Download Immediate and Underlying Causes

WWII Notes
Allied Powers
US, GB, Free French
Axis Powers
Germany, Italy, Japan
Anomalies
Vichy French, USSR, Poland, Austria
Theaters of War
European Eastern Theater, European Western Theater, Pacific Theater
Immediate and Underlying Causes
Underlying Causes
WWI
Treaty of Versailles – 1919
Ger admit wrong, started WWI (blank check – Aust. declared war)
Ger give up land (Poland)
Limit Ger army and navy, no AF
Demilitarize French border (Maginot line)
Germany pay $ - inflation
Weimar Republic
Economy - World depression and inflation
Rise of Fascism & Socialism - Mussolini, Hitler
Italian economy, bugouise, military
German Worker’s Party
Hitler Ger army spy…speech…join
Becomes NSDAP – Hitler head 1921
Hitler therefore redefined socialism by placing the word 'National' before it. He
claimed he was only in favor of equality for those who had "German blood". Jews and
other "aliens" would lose their rights of citizenship, and immigration of non-Germans
should be brought to an end.
NAZI – NSDAP – National Socialist German Worker’s Party
Swastika
Sign of Agni, Hindu god of the sun
Symbol of eternal birth
1921 - Hitler jailed for mob that beat politician – wrote Mein Kampf
1933 – Hitler apptd. Chancellor
Reichstag burned – Hitler more power for national security
Enabling Act – gave Hitler dictatorial powers
Month later 1st Concentration Camp established – Getting ready for Holocaust
Nazi Party declared only party in Ger
US Position post WWI – Isolationism
FDR – 1933 Good Neighbor Policy
WWII Notes
FDR internationalist – trade out of depression
Congress - isolationist
Aug 19, 1934 – Hitler became Fuhrer – Third Reich
Got rid of Treaty of Versailles with Nazi majority in Reichstag
Promised to make Germany great again
Establish Aryan Race
1935 - German conscription
Nuremburg Race Laws
Protocols of the Elders of Zion
1937 – Stalin’s Purges = Non-Aggression Pact w/ Germany later
Hossbach Conf. – Hitler announces plans for war
* 1938 – March 12 – Anschluss – Ostmark
Aug. – Ger. Military mobilizes – Panzer Divisions - Blitzkrieg
*Nov. – Kristallnacht
- Nuremburg Laws
- Signs – Jews not Welcome
- ID Cards 1938
- Polish Jews in Ger sent to Poland – relocation camps
- Assassination attempt
- Chaos…blamed on Jews
- “Final Solution”
Immediate Cause
3 April 1939 – WWII begins as Ger invades Poland (CASE WHITE)
3 Sept. 1939 – GB declares war on Ger
1939
Non-Aggression Treaty
GB/Poland – mutual assistance treaty
*Sept. 1 – Case White
Sept 5 - United States proclaims neutrality
Oct - Nazis begin euthanasia on sick and disabled in Germany – Holocaust begins.
1940
May 10 - Nazis invade France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands; Winston Churchill becomes British
Prime Minister.
WWII Notes
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May 26 – Operation Dynamo – Evacuation of French to GB
June 16 - Marshal Pétain becomes French Prime Minister
As the German army swept across France, DeGaulle and other Free French retreated to Britain in the evacuation of
Dunkirk, which left Petain to surrender the country to the Germans. He would be given the job as a Nazi puppet-leader of the new
Vichy France from 1940 to France's liberation in 1944.
July 1 - German U-boats attack merchant ships in the Atlantic
July 10 - Battle of Britain begins – THE BLITZ
Sept 27 - Tripartite (Axis) Pact signed by Germany, Italy and Japan
1941
March 11 – FDR signs Lend-Lease Act
May 27 – sinking of the Bismarck
June - Nazi SS Einsatzgruppen begin mass murder - Holocaust
June 4 - Pro-Allied government installed in Iraq
June 14 - United States freezes German and Italian assets in America
June 22 - Germany attacks Soviet Union as Operation Barbarossa begins.
Moscow, Leningrad & Stalingrad
July 26 - FDR freezes Japanese assets in United States and suspends relations
Aug 14 – Atlantic Charter
Sept 3 - First experimental use of gas chambers at Auschwitz
Dec. 7 - Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor
Dec 8 - United States and Britain declare war on Japan
Dec 11 - Germany declares war on the United States.
1942
Jan 30 – Price Controls
June 3 – Battle of Midway
Aug 7 – Guadalcanal
Nov 8 – Operation Torch – US in N. Africa
WWII Notes
Dec 27 – Rationing begins
1943
Feb 2 – Ger lose Stalingrad
June 30 – US in S. Pacific
Aug 17 – US takes Sicily
1944
June 4 – Italy falls to US
June 6 – D-Day – Operation Overlord
Sept 10 – Allies take back France
Sept 11 – Allies invade Germany
Nov 24 – Bombing of Japan begins
Dec 16 – Battle of the Bulge
1945
Feb 23 – Raising the flag on Iwo Jima
Apr 12 – FDR dies – Truman takes over
May 8 – VE Day
Aug 6 – Atomic Bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Sept 2 – VJ Day