Download AP WORLD HISTORY GUIDED READINGS UNIT 1: 8000BCE

AP WORLD HISTORY
GUIDED READINGS
UNIT 1: 8000BCE-600BCE
As you read each chapter, answer the core questions within this packet. You should also define
vocabulary words listed in the Key Terms packet.
When finished with the chapter, go online to the companion website for the textbook The
Earth and Its Peoples. Be aware that the chapter numbers are not aligned directly with the
numbers in our books, as the online version is a different edition. Furthermore, some of the
links for the Internet Exercises in each chapter are broken. Most of the broken links are revised
within this packet, so if that is noted, open the PDF of this packet online and access the links
that way. You can also usually find the page the book’s website was intending to redirect to
through a Google search.
All chapters require answering the core questions within this packet as well as the online
multiple choice questions. Almost all chapters also require an extension activity to be
completed, as indicated following the core questions.
Chapter questions are due by class time on the dates indicated here:
Chapter 1: ____________________________
Chapter 2: ____________________________
Chapter 3: ____________________________
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AP World History Guided Reading:
Before Civilization
1.
2.
3.
Where were the earliest complex societies?
a. Mesopotamia
b. Egypt
c. Pakistan
d. Northern China
e. All of the above
To what year does the Epic of Gilgamesh date?
a. 5000BCE
b. 2000BCE
c. 0CE
What are the 8 characteristics of a civilization?
Chapter 1
9.
Which of these describes clothing worn by early humans?
Check all that apply.
a. Animal skins
b. Close-fitting garments
c. Sewn with vegetable fibers & rawhide
d. Loose-fitting garments
10. In what ways did Neolithic people manipulate or adapt to
their environment?
Agricultural Revolutions
11. Why is the transition to agriculture marked as a turning
point in history?
4.
List 3 things that are part of culture.
5.
What is the date range for the Stone Age?
a. 2 million years ago – 4,000 years ago
b. 2 million years ago – 2,000 years ago
c. 4,000 years ago – 2,000 years ago
Which Age was associated with agriculture?
a. Stone
b. Paleolithic
c. Neolithic
What were the responsibilities of Ice Age women?
6.
7.
12. What types of tools aided the Agricultural Revolution?
13. Where did the transition to agriculture begin?
a. Eastern Asia
b. Nile River Valley
c. Middle East
14. What role did women play in the Agricultural Revolution?
15. What was the first domesticated animal?
a. Cow
b. Sheep
c. Dog
16. What animals were domesticated in the Eastern
Hemisphere?
8.
Why do foragers live in small bands?
17. What animals were domesticated in the Western
Hemisphere?
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18. What was the most common in arid parts of Africa and
Central Asia?
a. Farming
b. Foraging
c. Pastoralism
19. What is the most accepted reason for why the
Agricultural Revolution occurred?
Life in Neolithic Communities
20. What were the detrimental parts of agriculture for early
farmers?
21. What was a factor in why farming replaced foraging?
a. Higher survival rates
b. Preferable community lifestyle
c. Gradual infiltration
22. What was the foundation of social structure in Neolithic
farming communities?
23. Write one example of an early society’s religious beliefs
reflecting nature.
24. What town was located on the west bank of the Jordan
River?
a. Catal Huyuk
b. Jericho
c. Babylon
25. What was unique about homes in Catal Huyuk?
Mesopotamia
26. Why did Mesopotamians use irrigation rather than
natural spring floods to make their lands fertile for
agriculture?
27. What group populated southern Mesopotamia by
5000BCE?
a. Sumerians
b. Shi’ites
c. Babylonians
28. What cultures did Sumerians interact with, as
documented by historical evidence?
29. Describe the government hierarchy from city-states to
towns.
30. Who played prominent political and economic roles in
early communities?
a. Farmers
b. Merchants
c. Priests
31. What was the system of writing in Mesopotamia?
a. Hieroglyphics
b. Akkadian
c. Cuneiform
32. What Babylonian leader launched military campaigns to
gain territory and installed a famous law code?
a. Amorites
b. Sargon
c. Hammurabi
33. What were the three social divisions in Babylon, which
can be used as a comparison to other early civilizations?
34. Sumerian gods embodied:
a. Animals
b. Forces of nature
c. Ancestors
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35. What were large temples called in Mesopotamia?
a. Pyramids
b. Ziggurats
c. Churches
36. What metals did Mesopotamians work with and what did
they make?
