Download Alternator

Tutorial: Physics
Topic: Alternator
Prepared by: RNDr. Ondřej Jeřábek
Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/04.0002
je spolufinancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.
Alternator
General information:
 Alternator is rotary electric machine
 Changes rotary energy ( kinetics energy ) or
mechanical energy to electric energy
 Output capacity is led to electrical system
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Alternator works on electrical induction
principle
Voltage is induced in conductor, if conductor
and magnetic field move to each other
Extent of induced voltage depends on
magnetic field rate and conductor movement
speed ( engine revolutions )
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Alternators are synchronous machines
According to their rotor’s type they further divide to:
With plain rotor- turbo-alternators – driving machine is
mostly steam turbine (in steam power plant) speed turns
3000 min-1, as network freqeuency 50 Hz
Low-acting alternators are driven by low-acting machine
(mostly by water turbine). Speed turn is whole number
ratio of 3000 min-1, as network frequency 50 Hz
It makes mechanically connected set with driving
machine. Driving machine and alternator are on the same
shaft.
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Alternator with rectifier is designed so that
accumulator is charged when combustion engine
runs idle
It is important advantage for city traffic
Accumulator durability charged by alternator with
rectifier is longer than accumulator durability
charged by dynamo
Alternator is excited directly of accumulator
immediately after ignition start
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Alternators produce electricity in the same way as
direct-current generators
Rotating magnet rotates – rotor inside stationary
fit windings on iron cores - stator
Electrical current is produced by rotor movement
caused by mechanic energy
There are mostly sets of stator windings in stator
that are moved round slight amount of 180°
Rotor magnetic field can be caused by induction
or permanent magnet
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Car alternator has the same construction as industrial
alternators
Car alternator produces 3- phase
electrical current
Alternating current must be rectified before entry to car
network
Diodes are used to rectifying of alternating current
Diodes are fixed to diode bridge
To limitation of voltage values , alternator output direct
current is controlled by Zener diode
Alternator advantage comparing with dynamo is mainly its
low weight
Find out alternator on the Internet:
a) Alternator´s rotor and stator
b) Find out on the Internet alternator wiring
diagram wired to electrical circuit
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Describe main alternator components that
you found out on the Internet
Describe and explain alternator wiring to
electrical circuit
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JAN,
JAN,
JAN,
JAN,
Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ;
Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ;
Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ;
Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ;
ČUPERA, Jiří
ČUPERA, Jiří
ČUPERA, Jiří
ČUPERA, Jiří
.
.
.
.
Automobily 1. Brno : Avid, 2004. 211 s.
Automobily 2. Brno : Avid, 2004. 120 s.
Automobily 3. Brno : Avid, 2004. 220 s.
Automobily 4. Brno : Avid, 2004. 350 s.
Translation:
 www.seznam.cz
 www.slovnik.cz
 JANATA, Petr. Handy slovník technický anglicko-český a česko-anglický. Plzeň:
Nakladatelství Fraus, 2000. ISBN 80-7238-075-3
 Lingea LEXIKON 5, Technický slovník anglicko-český a česko-anglický. 2010.