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Chapter 9.2 Questions/Study Guide Nationalism & Sectionalism Vocabulary a. Nationalism – feelings of pride and loyalty to a nation b. American System – a series of measures intended to make the United States economically self-sufficient (to avoid situations like the one leading to War of 1812) c. Sectionalism – disagreements between the different regions (North, West, South) 1. What was the Era of Good Feelings? From 1815-1825, an era of peace, pride and progress in the United States (only one political party existed – the Democratic-Republicans, as Federalist opposition to the War of 1812 ended that party) 2. Describe – What positions did Henry Clay and Daniel Webster take in the Congressional debates on the American System? Clay – supported it as a national improvement Webster – opposed it as more beneficial to one region of the nation (North) 3. How did the War of 1812 affect the U. S. economy? Economy grew as amount of lands and resources increased Desire to become self-sufficient, to avoid getting involved in other nation’s conflicts by trading with them, led to a desire to improve US transportation and manufacturing within the US (part of Clay’s American System) 4. Analyze – explain the issues behind the decisions and the importance of the Supreme Court cases McCullough v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden? How did they affect life in the United States? McCulloch v. Maryland – McCulloch sued Maryland over the national bank; John Marshall’s Supreme court reinforced federal power (said use of the elastic clause to create the national bank was OK and a state can’t tax a federal institution) Gibbons v. Ogden – Gibbons sued Ogden over made movement of goods cheaper and easier (John Marshall’s Supreme Court reinforced federal power over interstate trade) 5. Predict – How would transportation improvements eventually aid the grown and stability of the U. S. economy? Made movement of goods cheaper, easier 6. RECALL – What role did Henry Clay play in the debate over Missouri’s statehood? Proposed the Missouri Compromise a. Read Henry Clay’s biography on P. 305a. Why did he work for compromises between regions? Wanted to ease sectional tensions 7. What problem did Missouri’s request for statehood cause? Threatened to upset the balance of power between the free states and slave state in the Senate Missouri Compromise: a. Maine would enter as a free state, separating from Massachusetts b. Missouri would enter as a slave state c. Slavery would be outlaws in the Louisiana Territory north of the 36°30’N latitude line 8. Elaborate – Was the Missouri Compromise a good solution to the debate between free states and slave states? Explain! 9. Identify: Who were the candidates in the presidential election of 1824? How was the winner determined? Andrew Jackson ran against John Quincy Adams (son of John Adams); there was no winner in the electoral college, so the House of Representative chose the winner – John Quincy Adams 10. Draw Conclusions: Why did John Quincy Adams lose popular support following the election of 1824? Jackson had more of the people’s votes (popular vote), so there was suspicion of a corrupt bargain in the election Andrew Jackson won the popular vote. John Quincy Adams became President. The American System: Protective Tariff would protect developing industries from foreign competition by raising the price of imported manufactured goods from other countries see chart on p. 303 Internal Improvements road, canals, and other transportation projects would stimulate trade - would help manufacturers get raw materials to factories and move finished products to markets to sell would help move agricultural products faster would unite the country National Bank would control inflation (rising prices due to drop in value of money) and lend money to help build industries South and West didn’t like it; felt it benefited the North more than them Eventually, sectional differences over tariffs, slavery and the national bank would end the Era of Good Feelings