37. What military technology was imported from Asia?
a. Cavalry
b. Horse-drawn chariots
c. Compound bows
Egypt & Indus Valley
38. Why were Egyptians able to rely on the Nile for their
agriculture?
a. Floods were violent and unpredictable
b. Floods occurred regularly each year to fertilize
the land
c. The ebb and flow of successful regimes is linked
to Nile floods
39. In what ways did Egyptians utilize their environment?
40. What was the relationship of Egyptians with their gods?
41. Which city was capital during the Old Kingdom?
a. Cairo
b. Memphis
c. Thebes
42. What city was capital during the Middle and New
Kingdom periods?
a. Memphis
b. Cairo
c. Thebes
43. What was the writing form of Egyptians?
a. Cuneiform
b. Hieroglyphics
c. Papyrus
44. How was the distribution of the Egyptian population
different from Mesopotamians?
a. More Egyptians lived in rural villages & engaged
in agriculture
b. Towns were more crucial in Egypt to the
economy than in Mesopotamia
c. Egyptians found wealth from trade, while
Mesopotamians found wealth from agriculture
45. Which civilization experienced more invasions and
cultural influx: Mesopotamia or Egypt?
46. With what civilization were Egyptians interested in
trading, and sometimes claimed as part of their empire?
a. Babylon
b. Nubia
c. Punt
47. What are the two major cities from the Indus Valley
civilization?
48. In what way are metal artifacts found in the Indus Valley
different from those found in Mesopotamia and Egypt?
49. What caused the Indus Valley people to abandon their
cities around 1900BCE?
a. Invaders destroyed cities
b. Systems failure
c. Ecological failures
50. What was the dominant political form in both Egypt and
Mesopotamia?
Core Concepts
1. How have changes in the environment influenced the physical development of the human species?
2. What effects did the agricultural revolutions have on Neolithic societies?
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3.
Explain how the earliest civilizations developed in challenging environments.
4. Draw connections between the organization of labor resources in early civilizations and their social and political
structures.
5. Trace the development of social and political institutions and religious beliefs in river-valley civilizations and
understand the relationship between these institutions and beliefs and their experiences with the natural
environment.
Extensions: Complete these two activities online with the Student Companion for The Earth and Its Peoples.
 ACE Practice Tests – Chapter 2 – email to [email protected] or print your results & bring to class.
 Internet Exercises – Chapter 2 – Activity 1:
It is extremely important throughout your global
history course to understand the geographical context
of what you are studying. Although the three
civilizations you have examined in this chapter were
very different, they shared many geographical
characteristics.
In addition to their locations in major river valleys,
what else did ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the
Indus River Valley have in common?
Were they located at similar longitudes?
Does this suggest that they shared similar climates and vegetation?
With what bodies of water did they have contact?
Was it possible for them to trade with each other or with other peoples?
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APWH Guided Readings
Early China
1.
Chapter 2
7.
What are the similarities between early civilizations
(Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Valley, Shang & Zhou
Dynasties)?
8.
9.
2.
What tasks did Chinese have to undertake in order to
make their land suitable for intensive agriculture?
Leader Wu of the Zhou dynasty used what idea to
legitimize his rule?
a. Divine Right
b. Mandate of Heaven
c. Ancestor Worship
Why is the structure of Zhou governance referred to as
“feudal?”
What factors facilitated the decline of the Zhou dynasty?
10. What did Confucius emphasize in his philosophy?
11. What was the major objective of Daoism?
12. How are Confucianism and Daoism different?
3.
4.
5.
6.
With what dynasty does Chinese history begin?
a. Zhou
b. Shang
c. Ming
Which of these is false about the Shang dynasty?
a. The writing system had several hundred
characters
b. Only a small number of people in the court used
the writing system
c. The Supreme god was Di
d. Gods remained as myths, not intervening in
human affairs
What people were at the top of Chinese social hierarchy
in the Shang period?
When did the Zhou overthrow the Shang?
13. Why are males perceived as dominant over females in
Chinese culture?
14. What name has been given to the period between 481221BCE?
a. Autumn Period
b. Qin Era
c. Warring States Period
15. What was the foundation of Legalist thought in Qin
China?
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Nubia
16. What were the causes of the rise of Nubia as a
civilization?
22. What group performed religious, judicial, and
educational functions?
a. Druids
b. Warriors
c. Romans
23. How were Celtic women different from other early
women you’ve learned about so far?
24. How was Celtic religious worship different from other
early religions?
17. During what times did Egypt dominate Nubia?
18. During what time did kings of Nubia rule all of Egypt?
Early American Civilizations
25. How did humans get to the Western Hemisphere?
19. Describe the role of women in politics in Meroe.
26. In what ways did Mesoamericans manipulate and adapt
to their environment?
27. True or False: Kings combined religious and secular roles
in Olmec civilization.
Celtic Europe
20. What areas were populated by Celtic peoples?
28. What did the Olmec elite use to control their society?
a. Codex of laws
b. Religious rituals
c. Taxation
29. What commonalities exist between the Olmec and all
subsequent Mesoamerican civilizations?
21. What were the class divisions of Celtic society?
30. What was the most important religious symbol of the
Chavin?
a. Eagle-man
b. Jaguar-man
c. Cat-woman
Core Concepts
1.
Describe the response of the peoples of early China, Nubia, Celtic Europe, and Central America to the challenges of their
environments.
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2.
Explain the basis of power, status, and wealth in each of the societies treated in this chapter.
