Download Path Balance on Distributed Antenna Systems

IBTUF VIII – AUSTIN, TX
Distributed Antenna Systems for Large Venues
Presented by Prabhu Maragathavannan
CAR/TN Region
January 14, 2014
PID#
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
Agenda
• Large DAS Systems Overview
 DAS Architecture
 Common DAS Manufacturers
• DAS Zones Vs Sectors-Capacity and Design
 DAS Zones Vs Sectors
 User Throughput expectations
 3D Model and inclined surfaces
 Performance based capacity solution
• Why is Noise Figure important?
 Noise Figure Calculation
 UL attenuation settings examples
• Delay settings
 Significance of Delay settings
 Cause and Effects
 Parameters to be adjusted
• Path imbalance
 Balancing Tool
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
2
Sample Architecture
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
3
Common DAS Manufacturers
• Mobile Access (Separate Amplifiers)
– Charlotte Airport, Clemson
• Commscope (Shared Amplifier with TPOI/IPOI)
– USC, Music City, LP Field, PNC Arena, Bridgestone
• Tyco or TE Connectivity (Digital System)
– BOA Stadium, Time Warner, Airport, UNC
• SoLid ( 1 Fiber strand)
– UT Neyland Stadium, TIAACref
Other players are Teko, Dali Wireless etc
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
4
Agenda
• Large DAS Systems Overview
 DAS Architecture
 Common DAS Manufacturers
• DAS Zones Vs Sectors-Capacity and Design
 DAS Zones Vs Sectors
 User Throughput expectations
 3D Model and inclined surfaces
 Performance based capacity solution
• Why is Noise Figure important?
 Noise Figure Calculation
 UL attenuation settings examples
• Delay settings
 Significance of Delay settings
 Cause and Effects
 Parameters to be adjusted
• Path imbalance
 Balancing Tool
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
5
DAS Zones Vs Sectors
• Zones Vs Sectors- Performance Vs Capacity?
Example: 4 sector configuration
Sector
Boundaries
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
6
DAS Zones Vs Sectors
• User experience in the bowl will be different based on where they are seated
Users in this area
get great
Throughput due to
64QAM (SINR
~20)
More Sectors
create more
Boundaries with
poor SINR
User gets poor
Throughput in the
sector boundaries
due to bad SINR
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
7
DAS Zones Vs Sectors
If there are multiple levels, make sure inclination is defined properly and
all sectors are transmitting when generating SINR plots
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
8
DAS Zones Vs Sectors
We can see the different tiers of the stadium with the antenna locations
on the 3D view in this example clearly showing the slope and inclination
well defined for propagation modeling
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
9
DAS Zones Vs Sectors
The predictions should be based on the inclined surfaces also inside the
bowl. The more accurate the slope and the angle directions are, the
prediction results will be more close to actual scenario
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
10
DAS Zones Vs Sectors
• Two aspects of the design
 Capacity planning based on market share, simultaneous users, active connected
users etc
Even if capacity requires, x number of sectors, design for additional zones in the bowl
if possible
 Performance based capacity planning using Target SINR and Noise Figure
calculations
Consider Noise rise due to loading which will affect SINR
 SINR of 10 dB in an empty stadium may be even 2 dB based on the amount of
loading. Need to include the “noise rise due to loading” in the link budget
Number of remotes per sector to be considered for cascaded noise figure
Even if enough power is available, try to have additional remotes to create zones for
future. We cannot suddenly create additional sectors if we don’t have those in place
Both of these factors go hand in hand and there is a tradeoff between the
two at a point and might have to grow vertically at this point
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
11
Agenda
• Large DAS Systems Overview
 DAS Architecture
 Common DAS Manufacturers
• DAS Zones Vs Sectors-Capacity and Design
 DAS Zones Vs Sectors
 User Throughput expectations
 3D Model and inclined surfaces
 Performance based capacity solution
• Why is Noise Figure important?
 Noise Figure Calculation
 UL attenuation settings examples
• Delay settings
 Significance of Delay settings
 Cause and Effects
 Parameters to be adjusted
• Path imbalance
 Balancing Tool
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
12
Why is Noise Figure important ?
