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Practice Test Principles of Chemistry 2nd Semester Final Exam Directions: Read each question carefully, chose the best answer. Oxidation-Reduction 1. Is oxidation a physical or chemical process? a. Physical b. Chemical c. Reduction d. Half-reaction 2. How can oxidation be prevented? a. Have to prevent oxygen from entering into the material or substance. b. Painting cars c. Using metal alloys for building. d. All the above 3. Rusted iron, burning wood are examples of a chemical reaction. What is the fuel for these reactions? a. Oxygen b. Fossil fuels c. Gasoline d. Wind farms 4. What occurs during reduction? a. A substance loses electrons b. A substance gains electrons c. A substance becomes more negatively charged d. Both b and c 5. What does iron give off when it rusts? a. Heat b. Light c. nothing d. Rust 6. When iron rust or during any chemical change, what happens to the atoms? a. Atoms change by linking with other molecules to form compounds b. Iron oxide is formed when iron is oxidized c. A chemical reaction produces compounds. d. All the above 7. What is an element? a. Simplest form of a substance that cannot be broken down b. Substance made from one or more atoms of the same atomic number c. Hydrogen, helium, oxygen, chlorine, tungsten, sulfur, xenon, radon d. All the above. 8. When magnesium burns, oxygen links up with the magnesium. The compound magnesium oxide is formed. The burning of magnesium is an example of what type of oxidation? a. Slow oxidation b. Combustion c. Heat and light d. Compound 9. What energy is given off when magnesium burns or any object that burns with a visiable flame? a. Electrical and mechanical b. Hot and cold energy c. Fusion energy d. Heat and light energy 10. What type of change occurs when paper is burnt? a. Physical b. Chemical c. Sound d. Half-reaction 11. What is another term for combustion? a. Reducing agent b. Oxidizing agent c. Rapid oxidation d. Matter 12. Which process causes the removal of oxygen and the gain of electrons? a. Oxidation b. Reduction c. Light energy d. Oxygen 13. Which of the following are examples of slow oxidation? a. Decay of food b. Digestion and the release of energy c. Rusting d. All the above 14. Which of the following are examples rapid oxidation or combustion? a. A house on fire. b. Lighting a match c. Cutting a potato d. Both a and b. 15. What is always produced during the oxidation process? a. Light b. Heat c. Combustion d. Sound 16. The more active you are, the more oxidation takes place in your body. How can you tell that exercise increases oxidation? a. Your body releases heat causing your body to respond by sweating in order to cool you off. b. You run c. Walk very fast d. Our bodies do not carry out any oxidation processes 17. What is a compound? a. Two or more elements chemically bonded b. MgO, FeO, CaCO, NaF, NaN3 c. Already in its simplest form d. Both a and b 18. Which of the following processes identifies with the release of heat? a. Endothermic b. Exothermic c. Sound energy d. Temperature 19. What is the gradual destruction of a metal or alloy as a result of chemical processes such as oxidation or the action of the chemical? a. Element b. Compound c. Corrosion d. Heat 20. Which of these statements are true about slow oxidation? a. There is no flame, heat is given off, but cannot be felt, oxygen links up with oxygen very slowly b. A flame is present, oxygen links up with other matter very rapidly c. The oxidizing reaction of an organic compound in which a flame is present d. Chemical reaction with a flame and a lot of heat 21. What does lemon juice do to the oxidation process? a. Speeds up the process b. Slows the oxidation process c. Does nothing d. Causes combustion 22. What is oxidation? a. Oxygen b. A reaction that removes one or more electrons c. Heat d. Flame 23. Identify the subscript(s) in the following chemical formula: Na4 + O2 a. Na, O, 2 b. 4, 2, 2 c. Na, O, 4 d. None of the above Na2O 24. Which side of the equation do you find the reactants? a. Right side of a chemical equation b. In the middle of a chemical equation c. Left side of a chemical equation d. All the above 25. How are the products formed? a. During chemical reactions b. They are never formed c. Left side of the equation d. None of the above 26. What does the subscript tell you about an element? a. The number of atoms present in the element b. A number that can be changed c. It is the same as the coefficient d. It is used to balance a chemical equation 27. According to the conservation of mass, what must be the same on both sides of the equation in order for it to be balanced? a. The coefficients must be the same b. The subscripts must be the same c. The number of atoms for each element must be the same d. The order of the compounds must be in the same order on both sides of the equation. Energy 28. What is energy? a. The ability to do work b. The ability to make things move or go c. Can change form d. All the above 29. Which statement is NOT correct about energy? a. Objects move because of energy b. Energy is NOT matter c. Energy has mass and takes up space d. Can change from one form to another 30. Without energy we would have no electricity, light, cars, etc. How has energy made modern civilization possible? a. Energy of motion b. We learned how to change energy from one form to another and then use it to do work for us. c. Modern civilization would have been possible