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********Modeling: A Constructed Response KEY *******
Objective: Students will work in collaborative groups to apply science vocabulary to
constructed response paragraphs
Question 1:
Respiratory System: Discuss the process of gas exchange carried out by the respiratory
system.
Vocabulary: Alveoli, Diaphragm, Lungs, Oxygen, Carbon dioxide
STEP 1: AS A GROUP--Create a Chart to Define/Describe vocabulary terms:
TERM
Define
Connections
EXAMPLE
Alveoli
Air sacs in the lungs where gases are
exchanged; look like bunches of
grapes
Surrounded by blood vessels;
specialized to take oxygen out of air and
put into blood; pull carbon dioxide out of
the blood and remove by exhaling
Diaphragm
Dome-shaped muscle located beneath When diaphragm contracts, it moves
(under) the lungs
down and allows lungs to expand and
take in air
When diaphragm relaxes, it moves up
and the lungs exhale the air
Main organs of the respiratory system
located on left and right of the heart
Open/expand when diaphragm
contracts (inhale); close/shrink when
diaphragm relaxes (exhale)
Gas necessary for life and cell
processes (about 21% of air)
Inhaling brings oxygen-rich air into
lungs; alveoli push oxygen into
surrounding blood vessels to be carried
through the body
Waste gas, carbon dioxide diffuses out
of blood vessel and into alveoli for
removal by exhaling
Lungs
Oxygen
Waste gas made by working cells
Carbon dioxide
STEP 2: ON YOUR OWN PAPER (Each person writes) Use the vocabulary and the information
you wrote to help you construct a cohesive and meaningful response to the question/statement.
(1 point for each term used correctly in the paragraph)
(Review the question: Discuss the process of gas exchange carried out by the respiratory
system.)
NOW YOU ARE READY FOR PEER REVIEW (2X), EDITING YOUR RESPONSE, AND
SUBMITTING YOUR FINAL WRITING.
Question 2:
Circulatory System: The main purpose of the circulatory system is to transport oxygen-rich
blood to the body; explain how this is accomplished as the blood travels to and from the
heart.
Vocabulary: Atria, Ventricles, Arteries, Veins, Red blood cells
STEP 1: AS A GROUP--Create a Chart to Define/Describe vocabulary terms:
TERM
Atria
Define
Top two receiving chambers of
the heart
Connections
Right atrium—receives blood (no oxygen) from
the body by way of the inferior and superiod
vena cava
Left atrium—receives blood (oxygen rich) from
the lungs by way of the pulmonary vein
Bottom two pumping chambers
of the heart
Right ventricle—pumps blood (no oxygen)
through the pulmonary artery to the lungs
Left ventricle—pumps blood (oxygen rich)
through the aorta to the body
Blood vessels that carry oxygen
rich blood away from the heart
Major arteries include pulmonary artery and
aorta
Blood vessels that carry blood
back to the heart
Carry blood rich in carbon dioxide (waste), but
low in oxygen; connected to the arteries by the
tiny network of vessels called capillaries
Ventricles
Arteries
EXAMPLE
Veins
One of the four main
components of blood
Red blood cells
Responsible for transporting oxygen to cells
and organs of the body; contains protein called
hemoglobin that carries the oxygen
STEP 2: ON YOUR OWN PAPER (Each person writes) Use the vocabulary and the information
you wrote to help you construct a cohesive and meaningful response to the question/statement.
(1 point for each term used correctly in the paragraph)
(Review the question: Explain how the circulatory system transports oxygen-rich blood to the
body as the blood travels to and from the heart)
NOW YOU ARE READY FOR PEER REVIEW (2X), EDITING YOUR RESPONSE, AND
SUBMITTING YOUR FINAL WRITING.
Question 3:
Skeletal System: Bones provide support for the body, enable movement, and make new blood
cells; Discuss the features of the bones that allow them to accomplish these tasks.
Vocabulary: Joints, Compact bone, Spongy bone, Cartilage, Ligaments
STEP 1: AS A GROUP--Create a Chart to Define/Describe vocabulary terms:
TERM
Define
Joints
Place where two or more bones
meet
Connections
Movable: Hinge (elbow, knee), Ball and socket
(shoulder, hip), Pivot (neck, spine)
Immovable: not moving (skull, sacrum)
Hard, strong, supportive portion
of the inside of bones
Part of bones that makes them strong and
dense to support the weight of the body and
help maintain posture
Inside of long bones that looks
like sponge; contains marrow
(where blood cells are made)
Marrow is where blood cells are made for the
body (hematopoiesis)
Flexible connective tissue
outside the bones
Cushions the joints; helps reduce friction
between bones because it is slippery
Strong band of connective
tissue connecting bone to bone
Provides strong support for joints to support
movement
Compact bone
Spongy bone
EXAMPLE
Cartilage
Ligaments
STEP 2: ON YOUR OWN PAPER (Each person writes) Use the vocabulary and the information
you wrote to help you construct a cohesive and meaningful response to the question/statement.
(1 point for each term used correctly in the paragraph)
(Review the question: Discuss the features of the bones that allow them to provide support,
enable movement, and make new blood cells.)
NOW YOU ARE READY FOR PEER REVIEW (2X), EDITING YOUR RESPONSE, AND
SUBMITTING YOUR FINAL WRITING.
Question 4:
The Muscular System: Describe the three types of muscle tissues in the body. Discuss where
they are found, what jobs they perform, and any special features that make them unique.
Vocabulary: Cardiac muscle, Smooth muscle, Skeletal muscle, Striated, Tendons
STEP 1: AS A GROUP--Create a Chart to Define/Describe vocabulary terms:
TERM
Cardiac Muscle
Define
Muscle tissue found only in the
heart
Involuntary muscle
Has striations (stripes)
Does not get tired
Muscles that contract inner
organs
Involuntary muscle
No striations
Line walls of internal organs and tubes
(stomach, intestine)
Muscle used to move bones
(attached to bones)
Voluntary muscle
Attached to bone by tendon
Found in bundles
Tend to tire-out easily (when they run out of
ATP chemical energy = muscle fatigue)
Contract (tighten); pull not push to get
movement
Work in pairs—one relaxes, the other contracts
Ex: bicep contracts while triceps relaxes
Striped pattern comes from the sarcomeres
(contractile units) that make up the muscle
tissue; each sarcomere has alternating actin
and myosin protein fibers
Supports bones and joint to accomplish
movement
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
EXAMPLE
Striated
Connections
Striped appearance of skeletal
and cardiac muscles
Strong bands of tissue that
connect muscle to bone
Tendons
STEP 2: ON YOUR OWN PAPER (Each person writes) Use the vocabulary and the information
you wrote to help you construct a cohesive and meaningful response to the question/statement.
(1 point for each term used correctly in the paragraph)
(Review the question: Describe the three types of muscle tissues in the body. Discuss where they are found, what jobs they
perform, and any special features that make them unique
NOW YOU ARE READY FOR PEER REVIEW (2X), EDITING YOUR RESPONSE, AND SUBMITTING YOUR FINAL WRITING.