3.
Discuss the influence of older cultural centers on the development of Nubian and Celtic society.
4.
Analyze change over time in China, Nubia, Celtic Europe, and Central America in terms of the significance of their varying
environments;
Extensions: Complete these two activities online with the Student Companion for The Earth and Its Peoples.
 ACE Practice Tests – Chapter 3 – email to [email protected] or print your results & bring to class.
 Internet Exercises – Chapter 3 – Activity 3:
The Shang and Zhou Dynasties in China remained distant from the cosmopolitan Middle East during the late Bronze Age.
This allowed the Chinese to develop many important traditions that remained strong throughout Chinese history, even
during periods of sustained contact with other cultures and civilizations. One of these traditions was the Mandate of
Heaven or T'ien Ming. Review this concept at T'ien Ming: The Mandate of Heaven.
How did this belief help the Zhou dynasty enforce its rule during the late Bronze Age in China?
How did it promote stability and continuity in China's political system?
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APWH Guided Reading
Chapter 3
The Middle East
Aegean Civilizations
1.
12. What civilization was named for King Minos on Crete?
2.
3.
4.
5.
What metal replaced bronze in manufacturing tools and
weapons starting in the first millennium BCE?
a. Iron
b. Copper
c. Steel
What is late Bronze Age in the Middle East referred to as
due to its widely shared cultures and lifestyles?
a. Cultural
b. Cosmopolitan
c. Persia
What were the two political zones of Mesopotamia by
1500BCE?
What group ruled in Anatolia from 1700-1200BCE?
a. Ashur
b. Kassites
c. Hittites
What military advantage did the Hittites have?
13. What was the major palace of the Minoan civilization?
14. What was found in shaft graves at Mycenae during an
excavation in 1876?
15. What was the writing system of Mycenae?
a. Cuneiform
b. Hieroglyphics
c. Linear B
16. With what other civilizations did Mycenaeans trade?
Fall of Late Bronze Age Civilizations
New Kingdom Egypt
17. Around what year did Late Bronze Age civilizations fall?
6.
18. What were the factors causing the fall of Late Bronze Age
civilizations?
7.
What was the first foreign group to rule Egypt, beginning
c. 1640BCE?
a. Hittites
b. Assyrians
c. Hyksos
What were some military advantages the Hyksos had
over the Egyptians?
19. What Age did the world enter after the fall?
8.
What leaders expelled the Hyksos from Egypt and began
the New Kingdom around 1532BCE?
What pharaoh tried to install religious reform that put
Aten as the supreme deity?
a. Akhenaten
b. Hatshepsut
c. Ramsses II
10. What pharaoh is renowned for his building projects?
a. Ramessides
b. Ramesses II
c. Tutankhamen
11. With what groups did New Kingdom Egyptians trade?
Assyrian Empire
20. Describe the importance of religion in the Neo-Assyrian
Empire.
9.
21. How did the Assyrians build their empire militarily?
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22. How did the Assyrians maintain control over conquered
territories?
Phoenicia VS Carthage
27. What was the dominant Phoenician state?
a. Tyre
b. Carthage
c. Byblos
28. What was the Phoenician Triangle?
Israel
23. Where did Israelites settle?
24. Why did the loosely organized Israelite tribes unite under
a monarchy?
29. Describe the military prowess or composition of
Carthage.
25. What caused divisions among Israelite society?
30. Why did neighboring Greeks dislike Carthaginian
religion?
26. What was the Diaspora?
Core Concepts
1. What environmental, technological, political, and cultural factors that led societies in the Mediterranean and Middle
East to develop their distinctive institutions and values?
2. Identify the geographical locations and the fundamental characteristics and historical development of these
societies and understand the role of migrations in their development.
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3. Compare the structure and the goals and analyze the wider influence of the Assyrian and the Carthaginian empires.
4. Explain why some of these societies were destroyed or assimilated, while others survived.
Extensions: Complete these two activities online with the Student Companion for The Earth and Its Peoples.
 ACE Practice Tests – Chapter 4 – email to [email protected] or print your results & bring to class.
 Internet Exercises – Chapter 4 – Activity 4:
Jared Diamond offers an explanation as to why civilizations appeared in the Western Hemisphere much later than in the
Eastern Hemisphere in his book, Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies, which appeared in 1997. For an
interview with Diamond about his work, go to Online Newshour: "Guns, Germs, and Steel." Also read the brief interview
at Guns, Germs, and Steel: An interview with author Jared Diamond.
Explain Diamond's argument on why civilizations emerged in Eurasia earlier than the Americas, and why they evolved at
a more rapid pace:
What role did geography (particularly the East-West axis of Eurasia and the North-South axis of the Americas) play?
What about plant and animal evolution in each region?
Why does he argue that it was impossible for an indigenous civilization to emerge in places such as Australia?
Explain how the environmental changes between the Pleistocene and Holocene eras affected Homo sapiens.
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