without energy d. None of the above 31. Which of the following are true about conservation of energy? a. Energy cannot be made b. Energy cannot be destroyed. It is never used up c. Energy can change from one form to another d. All the above 32. Why can’t kinetic energy ever be greater than potential energy? a. Conservation of energy b. The amount of energy within a system can only be as much as it is given c. Kinetic energy is always higher d. Both a and b 33. What is the form that batteries store energy in? a. Kinetic b. Mechanical c. Sound d. Potential 34. What is potential energy? a. The energy of position, the higher an object the more energy it has b. Motion energy c. Stored energy d. Both a and c 35. What happens to some of the energy when it changes forms? a. It is lost as heat b. It is absorbed by the environment c. Both a and b. d. None of the above 36. Which of the following conversions explain why you get warm when you exercise? a. Chemical energy converts to heat energy b. Potential energy is converted to heat energy c. Light energy is converted to mechanical energy d. Nuclear energy is converted into chemical energy 37. What are the seven forms of energy? a. Chemical, mechanical, heat, sound, light, motion, and nuclear b. Mechanical, heat, light, speed, velocity, potential and wind c. Sound, light, heat, grasshopper pump, exercise, stored energy, motion d. None of the above 38. What two forms of energy categorize the seven forms of energy? a. Light and heat b. Sound and motion c. Potential and kinetic d. Chemical and nuclear 39. What energy moves electrons through matter? a. Mechanical b. Heat c. Nuclear d. Electricity 40. Energy that is electromagnetic is considered to be what form of energy? a. Nuclear b. mechanical c. Light d. Chemical 41. The energy that is used to hold the particles of the nucleus together is what type of energy? a. Chemical b. Radiant c. Nuclear d. Sound 42. What is the energy that vibrates air molecules by compressing air? a. Sound b. Light c. Nuclear d. Heat 43. The energy of moving things is defined as which of the following? a. Heat b. Sound c. Chemical d. Mechanical 44. Visible light, x-rays, gamma rays, radio waves, light bulb are examples of what type of energy? a. Heat b. Light c. Chemical d. Nuclear 45. What are energy changes called? a. Conversions b. Changes c. Conservation d. Electrical 46. The following diagram represents which form of energy? a. b. c. d. Kinetic energy Potential energy Wind energy Light energy Balancing Chemical Equations: Chose the letter that represents the correctly balanced chemical equation. Use the space on your scantron to solve each equation or a sheet of scratch paper. 47. _?_K + _?_Cl2 a. _1_K _?_KCl + _1_Cl2 _1_KCl b. _2_K + __Cl2 _2_KCl c. _3_K + _2_Cl2 _2_KCl d. _5_K + _6_Cl2 _7_KCl 48. ___Mg + ___HCl a. ___Mg + ___HCl b. ___Mg + ___HCl c. ___Mg + ___HCl d. ___Mg + ___HCl ___ MgCl2 + ___H2 ___ MgCl2 + ___ MgCl2 + ___ MgCl 2 + ___ MgCl2 + 49. ___NaCl ___Cl2 50. ___Ca ___Na + + ____O2 51. ___Li + ___F2 52. ___K + ___S ____CaO ___LiF ___K2S ___H2 ___H2 ___H2 ___H2 53. ___Li + ____Cl2 ____LiCl True and False. Read questions 54-68 the following statements carefully. Select A for “true” and B for “false.” 54. A chemical reaction causes a chemical change. 55. Oxidation is a physical process. 56. Combustion is a chemical reaction. 57. A chemical change makes new products. 58. Elements can be lost or gained in a chemical reaction. 59. A physical change makes new products. 60. The new substances made in a chemical reaction have new properties. 61. The boiling of water is an example of a chemical change 62. The electrolysis of water is an example of a chemical change. 63. Some physical changes involve taking in or giving off energy. 64. Slow oxidation gives off heat. 65. Slow oxidation gives off light. 66. Combustion is slow oxidation. 67. Food keeps fresher when it is wrapped. 68. Oxidation gives off oxygen Naming Covalent Compounds: Read each question carefully. You will be given either the chemical formula or the compound name. Remember the rules! 69. What is the compound name for ClO2? a. Hexaboron silicide b. Chlorine dioxide c. Hydrogen iodide d. Ammonia 70. What is the compound name for P4S5? a. Tetraphosphorus pentasulfide b. Disilicon hexabromide c. Sulfur tetrachloride d. Methane 71. What is the compound name for Si2Br6? a. Tetraphosphorus pentasulfide b. Disilicon hexabromide c. Sulfur tetrachloride d. Methane 72. What is the compound name for SCl4? a. Tetraphosphorus pentasulfide b. Disilicon hexabromide c. Sulfur tetrachloride d. Methane 73. What is the chemical formula for nitrogen trifluride? a. B2Si b. SeF6 c. SCl4 d. NF3 74. Identify the chemical formula for the following compound antimony tribromide. a. SbBr3 b. SeF6 c. SCl4 d. NF3 Matching. Questions 75-79 please select the best select the best definition for each of the following vocabulary words. 75. Decay 76. Combustion a. Matter links up oxygen very slowly, heat is given off but cannot be felt, no light. A chemical process in which a substance loses electrons. 77. Reduction b. Chemical change in which electrons are gained, either by the removal of oxygen, the addition of hydrogen or the addition of electrons 78. Oxidation c. To spoil, breakdown 79. Corrosion d. The oxidizing reaction of an organic compound, in which heat is released. Also known as rapid oxidation e. Gradual destruction of a metal or alloy as a result of a chemical process