Download Energy: Conservation and Transfer

Energy:
Conservation and Transfer
Matter
• Anything that takes up space and has mass
Mass
• The amount of
matter in an object
• The gram is the
metric unit for mass
Physical Properties of Matter
Observable characteristics that
can change without changing
their chemical composition.
• Like the Commutative
property in math.
• Example: Shredded
paper, cut up fruit, lava
States of Matter
• Condensation
• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas
• Plasma
• Melting Point – The temperature at which solid matter turns to
liquid.
• Boiling Point – The temperature at which liquid matter
experiences the same pressure as the atmospheric pressure.
• Freezing Point – The temperature at which liquid matter turns to
solid.
Chemical Property
A change in matter that produces new substances.
Examples:
• Ability to burn
• Wood to ash
• Ability to rust/ react with oxygen
• Metal to rust
• Ability to form a new substance with chemical composition different
than the original substance.
• Digestion of food
Conduction
• Conduction is the transfer of heat from
one molecule to another through a
substance. Metals are considered good
conductors since they can speedily
transfer heat. Stone is also a moderately
good conductor, but wood, paper, air,
and cloth are poor heat conductors.
Convection
Transfer of heat from one place to
another by the movement of fluids or
gases.
Radiation
• The energy radiated by solids, liquids, and gases in the form of
electromagnetic waves as a result of their temperature.
Transfer
• to convey or remove from one object, place, person, etc., to another.
Electromagnetic Waves
• Electromagnetic waves are
formed when an electric field
(shown as blue arrows) couples
with a magnetic field (shown as
red arrows).
• When you listen to the radio,
watch TV, or cook dinner in a
microwave oven, you are using
electromagnetic waves.
Thermal Energy
Thermal energy is the energy of a
substance due to the movement of its
atoms or molecules. More the
molecules are moving about, the
higher the temperature.
Convection Cell
• Moving body of fluid due to the rise of heat and
fall (gravity) of cool gases until the heat is no
longer heated. (Ex. Current/cycle)
• Convection cells are responsible for making
macaroni rise and sink in a pot of boiling water.
One of the forces that contributes to lava
erupting from a volcano is convection.
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