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Variability Variation within a species is called variability. Main Idea!! Why do you think there is variability within all species? What purpose do these differences serve? Natural Selection • Natural Selection occurs when the environment “selects” which individuals will survive long enough to reproduce. • This is another way that affects the survival of a species. Antibiotic resistant bacteria • This is the ability of bacteria to survive an attack by an antibiotic and is an excellent example of natural selection at work. Bacteria that develop a mutation that allows them to survive an antibiotic will live long enough to reproduce and so spread the 'survival' gene to subsequent generations. Those bacteria with this gene will survive and become more numerous in the bacterial population.