Download Biomolecules Vocabulary

Biomolecules Vocabulary
TERM
DEFINITION
B.9A (R)
Biomolecule
Molecules containing the substances that are necessary for performing life
functions
Carbohydrate
A biomolecule containing hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio and is
used as a primary energy source
Lipid
A biomolecule composed of glycerol and fatty acids that is hydrophobic
Protein
A biomolecule composed of amino acids connected by peptide bonds
Amino Acid
Polymer
Molecule that contains an amine group, a carboxylic acid group, and a side chain
specific to each amino acid
A large Molecule formed by the bonding of smaller molecular units
Organic
A chemical compound containing carbon and relating to living organisms
Inorganic
A chemical compound not containing the element carbon and unrelated to living
organisms
Monomer
A small molecular unit that can be chemically combined with other small molecular
units to form a larger molecule
Nucleic Acid
Composed of nucleotides and carries the genetic information of an organism
Nucleotide
The monomer of nucleic acids; composed of phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous
bases
B.9C (SS)
Protein
A biomolecule composed of amino acids connected by peptide bonds
Polymer
A large molecule formed by the bonding of smaller molecular units
Enzyme
Proteins that can change the rates of specific reactions
Monomer
A small molecular unit that can be chemically combined with other small molecular
units to form a larger molecule
Substrate
A substance being acted upon by an enzyme
Metabolism
All of the physical and chemical processes that occur within an organism
Products
The substances resulting from a chemical reaction
Reactants
Any substance that undergoes chemical change
Hydrolysis
The chemical process in which water molecules are added to break the bonds of a
polymer
The chemical process in which water molecules are released to form bonds
between monomers to produce polymers
Condensation Reaction
Catalyst
A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction