Download Fitness Components

KEY STAGE 3 PE THEORY REVISION
BLOCK 1 - FITNESS
Functions (jobs) of the Skeleton
1. Protection – protects major organs in the body
(eg; cranium protects the brain)
2. Shape - gives shape to the body and makes you tall or short.
3. Support - holds your vital organs in place when playing sport.
(eg; the vertebral column holds the body upright)
4. Movement - muscles are attached to bones. When the
muscles contract the bones move.
5. Blood production - red blood cells (which carry oxygen) and
white blood cells (which protect against infection) are produced
in the bone marrow of some bones.
The Skeleton
Cranium
Humerus
Rib Cage
Vertebrae
Ulna
Radius
Pelvis
Femur
Patella
Fibula
Tibia
The muscles attach to bones
and their main job is to create movement
Muscles require oxygen to help create energy for movement
Major Muscles
Pectorals
Deltoid
Triceps
Biceps
Abdominals
Quadriceps
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
Note: The heart is also a muscle!
The Cardiovascular System
The 3 parts of the CV System are:



The heart
Blood
Blood Vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries)
How does oxygen get to the muscles..???
- When we breathe in, oxygen is absorbed into the blood in the lungs.
- Oxygenated blood returns to the heart and is pumped around the body to
muscles
- Carbon Dioxide is the main gas that is exhaled when we breathe out
Fitness Components
Being fit is not just about how fast you can run or for how long or how
much weight you can lift or how many times you can lift it.
Fitness is actually all of these things, and more.
To be truly fit and able to live healthily and deal with the rigors of an
active life, you need to be fit in several areas.
It is these different areas, or components, that make up the sum total
of physical fitness.
The components of fitness can be divided into 2 main areas:
1. Physical fitness components
2. Skill-related fitness components
Physical Fitness Components
Physical related fitness components are useful to sports people and
depending on which components we are stronger in will usually
determine which sports we are stronger at.
Body composition
Muscular strength
Speed
Aerobic endurance
Muscular endurance
Flexibility
Physical Fitness
Component
Definition
Aerobic
endurance
The ability to exercise your whole body for a
long time
EG; marathon runner
Muscular
endurance
The ability of the muscular system to work
efficiently over time
EG; tennis player
Flexibility
Speed
Having a good range of movement at all the
joints in the body
EG; gymnast
How fast something is
The equation for speed is;
Speed = Distance ÷ Time
EG; 100m sprinter
Muscular
strength
The maximum strength generated by a
muscle/muscle group
EG; weightlifter
Body
composition
The ratio of fat mass to fat-free mass in the body
EG; Sumo wrestler = Higher fat mass
Skill-related Fitness Components
Skill-related fitness components are essential for success in sport and
an athlete might train a specific area to improve their chances in
competition.
Reaction time
Agility
Power
Balance
Coordination
Skill-related
Fitness
Component
Agility
Definition
The ability to change direction quickly
without losing balance and control
Balance
The ability to maintain centre of mass over a base of
support
Coordination
The smooth movements needed to perform actions
efficiently and accurately
Power
The product of strength and speed
Reaction time
The time it takes to respond to a stimulus