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Amylase: Helps in breaking down carbohydrates. Proteases: Helps in digestion of proteins. Lipases: Assists in digestion of fats. Chemical Pathway: Gastrin Incompletely digested proteins Stomach secrets gastrin Secrets gastric juice that contains pepsin and HCl Medulla oblongata stomach Proteins digested Chemical Pathway: Secretin Arrival of chyme in the duodenum Acidity in the duodenum rises Secretin is released Sends message to liver and pancreas Liver bile Pancreas sodium bicarbonate Neutralizes the pH in duodenum Chemical Pathway: Cholecystokinin Increased chyme in the duodenum Cholecystokinin (CCK) activated Pancreas: It accelerates the rate of production and secretion of digestive enzymes Gallbladder: It causes the ejection of bile into the duodenum Chemical Pathway: Gastric Inhibitory Peptide GIP is released Arrival of fats and carbohydrates Signals pancreas to secrete insulin Inhibits stomach gastric activity Celiac Disease Resulted when the lining of small intestine becomes damaged when exposed to even slightest amt. of gluten (i.e. wheat, oats). Patients with this disease normally have hard time absorbing nutrients Patients who are diagnosed with this disease will have to go on gluten-free diet CROHN’S DISEASE The inflammation of the digestive tract Most often found in the ileum part of the small intestine Causes and pain and frequent diarrhea