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Unit 4 Test
Multiple Choice
Circle the letter that best answers the question.
1. Earth’s outer layer is the
a) mantle
b) crust
c) core
d) dirt
2. When the edges of two plates slide alongside each other, the result is a
a) diverging boundary
b) converging boundary
c) transform boundary
d) none of the above
3. The way the surface of a mineral looks in the light is called
a) colour
b) lustre
c) streak
d) hardness
4. Rock that forms from hot molten rock (called magma) is called
a) sedimentary rock
b) igneous rock
c) lava rock
d) metamorphic rock
5. When a rock is broken apart by physical forces, it is called
a) chemical weathering
b) biological weathering
c) natural weathering
d) mechanical weathering
6. The movement of rock materials by water, wind, or ice is called
a) sediment
b) deposition
c) strata
d) erosion
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7. Soil zones in Saskatchewan are partly the result of
a) huge glaciers
b) grazing animals
c) housing developments
d) natural resources
8. The spaces between the components of soil are called
a) holes
b) pores
c) openings
d) gaps
9. Potash is mined by
a) strip mining
b) open-pit mining
c) underground mining
d) all of the above
10. The first place that rocks break below the surface in an earthquake is called the
a) focus
b) epicentre
c) fault
d) quake
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Matching
Match the term on the left with the description on the right.
Vocabulary Term
Description
11. mineral
a) understanding of nature that has been collected, lived,
and experienced for thousands of years
12. Precambrian
b) large, broken pieces of the lithosphere
Shield
13. petroglyphs
c) ancient rock paintings and carvings
14. metamorphic
d) a shaking of Earth caused by a sudden breaking of
large blocks of rock in Earth’s crust
15. Richter scale
e) a pure substance that forms naturally as a solid in
Earth
16. place-based
f) the most stable rock in Canada
knowledge
17. Mercalli scale
g) measures the intensity of an earthquake
18. faults
h) made up of two Greek words that mean “change” and
“shape”
19. plates
i) measures the magnitude of an earthquake
20. earthquake
j) cracks in Earth’s crust where movement occurs
Short Answer
21. Draw and label a diagram to show Earth’s layers. Be sure to include the name and depth of
each layer.
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22. A pot of boiling water on a heating element can be used to represent or model the
convection currents that move in Earth’s interior. What does:
a) the water in the pot represent
b) the heating element represent?
23. Choose any three of the following words and explain how each is related to earthquakes:
focus, epicentre, fault, seismic waves, seismograph, Richter scale, Mercalli scale
24. What are the five minerals that are found in almost all rocks?
25. Using your own words, complete the following sentences:
a) Igneous rocks form when ...
b) Sedimentary rocks form when ...
c) Metamorphic rocks form when ...
26. The rock cycle is an example of recycling rocks. On a separate piece of paper, draw a
diagram to show the rock cycle, including correct labels and processes that are taking
place.
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27. How does core sampling help geologists?
28. Explain the connection between weathering and erosion.
29. List the soil zones found in Saskatchewan.
30. What types of materials could be mined or are currently mined in Saskatchewan?
31. Why is the Precambrian Shield so rich in minerals?
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32. Choose three of the soil zones you listed in question 9. Based on the characteristics of the
soil found in those zones, what would you expect to find growing in that type of soil?
33. A chemical plant in your community will be torn down and the land will be turned into a
park. What problems with the soil might need to be fixed before it can support trees, plants,
and animals?
34. Soil conservation is important to all of us. However, many people are not aware of its
importance. Explain what you would say to convince an audience of the importance of soil
conservation.
35. Describe four properties of minerals that are used for identification. How is each different?
Saskatchewan Science 7
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Canada Inc.
The right to reproduce this page is restricted to
the purchasing school.