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World War II – Historical Context The Cay A Cay is a small island made of coral and sand- mostly found the Caribbean What do you already know? 1. What was WWII? • A global war that in terms of lives lost and material destruction was the ______ devastating war in human history. 2. Which countries were involved? Main Allied Powers Great Britain (Churchill) United States Soviet Union China ____________ Main Axis Powers o ______________ (Hitler) o Italy o Japan 3. What caused WWII? • Since Germany lost in World War I, they had to make _________________ to other countries and lost territory. • The Great Depression of the 1930s caused many people to suffer and look for leadership • A military dictator took over Germany • The League of Nations failed to keep the ____________________ 4. When did WWII begin? •In 1939, Germany invaded Poland. The _________________ declared war on Germany. 5. Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbour? • In 1941, the US banned exports of _________ and _________ to Japan because they invaded Indochina. They wanted the resources on these islands (petroleum) and to set up a defensive perimeter. • Japan felt threatened by the _____________________, based at Pearl Harbour in Hawaii. They surprise attacked it on December 7, 1941 and sank 4 battleships. 6. How did the US respond to Japan’s attack? • Throughout the war, the U.S. and British governments maintained a massive project to develop __________________________. • President Harry S. Truman decided to allow the bombs to be dropped because he believed they might save thousands of American lives. • They were used in quick succession, one over Hiroshima and the other over Nagasaki. • U.S. estimates put the number killed in Hiroshima at 100,000 but Japanese estimates gave a total of 240,000. 7. What was the Holocaust? • It was the almost complete destruction of Jews in Europe by the German Nazis • They were deported into ________________________ • German ______________ and Italian submarines tried to disrupt the Allied supply of oil through the Caribbean. • Oil was carried on large ships called tankers SS Ulysses What was the Battle of the Caribbean? • The Italians had blocked oil from the Middle East so the Allies would send oil from Venezuela • Aruba had the largest oil refinery in the world • ___________ had another large refinery The Cay is set in Curacao 9. When did WWII end? • September 2, ___________ is considered the official end. Germany and Japan had surrendered.