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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND LTD
Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio
Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Marko Palola
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Oulu, Finland
Marko Höyhtyä1, Pekka Aho1, Miia Mustonen1, Tero Kippola2, Marjo Heikkilä2, Seppo Yrjölä3,
Vesa Hartikainen3, Lucia Tudose3, Arto Kivinen4, Reijo Ekman4, Juhani Hallio4, Jarkko Paavola4,
Marko Mäkeläinen5, and Tuomo Hänninen5
CORE++ Cognitive Radio Trial Environment Project
http://core.willab.fi
Part of the Tekes 5thGear programme and 5GTNF
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Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio
Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Marko Palola, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Oulu, Finland
Contents
1) Introduction
2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)
3) Field trial
4) Performance results
5) Conclusions
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio
Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
§ A field trial of spectrum access system (SAS) based Citizens Broadband
Radio Service (CBRS) in the 3.5 GHz band is presented
§ Live LTE-A test network in Finland is used with commercial base stations,
LTE Core and Network Management System.
§ Performance measurements carried out
§ Performance analysis of field trial is presented
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio
Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Research motivation
§ On-going standardization and implementation of the specification
§ Can we implement SAS using commercially available mobile networks and
equipment?
§ Does the real system meet the set time limits when using commercially
available mobile networks and equipment?
§ How long it takes to set up LTE-A mobile broadband using dynamical
spectrum?
§ Are there some ways to speed up the process?
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Field Trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio
Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Contents
1) Introduction
2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)
3) Field trial
4) Performance results
5) Conclusions
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Spectrum Access System (SAS)
§ Part of Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) for shared wireless
broadband use of the 3.5 GHz band, an U.S. standard
§ Allows dynamic 3-tier sharing in an area
§ Incumbent, Priority Access License, General Authorized Access
§ Environmental Sensing Capability (ESC) and database based
operation
§ On-going activities by the FCC and the Wireless Innovation Forum.
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing
§ Incumbents protected from interference
§ PA users protected from interference
§ GAAs are not protected
§ Band divided to channels, 10MHz each
§ GAAs have dedicated channel
§ PAL channels available to GAAs if idle
§ Primary user activity takes 2 channels
Field trial uses 3550-3590MHz, four
10MHz channels 3+1 configuration
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Reference Architecture
SAS in an area
• Determines available frequencies
• Assigns them to different CBSDs
• Sets transmission power limits
Domain Proxy
• Manages multiple CBSDs
• Allows legacy systems to connect
Individual CBSD
• Access SAS for shared spectrum
Environmental Sensing Capability
• Detects primary user activity
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio
Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Contents
1) Introduction
2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)
3) Field trial
4) Performance results
5) Conclusions
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Field trial: Architecture
CORE++ http://core.willab.fi/
CORE++ has setup a
unique live LTE test
network with commercial
4G/LTE-A
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Field trial: Architecture
CORE++ http://core.willab.fi/
1) ESC determines availability of shared
spectrum based on collected occupancy
information (frequency, bandwidth, power)
2) SAS Repository gathers data about
spectrum use and base stations.
3) Domain Proxy and stand-alone base
station connect to CBSD Manager for
shared spectrum access (REST API).
4) SAS Algorithm for channel allocations
and optimizations
5) DP uses NMS to configure the base
stations (PA, GAA) accordingly.
6) Stand-alone base station (CBSD-3)
provides self-management.
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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CORE++ http://core.willab.fi/
Field trial: Radar Sensing System
Radar signal was generated
§ Pulse repetition frequency 1 kHz
§ Pulse width 0.9 µs
§ Antenna scan rate 15 RPM
§ Antenna beam width 1.8 degrees
A spectrum sensing device is used to
collect the occupancy data.
§ frequency resolution of 19.531 kHz
§ Occupancy scan every 45 seconds.
§ Signal detection level used -90 dBm
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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CORE++ http://core.willab.fi/
Field trial: LTE 3.5 GHz network
Three commercially available Flexi
Multiradio time-division 3GPP Release
10 (TD)-LTE 3.5 GHz base stations
§ 3GPP band 42 (3.4–3.6 GHz)
§ Configured to indoor usage, low
power
LTE management system
LTE core network
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio
Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Contents
1) Introduction
2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)
3) Field trial
4) Performance results
5) Conclusions
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Performance results : Channel Evacuation
ESC
SAS
CBSD/DP
Heartbeat Request
ESC Alert
SAS
performs
channel
optimisation
assessment
Heartbeat Response
Heartbeat duration
expires; Reset
Heartbeat duration timer
§ ESC detects a channel not
available
Waiting for
Heartbeat
Heartbeat Request
Heartbeat Response
(new operational
parameters)
Relinquish Request
§ Grant to SAS band is given to
CBSD, CBSD reports using a
heartbeat request.
Heartbeat duration
expires; Reset
Heartbeat duration timer
Band
evacuation and
reconfiguration
of base stations
§ SAS decides to deny the grant
§ CBSD gets info on next heartbeat
response.
§ CBSD reports channel is freed
Relinquish Response
Spectrum inquiry request
SAS
Field trial of theperforms
3.5 GHz CBRS
channel Spectrum inquiry response
Governed by aavailability
Spectrum
Access System
(SAS)
assessment
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Grant Request
SAS
continues
resource
optimisation
Grant Response
Heartbeat Request
Operation continues
with new operational
parameters
Performance results : Reconfiguration time
§ CBSD/DP is requesting a new
channel from SAS by placing a
Grant Request
§ SAS approves or denies the
response
§ Optional spectrum inquiry to check
availability of channels
§ CBSD responds with Heartbeats to
indicate transmission attempt
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Performance results : Measurement points
Td
Evacuation time Te
T0
T1
T2
T3
T4
Radar sensed to
appear
ESC combines
sensor information
and generates an
ESC Alert
CBSD Manager
sends relevant
information to SAS
algorithm
SAS algorithm
optimizes the band
allocations
Domain proxy sends
commands to NMS
according to SAS
algorithm responses
Te
Frequency change time Tw
T5
T6
T7
T8
T9
NMS begins
configuration of
CBSD
Band is cleared,
CBSDs no more
operating in the band
Grant request is sent
to SAS
SAS algorithm
determines suitable
band and radio
parameters for
operation
Grant response is
sent to CBSDs
Tw
T10
Heartbeat
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
Transmission Td
T11
NMS begins
configuration of CBSD
T12
Operation continues
in a new band
T13
Heartbeat
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Performance results : Evacuation perf. results
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Performance results : Reconfiguration time, the results
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Field trial of the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio
Service Governed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)
Contents
1) Introduction
2) Spectrum Access System (SAS)
3) Field trial
4) Performance results
5) Conclusions
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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Conclusions
Analyzed time domain operation in a practical SAS based CBRS system
§ The most time-consuming phases in the evacuation and reconfiguration
process are base station configuration: locking/unlocking/changing freq
FCC operational rules were met in the field trial
§ Evacuation is confirmed within 300 seconds from detection of incumbent
§ CBSD/DPs must comply with SAS commands within 60 seconds
Improvements (up-to 70%): support fast on-air frequency changes.
Large scale : NMS emergency plans to evacuate large networks
Field trial of the 3.5 GHz CBRS
Governed by a Spectrum
Access System (SAS)
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND LTD
The First End-to-End Live Trial of
CBRS with Carrier Aggregation Using
3.5 GHz LTE Equipment
For further information, please visit
the CORE++ project website:
http://core.willab.fi
Project Manager: [email protected]