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La Salud
Verbos
Be in shape
Be on a diet
Be congested
Be stressed
Break
Brush
Cause
Cough
Consult
Cure
Get cut
Die
Examine
Exercise
Evaluate
Fall asleep
Fall down
Feel
Get hurt
Get better
Get fat
Get sick
Get tired
Get in shape
Get up
Get worse
Go on a diet
Go to the gym
Have to
Have an
accident
Have a cold
Have a fever
Have flu
Have an X
Hurt(x hurts)
Improve
It is necessary
Jog
Lie down
Lift weights
Lose weight
Operate
Prescribe
Recommend
Relax
Rest
Shower
Should
Smoke
Spread
Stay healthy
Stay in bed
Stop x
Stress out
Suggest
El Cuerpo
Estar en forma
Estar a dieta
Estar congestionad@
Estar estresado/a
romperse
Cepillarse
Causar
Toser
Consultarse
Curar
Cortarse
Morir( o to ue)
Examinar
Hacer ejercicios
Evaluar
Dormirse(o to ue)
Caerse(caigo-yo)
Sentirse(e to ie)
Lastimarse
Recuperarse
Engordarse
Enfermarse
Cansarse
Ponerse en forma
Levantarse
Empeorarse
Ponerse a dieta
Ir al gimnasio
Tener que
Tener un accidente
Tener resfriado
Tener fiebre
Tener la gripe
Tener dolor de
Doler(duele, duelen)
Mejorarse
Hay que
Trotar
Acostarse(o to ue)
Levantar pesas
Bajar peso
Operar
Recetar
Recomendar(e to ie)
Relajarse
descansar
Ducharse
Debería
Fumar
propogarse
Ankles
Arms
Back
Beard
Blood
Body
Bone
Cheeks
Chest
Chin
Ears
Elbows
Eyebrows
Eyes
Face
Feet
Fingernails
Fingers
Forehead
Freckles
Hair
Hands
Head
Heart
Hips
Knees
Knuckles
Legs
Lips
Lungs
Mouth
Muscles
Mustache
Nails
Neck
Nose
Palm
Skin
Shoulders
Stomach
Toes
Tongue
Throat
Adjetivos
Los tobillos
Los brazos
La espalda
La barba
La sangre
El cuerpo
El hueso
Las mejillas
El pecho
La barbilla
Las orejas
Los codos
Las cejas
Los ojos
La cara
Los pies
Las uñas
Los dedos
La frente
Las pecas
El pelo
Las manos
La cabeza
El corazón
Las caderas
Las rodillas
Los nudillos
Las piernas
Los labios
Los pulmones
La boca
Los musculos
El bigote
Las uñas
El cuello
La náriz
La palmada
La piel
Los hombros
El estómago
Los dedos de pie
La lengua
La garganta
Active
Greasy
Healthy
Inactive
Muscular
Nutritious
Overweight
Painful
Sick
Strong
Unhealthy
Weak
Sintomas
Cold
Cut
Cough
Flu
Fever
Dizziness
Vomit
Sore throat
Pains/Aches
Sweat
Head ache
Chills
Nausea
Appointment
Consultation
Illness
Symptoms
Guardar cama
Cesar de/dejar de
Estresarse
Sugerir(e to ie)
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Demasiado gordo/a
Doloroso/a
Estar Enfermo/a
Fuerte
No saludable
Débil
Cataro/resfriado
El corte
La Tos
La Gripe
El Fiebre
Los Mareos
Los Vomitos
Dolor de garganta
Los Dolores
El Sudor
Dolor de cabeza
Los Escalofrios
Las Nauseas
La cita
La consulta
La enfermedad
Los sintomas
Sustantivos(nouns)
Accident
Advice
Alcohol
Ambulance
Aspirin
Appointment
Band aid
Clinic
Cream
Doctor
Dentist
Drugs
Emergency
Emergency room
Exam
Fat
Germs
Health
Hospital
Mantenerse en forma
Activo/a
Grasoso/a
Sano/a
No activo/a
Musculoso/a
Nutritivo/a
El accidente
El consejo
El alcohol
La ambulancia
La aspirina
La cita
La curita
La clinica
La crema
El doctor/medico
Dentista
Las drogas
La emergencia
Sala de
emergencia
La examinacion
La grasa
Los germenes
La salud
El hospital
Sweat
Take (pill)
Take a bath
Take a shower
Take care of
onself
Try to
Wake up
Wash
Wait (for)
Work (not labor,
but
effectiveness)
Sudar
Tomar
Bañarse
Ducharse
cuidarse
Illness/sickness
Injection
Injury/wound
Junk food
Medicine
Nurse
Nutrition
Patient
Prescription
Pain/ache
Pharmacy
Pills
Symptom
Test
Therapy
Vitamins
Waiting room
Tratar de
Despertarse(e to ie)
Lavarse
Esperar
Funccionar
Key Connecting Vocabulary For Year
Although
After
Again
Already
As a result
Anymore
As long as
As soon as
Before
Both
Both x and y
Besides
Because of that
Compared to
During
Even
Except
Even though
Instead of
In order to
Like(as in for example)
Like this/like that
Maybe
So that
So
She didn’t like it so I returned it.
