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Unit 5
IMPORTANT EMPIRES I
Important Empires I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Map
Timeline
Gupta Empire
Tang Dynasty
Byzantine Empire
Muslim Empire
Map
Timeline
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Gupta Empire
Tang Dynasty
Byzantine Empire
Muslim Empire
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Two Important Terms
1. Empire: A civilization that takes over other
territories and unites them under one ruler
2. Golden Age: A time of peace and prosperity
Gupta Empire
India’s Golden
Age:
-Came during the
Gupta Empire
-Chandra Gupta
started the empire
-Golden Age: A
time in a culture’s
history where there
is peace and
prosperity, there
are many great
cultural
contributions
Gupta Contributions to Our Society
1.
Decimal System
1.
Arabic Numerals {1,2,3,4,5,……………………..}
2. Concept of Zero -
Tang Dynasty
1. Influence on Japan and
Korea:
- Much of Japanese and
Korean culture was borrowed
from the Chinese during the
Tang Dynasty
- Buddhism
- Writing System
- Confucianism: “5
Relationships”
- Respect for nature
The Silk Road
 Helped the Dynasty extend Westward
 Connected China with western cultures (Muslim and
Byzantine Empires)
Tang Contributions to Our Society
1.
Gunpowder
2. Porcelain
3. Compass
4. Spinning Wheel
5. Mechanical Clock
6. Block Printing
Byzantine Empire
Created: It was the Eastern Half of the Old Roman Empire
How the Byzantine Empire Compared with the Roman Empire
Capital
Holy
Roman
Empire
Byzantine
Rome
Constantinople
Religion
Roman
Catholic
(Christian)
Eastern
(Greek)
Orthodox
(Christian)
Language
Other Information
-The Western Half of the
old Roman Empire
Latin
-Fell into the “Dark
Ages”
-The Eastern Half of the
Old Roman Empire
Greek
-Grew strong and lasted
1,000 years
Impact on
Russia
Religion: Eastern
Orthodox spread to Russia
(known as Russian
Orthodox)
Trade: Many Byzantine
ideas were introduced into
Russia
1.
Cyrillic Alphabet
2.
Religion
3.
Art Work (Mosaic)
4.
Architecture
Contributions to Our Society
Justinian’s Code:
- The laws of the Byzantine Empire based on the “Twelve Tables” of
Roman law, became a basis for laws in many European nations
- Thousands of laws
- More modern law code
Art and Architecture:
- Usually supported the Christian Church
Preservers of Greek and Roman culture:
- The Byzantine Empire saved the
knowledge, art, and ideas of the old Roman
and Greek cultures
- “Classical” culture
Reasons why the Empire lasted so
long
1. Organized Government
2. Did not get to be too big
3. Minded their own business
Muslim Empire
How it Spread:
Origin: Out of Mecca, east to India,
west across North Africa and on
into Spain
Growth: to spread Islam to other
people
1. Military conquest – took about
100 years to expand the empire
- They were great fighters,
if they died in battle, they
believed they would go directly to
heaven (Jihad)
- They treated conquered
people fairly – better than
previous rulers
Battle of Tours: (732 CE)
1. In Southern France
2. The French Christians, under
Charles Martel, defeated the
Muslims and stopped their
advance in Europe
Golden Age: (700-900 CE)
1. A time of great learning and
cultural diffusion
Contributions to Our Society
Mathematics
 Spread Gupta math ideas
 Created Algebra and Trigonometry
Astronomy
-Learned from Greek ideas
-Study of the stars; created
astronomical tables
Contributions continued…..
Medicine
Islamic Law
 Created Hospitals
 Based on Islamic religious laws in
 Wrote medical textbooks
the Qu’ran
 Became the basis for political laws
in the empire
 Doctors required to pass exams to
practice medicine
Contributions continued…
Architecture
Banking
 Influenced by Byzantine and
 Used Money
Indian styles
 Allowed credit (money borrowing)
to be used
Preservers of the Greek and Roman culture
 Preserved the Roman and Greek ideas that they got
from their contacts with the Byzantine Empire
 Preserved them
 They improved upon them (i.e. translated Roman
writings, etc…)
Essential Questions
1.
What would be the most influential contributions from
these Empires?
A.) Technology: mechanical clock, gunpowder, block printing,
compass
B.) Learning: mathematics, science, medicine, preservation of
Greek and Roman culture by the Muslim and Byzantine Empires
C.) Laws: Justinian’s Code
2.
Why did the Muslim Empire become the most influential
on European culture?
- Their geographic nearness to Europe (they were centrally
located among these empires and the Muslims shared the ideas
they obtained from other cultures with Europeans)
- Great traders with Europe
- The Crusades