• Where Fn and Gn are the noise factor and available power gain,
respectively, of the n-th stage. Note that both magnitudes are
expressed as ratios, not in decibels.
• The overall noise figure of a radio receiver is primarily established by
the noise figure of its first amplifying stage. Subsequent stages have
a diminishing effect on signal to noise ratio. For this reason, the first
stage amplifier in a receiver is often called the Low Noise
Amplifier(LNA).
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
13
Noise Figure
Attenuation
at the remote
should be 0
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
14
Noise Figure(Solid equipment example)
Setting at the
conditioners
are ok
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
15
Noise Figure(Mobile access example)
Setting at the
conditioners
are ok
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
16
Noise Figure (UL Attenuation)
UL Attenuation
•
•
In neutral host systems try to keep UL
atten on the DIU trays to have control
Active trays like iPOI are great option but
make sure it is not locked by the other
carrier for neutral host scenarios
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
17
Agenda
• Large DAS Systems Overview
 DAS Architecture
 Common DAS Manufacturers
• DAS Zones Vs Sectors-Capacity and Design
 DAS Zones Vs Sectors
 User Throughput expectations
 3D Model and inclined surfaces
 Performance based capacity solution
• Why is Noise Figure important?
 Noise Figure Calculation
 UL attenuation settings examples
• Delay settings
 Significance of Delay settings
 Cause and Effects
 Parameters to be adjusted
• Path imbalance
 Balancing Tool
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
18
Delay Settings
• The eNode B is responsible for maintaining the uplink timing synchronization
for the users.
• In LTE, timing adjustment is performed using the timing-advance(TA)
command, which is transmitted either as part of a random-access response
or as a MAC control element
 When the TA command is transmitted as part of the random access
response, a 11-bit TA command with possible values of
TA=0,1,2,…1282 is used which provides timing adjustment from 0 to
667 uS
 When the UE is already synchronized, only fine timing adjustment is
necessary and is done on MAC control message
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
19
Delay Settings
• DAS Systems have an inherent delay, especially the ones with long fiber runs
• They have to be balanced for the sectors and then compensated at the BTS/eNode
B
• Unbalanced delays = PN Offset as BTS are time synchronized
• Will affect LTE significantly as each TA granularity is around 0.52us
• New delay compensation parameter GPSAntDel for Motorola equipment (CDMA)
and has been successfully implemented at several venues
• Should be kept in mind while moving zones around and assigning to sectors with
different delays
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
20
Delay settings
Fiber lengths for multiple
remotes to the same
sector should be
balanced for delay
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
21
LTE Delay Compensation
• LTE (Ericsson example)
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
22
Motorola Delay compensation
• Motorola parameter for delay compensation (4812)
Delay
compensation in
nano seconds
Please note this has to be set at a frame level unlike LTE
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
23
Motorola Delay compensation
• Delay compensation for UBS frames
Delay
compensation in
nano seconds
Note the difference
for UBS frames
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
24
Agenda
• Large DAS Systems Overview
 DAS Architecture
 Common DAS Manufacturers
• DAS Zones Vs Sectors-Capacity and Design
 DAS Zones Vs Sectors
 User Throughput expectations
 3D Model and inclined surfaces
 Performance based capacity solution
• Why is Noise Figure important?
 Noise Figure Calculation
 UL attenuation settings examples
• Delay settings
 Significance of Delay settings
 Cause and Effects
 Parameters to be adjusted
• Path imbalance
 Balancing Tool
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
25
Path Imbalance
• An unbalanced path will allow individual UE’s to generate inter-cell interference at cell
edges which could cause higher receive noise floors.
• Rises in reverse link noise floors at eNodeB receivers will slow uplink throughput
considerably, well before the downlink is affected
• Tool to calculate required attenuation at tray
Confidential and proprietary materials for authorized Verizon personnel and outside agencies only. Use, disclosure or distribution of this material is not permitted to any unauthorized persons or third parties except by written agreement.
26