So + adjective
Ex: She is so nice.
Such as
While
Since a period of time
I have known her since I was 5.
Since
Aunque
Después de (que)
Otra vez or De nuevo
Ya
Como cosecuencia
Ya no
En tanto que/siempre que
Tan pronto como
Antes de (que)
Ambos/ambas
Tanto x como y
Además de or aparte de
Por eso
En comparación con
Durante
Aun or hasta
Excepto
Aunque
En vez de
Para
Como
Asi
Tal vez or Quizás
Para que
Asi que
Tan
Tal como
Mientras
Desde que
Ya que
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La enfermedad
La inyección
La herida
La comida basura
La medicina
La enfermera
La nutrición
El/La paciente
La receta
El dolor
La farmacia
Las pildoras
El simptoma
La prueba
La terapia
Las vitaminas
La sala de espera
Since you don’t like beans, I don’t make them.
What/which
Not for use in questions! Use “qué/cuál” for
questions.
Ex: What I like is that you..Lo que me gusta es que..
Still/yet
That/who
With
Without
Lo que
Todavia
Que
Con
Sin
1) Present Tense and the 3 times it can express
1) The present tense can have 3 meanings.
Ex: Yo hablo=I talk
Ex: Yo hablo con mi madre ahora.=I am talking to my mom now.
Ex: Yo hablo con mi padre esta noche.=I am going to talk to my dad tonight.
The difference in the meaning comes from 2 things; a) using time words to tell you if the action is
happening now or in the future b) using the context of what is happening. Sometimes time words are
not used but the context, what is happening, tells you.
Ex: If I ask, "¿qué haces tú?"--this can mean, "what do you do, what are you doing, what are you going to
do?"--the listener and speaker know which meaning it has because of what they are talking about. If I
walk in a room and ask "¿Qué haces?--it is obvious I am asking "what are you doing?" not "what do you
do?"
2) Present Tense Endings
Yo(I)
Tú(you, informal)
Él/Ella/Usted
Nosotros(we)
Ellos(they)/Ustedes(you all
AR
o
as
a
amos
an
ER
o
es
e
emos
en
IR
o
es
e
imos
en
Time Words
Routine Time Words
every day=todos los dias
cada día
always= siempre
almost always=casi siempre
frequently=con frecuencia
sometimes=aveces
rarely=rara vez
never=nunca
Present Time Words
now=ahora
right now=ahora mismo
late=tarde
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Future Time words
today=hoy
tomorrow=mañana
tomorrow morning=
mañana por la mañana
tomorrow afternoon=
mañana por la tarde
tomorrow night=
mañana por la noche
day after tomorrow=
pasado mañana
next week=
la próxima semana
next month=
el próximo mes
next year=
el próximo año
soon=pronto
this weekend=
este fin de semana
next weekend=
el próximo fin de semana
later=más tarde
3) Forms to express "be ing" and "be going to"
a) Be ing. This is used to talk about something that is happening right now. Ex: I am talking. He is eating.
The formula is "estar + ando/iendo"
Yo(I)
Tú(you, informal)
Él/Ella/Usted
Nosotros(we)
Ellos(They)/Ustedes(you all)
estoy(am)
estás(are)
está(is)
estamos(are)
están(are)
+ ando/iendo(ing)
+ ando/iendo(ing)
+ ando/iendo(ing)
+ ando/iendo(ing)
+ ando/iendo(ing)
You can use "ing" without the "estar". An example is starting sentences with "ing". Ex: studying is
necessary.
You have 2 options---1) you can use "ando/iendo" alone. Ex: Estudiando es necesario.
