Download Part 1-What is the heart made of

The Cardiovascular System
Watch the tutorial at http://tinyurl.com/2uu3yuw and answer the questions.
Part 1-What is the heart made of?
1. Name and describe each of the three layers of the heart wall:
a.
b.
c.
2. Inside the heart there are _________ main chambers.
3. Label the left and right atrium and left and right ventricles.
What is the function of these chambers?
Which structures do most of the pumping?
4. The two _________ receive the blood _______________ to the heart after circulating through
different tissues of the body. The right atrium receives blood from all body tissues except the
_________. This blood is oxygen _________ but rich in __________ ___________ that needs
to be removed from the body. The left atrium receives oxygen __________ or
_______________ blood from the lungs that is ready for _____________ to the different body
tissues.
5. What is the function of the two ventricles?
6. Describe the path of oxygen poor blood through the heart.
7. Describe the path of oxygen rich blood through the heart.
8. A vein ________________________________________________________.
An artery _____________________________________________________.
9. What are the veins that return oxygen poor blood to the right atrium called?
10. What happens to the deoxygenated blood brought into the right atrium?
11. Where do the pulmonary ateries go?
12. The oxygen rich blood returns from the ________ to the _________ atrium through the
____________ veins and leaves the heart through a major ____________ called the
___________.
13. How does the heart make the blood move in exactly the right way?
14. What does the pulmonary valve control?
15. What does the aortic valve regulate?
16. Valves are like ___________ ___________ that open in only _________ direction.
Part 2-How does the heart pump blood?
17. The __________ and _____________ of the heart alternatively ______________ and
____________ in a steady rhythm. Each contraction _____________ the blood _______ of the
chamber and each relaxation allows ________ blood to ___________ it.
18. Systole= ________________________________________________________
Diastole=________________________________________________________
19. When do the atria refill with blood from the major veins?
20. What does ventricular systole do to the blood?
21. What does atrial systole do to the blood?
Part 3-What regulates the heart beat?
22. What causes the heart muscle to beat in a steady rhythm?
23. What does the His-Purkinje system ensure?
24. What does ECG stand for? What does an ECG measure?
25. What kind of pattern should an ECG trace for a healthy heart?
26. Abnormalities in the heart pattern are called _______________________.
27. Describe the condition indicated by each ECG:
Part 4-Blood and Blood Flow
28. The liquid part of blood is called ____________ and contains dissolved proteins and
chemicals.
29. What do red blood cells or erythrocytes do?
30. What do leucocytes or white blood cells do?
31. What do platelets do?
32. ________________ circulation carries oxygen ________ blood from the heart to the tissues
and returns oxygen _________ blood to the right ___________. ________________ circulation
carries oxygen __________ blood from the heart to the ___________ and returns oxygen
________ blood to the left __________.
33. What’s the purpose of coronary circulation?
34. What happens in the capillaries?
35. What are the tiny airsacs in lungs called? What happens in these airsacs when we take a
breath?
36. What causes heart attacks?
Part 5-Blood Pressure
37. Blood pressure=
38. 120=
80=
39. When is the pressure against artery walls at its highest? Lowest?
40. Describe the steps used in taking someone’s blood pressure.