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VITAMINS
Organic compounds required in the diet in
small amount to perform specific
biological functions for the maintenance
of optimum growth and health.
Classification:
Fat soluble Vit
A,D, E, K.
Water
vit B, C
Soluble
Fat Soluble Vitamins
Fat soluble vit are solule in fat ,oil and in
fat solvents like alcohol, acetone,
In general fat S. Vit. are stored in liver
and excreted through the bile , and
excess consumption of these vit
particularly A and D lead to accumulation
and toxic effect
Hypervitaminosis
Water soluble vit.
Water soluble vit. are readily excreted in
urine and they are relatively less toxic.
Water soluble vit are not stored in the body
(except vit B12).
Generally vit deficiency are multiple rather
than single deficiency.
Deficiency:
1- nightblinfness
keratomalcia.
2- Xerophthalmia&
3-Increase risk of developing cancer
Vit E :α tocopherol:
Found in animal and plant fat and oil, fat
soluble vit stable to heat and acid .
Sources: plant and animal tissues, cotton
seed oil,corn oil,soyabean oil,sunflower
oil,fish ,Egg,…..
3- It prevents the oxidation of various compound
particularly fat.
4-Vit E may play a role in the development of
anemia in infant ( macrocytic anemia).
5- Antisterility effect.
Vit.E has a sparing action on vit A.
Functions:
1 vit k has been shown to be involved in the
maintenance of normal level of blood clotting
factor
II VII IX X.
2 It catalyze the synthesis of prothrombin in
the liver.
Absence of vit k , hypo prothrombinemia
occurs and blood clotting time is prolonged.
3. Anti dote to some drugs(warfarin).