2) you can put an unconjugated verb at the start of the sentences and the "ing" is already there. Ex:
Estudiar es necesario.
b) Be going to(future). This is used when talking about the future. Ex: I am going to see you tonight. He
is going to eat. The formula is "ir + a + verb"
Yo(I)
Tú(you, informal)
Él/Ella/Usted
Nosotros(we)
Ellos(They)/Ustedes(you all)
voy(am going)
vas(are going)
va(is going)
vamos(are going)
van(are going)
+ a(to)
+ unconj verb
Be careful not to add the verb “ser” or “estar” before the “ir + a + verb” structure. When you
see “am, are, is”, they are included when you conjugate “ir”. Ex: I am going=Yo voy. NOT Yo
soy/estoy voy
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4) When to NOT conjugate verbs!!!!!
1) You conjugate all verbs in sentences
except:
a) When two verbs are back to back, you don't conjugate the 2nd verb.
Ex: yo necesito comer. Ella no
puede hablar. Notice that the bolded/underlined word is immediately following another, so you just
plug an unchanged/unconjugated verb in that spot. This is true 99% of the time.
b) When verbs follow prepositions. "Its a(to) sin(without) de(from/of) or night to conjugate after
por(for) para(for) en(in/on) con(with) sobre(about)"
What does this phrase mean? It means that if a verb follows these prepositions you never conjugate
it. Notice in the examples below, the verb following "sin, de" are not conjugated because these are
prepositions.
Ex: Yo voy sin reservar una mesa.=I go without reserving a table.
Ex: Antes de ir, yo reservo una mesa.=Before going, I reserve a table
5) Reflexive Verbs
a)Verbs that end in “se”
Step 1----take off the “se” piece and change it to match the doer.
Yo
Tú
Ella/Él/Usted
Nosotros
Ellos/Ustedes
me
te
se
nos
se
Step 2---conjugate the verb that is left once you remove the “se”
Ex: me levanto, te levantas, se levanta, nos levantamos, se levantan
b) Reflexives with 2 verbs back-to-back.
You can put the “me, te, se, nos, se” either before the 1st or attached to the 2nd at the end. Ex:
yo me necesito duchar or yo necesito ducharme.
Yo me estoy duchando or yo estoy duchandome
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c) Impersonal "se". If you want to express "one", you use "se" to express "one", then conjugate the
verb for "he/she". Ex: One doesn't eat much at night.=No se come mucho por la noche.
d) Verbs are not reflexive when one person is doing the action to another. So, remove the “se” and just
use the verb. Ex: Yo levanto a John.
Verbs are reflexive when a person is referring to themselves and it affects only themselves. One person
is doing the action to themselves, not to another.
Ex: yo me levanto.
e) Reflexives can also be used to have the meaning “myself, yourself, himself/herself, ourselves,
themselves”. Ex I talk to myself. Yo me hablo.
To clarify that the reflexive has the meaning of “myself, etc” another piece is often added..”a mi
mismo/a, a ti mismo/a, a si mismo/a, a nosotros mismos, a si mismos/as.
Ex: I talk to myself=Yo me hablo
He talks to himself=Él se habla
me
te
se
nos
se
f) Reflexives to mean “each other”. Each other is only used for “we, they, you all”. You use the
reflexive piece “nos, se” and add “el uno al otro” to mean “each other. The reflexive(nos, se)
are required…the “el uno al otro” is optional. Use both together!
Ex: we love each other. Nos queremos el uno al otro
They talk to each other. Ellos se hablan el uno al otro.
Common verbs used with “each other”
Saludar=greet/say “hi”
Escribir=write
Hablar=talk
Ver=see
Querer=love
Ayudar=help
Entender=understand
Besar=kiss
6) The verb “doler”
It means to “hurt”, like “my head hurts”. Not like, “he hurt me”. It is used to say what part of
your body hurts you. This verb functions like a “gustar” verb.
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me
te
le
nos
les
Duele or duelen
Duele or duelen
Duele or duelen
Duele or duelen
Duele or duelen
You use the “me, te, le, nos, les” for the “my, your, his, her, our, their” part of the phrase.
Don’t use “mi, tu, su, nuestro, su” for the possessive.
You conjugate the verb “doler” as “duele” if it is one thing that hurts you, or “duelen” if it is two
or more.
Ex: My hands hurt. Me duelen las manos…the “me” is for the “my” and the “duelen” is
conjugated for the “hands.
Ex: Her head hurts. Le duele la cabeza…the “le” is for the “her” and the “duele” is for the
“head”.
This verb “doler” is conjugated for the thing that hurts, not the person.
