Download Foundation Skills I

What is Applied
Kinesiology
Kinesiology
Science of movement
What Physical Education is called today
Applied Kinesiology
Chiropractic Technique
Other Practitioners
Foundational AK Skills - I
Muscle Testing
Challenge
Therapy Localization
5 Factors of the IVF
Muscle Testing
Basis of all other skills
If you cannot properly muscle test, all
other skills are of no value
Muscle Testing according to a
PRECISE PROTOCOL
-ICAK Position Statement
What is muscle
testing?
Atrophy vs. Functional
Neurology
Kendall and Kendall
Physical Therapists
Polio
Maximum isolation of individual
muscle
Kendall and McCreary
Muscles, testing and function
 1949
Only in third edition
Two Kinds of Muscle
Testing
“Orthopedic” muscle testing
MUST test to FAILURE
MAY test BILATERALLY
Atrophy
“Reflex” muscle testing
Only testing for a “LOCK”
Very little force
AK Muscle Testing
AK Muscle Testing
“Coordination” of the muscular system
Inhibition / Facilitation
“Weak” vs. “Strong”
Poor Terminology
Inhibition vs. Facilitation
Therefore...
Muscle Testing is:
A window into the nervous
system’s current state of
control of the coordination of
the musculoskeletal system.
How Do I Muscle
Test?
Proper body part placement
How Do I Muscle
Test?
Proper body part placement
Proper stabilization
Latisimus Dorsi
How Do I Muscle
Test?
Proper body part placement
Proper stabilization
Proper line of drive
Latisimus Dorsi
Visualize the Muscle!
Visualize the muscle!!
Do NOT just memorize the muscle test
To summarize this slide;
VISUALIZE THE MUSCLE!!!
Latisimus Dorsi
Supraspinatus
Serratus Anterior
Middle Deltoid
Anterior Deltoid
Posterior Deltoid
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Rhomboid
Levator Scapula
How Do I Muscle
Test?
Pull or push with GRADUALLY
INCREASING force
Patient can feel force and resist
Additional Considerations
Consistent Timing
Line of Drive - Visualize!
Pain
Crossing a Joint
Leverage
GRADUAL INCREASE IN PRESSURE SO
PATIENT CAN FEEL IT & RESIST
Indicator Vs. Associated
Muscles
INDICATOR
“STRONG IN THE CLEAR”
A normal muscle used to indicate the
presence of a problem by testing “weak”
when some challenge mechanism is applied
to the body.
ASSOCIATED
“WEAK IN THE CLEAR”
A muscle that is weak due to some unknown
dysfunction.
Challenge
A testing procedure to determine the
effect of some input, either physical,
chemical or mental, on the function of a
muscle.
Characteristics of
Challenge
Based on the idea that the body:
should be able to accept a stimulus without
disruption of the nervous system’s
coordination of the muscular system
Usually done by the Doctor
Exception; Deep breath to move cranium
When used to find a listing,
Use an INDICATOR muscle - For precise
vector
Challenge to find a listing,
Use an INDICATOR muscle - For precise
vector
Associated muscle will “completely”
strengthen
Even if vector is just “in the ball park”
Indicator muscle will:
“Partially” weaken if “in the ball park”
“Completely” weaken if the vector is precise!
Spinal Vs. Extremity
Challenge
SPINAL
REBOUND CHALLENGE
Adjust into weakness
EXTREMITY
DIRECT CHALLENGE
Adjust into strength
Therapy Localization
Second Skill
George Goodheart, D.C.
Not well understood
It’s an “energy” thing
“I wish that all
chiropractors could take in
this basic principle of our
science - that too much or
not enough energy is
disease.”
- D.D. Palmer, 1910
TL Example
Patient has an inappropriately inhibited
Pectoralis Major Sternal when Dr. does
muscle test
Patient then puts their fingers on the
acupuncture Alarm Point for the liver
meridian
Dr. re-tests PMS muscle and finds it to be
“strong”
Interpretation
Step 1: Brain is inappropriately
coordinating PMS muscle
Step 2&3: Imbalance of the liver
meridian’s energy is at least partly
responsible for brain’s inappropriate
coordination of PMS
TL’s Limitation
It is called therapy LOCALIZATION
It tells you WHERE the problem is
LOCATED
NOT what the problem IS!!!
Characteristics of TL
Patient’s fingers
Electromagnetic
What muscle can be used?
Associated
Indicator
Special Considerations of
Therapy Localization
What if patient cannot reach area?
Challenge
Can the doctor TL?
Hindrances to TL
Dehydration
Thick clothes
Synthetic fabrics???
Therapy Localization and
Muscle Testing
Patients must not touch their bodies!
Can doctors touch patient’s bodies?
TL?
Technique
Is this muscle a good
muscle to use as an
indicator?
“Muscle testing is inconsistent.”
Muscle Spindle Cells
Golgi Tendon Organs
Autogenic Inhibition
We can manipulate MSC’s & GTO’s
Stretch ‘em to Strengthen
Crunch ‘em to Weaken
Therefore:
Is this muscle a good
muscle to use as an
indicator?
If it does not inhibit normally (autogenic
inhibition),
It will not inhibit when a problem is
challenged or TL’ed!!
Always check this before using a muscle
as an indicator.
Structural Balance
Muscles move bones!
Structural Balance
Muscle Spasm
Antagonistic Weakness
AK Approach to
Subluxation
Muscle Imbalance