7) Question Word Formation
As a rule, move the closest verb to wherever the ‘do/does/did’ is. There is no word for ‘do/does/did’
in Spanish questions. Ignore it. Move the verb to where it is.
a) Question word + conjugated verb + everything else—this is the pattern you need to learn.
ex: Why do you live here? =¿Por qué vives tú aqui?
ex: When do they leave? =¿Cuándo van ellos?
The only ones that don’t follow that pattern are;
cuánto,
qué tipo de
qué
—these are followed by the noun(thing), then the verb!
Ex: What book do you want?=¿Qué libro quieres?
Ex: What kind of food do you like?=¿Qué tipo de comida te gusta?
Ex: How many friends do you have?=¿Cuántos amigos tienes?
¿Por qué
¿Cuándo
why
when
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¿Cuánto/a/os/as(ending matches noun next
to it)
¿Quién or Quiénes(quien when asking about 1
person, quienes when asking about 2 or more)
¿Dónde(asking abt the location)
¿Adónde(asking about where going)
¿De dónde(asking abt country of origin)
¿Cómo
¿Con qué frecuencia
¿Qué tipo/clase de
¿A qué hora(asking what time something will
happen)
¿Cuál or cuáles(cuál when asking about one
ítem, cuáles when more than one)
¿De quién or de quiénes(de quién when asking
about 1 item, de quiénes when multiple
how much/many
who
where
where
where
how
how often
what kind of
what time/when
which
whose
8) Yes/No Questions
1) These are questions that start with “do/does/did” or “am/are/is” in English. You can simply
answer “yes/no” to them. Ex: Do you eat beans? Yes. Does he like puppies. No.
In Spanish you simply start the question with a conjugated verb and the “do/does/did” are
already there. NO SPECIAL WORD FOR ‘DO/DOES/DID’ IN QUESTIONS NEEDED. PUT THE VERB
WHEREVER “DO/DOES/DID” IS.
Ex: Do you go to school? = ¿Vas a escuela?
Ex: Does he eat beans? =¿Come él frijoles?
Notice that you put the “yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, ellos, ustedes” right after the verb.
9) Tag questions
These are questiosn that end in “isn’t it, aren’t you, don’t they, right”. Ex; She likes it, doesn’t
she?, They are tall, aren’t they? You like it, right?
All you have to do to express the “don’t you, isn’t he, aren’t you, right, etc.” is to add “verdad”
or “no” at the end of the question. Ex: ¿Te gusta el sombrero, verdad/no?
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10) Quantity Words
1) Quantity words must match the words next to them.
Ejemplo: Demasiados amigos
Tantas personas
Mucho dinero
The words below the line don’t match, but are used alone, without change
Too much/many
Demasiado/a/os/as
So much/many
Tanto/a/os/as
Other/another
Otro/a/os/as
Certain
Cierto/a/os/as
Both
Ambos/as
Many/much
Mucho/a/os/as
Few/little
Poco/a/os/as
Same
Mismo/a/os/as
Some
Algunos/as
Together
Juntos/as
None
Ningunos/as
All
Todo/a/os/as
A ton of
Un montón de
Somewhat
Algo
Quite/rather
Bastante
Too + adjective
Demasiado
Both x And Y
Tanto x como y
So + adjective
Tan
11) Direct Objects
A) They go in the same places that reflexives go.
B) X Verb, (x) verb verb(x)
C) You conjugate for the doer(yo, tu, ella, nosotros, ellos) always, not the direct objects.
Me
me
You
te
Him/it
lo
Her/it
la
Us
nos
Them, you all
los/las
D) “Lo/La” and “Los/Las”. When deciding which “it/them” to use, you need to look back at
what the “it/them” refer to and notice is the word “masculine, ending in “o”” or
“feminine, ending in “a””. You have to match the “it/them” to the gender of the word it
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refers back to. Ejemplo: The money(el dinero). I need it. El dinero. Yo lo necesito. I
chose “lo” since “it” is referring back to money(el dinero). Ejemplo: The papers(los
papeles). I need them. Los papeles. Yo los necesito. I chose “los” since it refers to “los
papeles”. Ejemplo: The chair(la silla). I need it. La silla. Yo la necesito.
E) The 2 “its”
1) If an “it” follows a verb, use “lo/la”.---DO
Ex: I need it. Yo lo necesito.
Ex: They want it. Ellos lo quieren.
2) If “it” starts a sentence OR is before “is/was”, it is a subject “it”. Just conjugate for
“he/she/it”.
Ex: It was sunny=Hizo sol
Ex: It is expensive=Es caro
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