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Transcript
INDIAN CONTEMPORARY GREAT By: Ar. Anoop Kumar Sharma Assistant Professor- DoALD SMVDU Dr. Balkrishna Doshi, a Fellow of the Indian Institute of Architects was born in Pune in 1927. After initial study at the J J School of Architecture, Bombay, he worked for four years in India to supervise his projects in Ahmedabad. His office Vastu-Shilpa (environmental design) was established in 1955. The institute has done pioneering work in low cost housing and city planning. Dr. Doshi has been a member of the Jury for several international and national competitions including the Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts and Aga Khan Award for Architecture. He has been the first Director of School of Architecture, Ahmedabad (1962-72). The building profile will have natural light + air +movement + access elements against the sky to express the cosmic relationship. The building base will gradually widen towards the ground through platforms, terraces, and steps. The building mass will integrate roof, rainwater, cascades, water bodies, natural landscapes, gardens, foliage. Not all movements within the building will be symmetrical but will shift axis to give unexpected experiences and provide ambiguous / dual impressions. And finally Aesthetic considerations will take into account local symbolism, context, and associations. Casting of shadows, breaking of mass, rhythms in the structure, solids, voids, will be the mode of expression. ARCHITECTURE OF THE UNBUILT(ENERGIZINGVOIDS) THE ORDER OF HETEROGENEOUS HOMOGENEITY MYTH +FORM IMAGERY +PERCEPTION BUILT IN FLEXIBILITY AND OPEN ENDEDNESS OF DESIGN ENCOURAGING INTERACTION THROUGH BUILTFORM RESOURCE CONSERVATION PROJECT DETAILS Aranya Low Cost Housing Indore, Madhya Pradesh Client : Indore Development Authority Principal Architect : Balkrishna Doshi Project Associate : Mr. Himanshu Parikh Project Supervision : Departmental Engineers Structural Engineer: M/s Stein Doshi & Bhalla, New Delhi Project Engineers : Environmental Engineering Consultants, Bombay Total Built-up Area: 100,000 m2 Project Cost : Rs. 100 Million Aranya, 6 kilometers from Indore, eventually house a total population of 60,000 in 6500 dwellings, on a net planning area of 85 hectares. The master plan, prepared by the Vastu-Shilpa Foundation in 1983, is designed around a central spine comprising the business district. Six sectors, each with populations of 7000-12,000, lie to the east and west of the spine and are diagonally bisected by linear parks. Ten houses, each with a courtyard at the back, form a cluster that opens onto a street. Internal streets and squares are paved. Septic tanks are provided for each group of twenty houses, and electricity and water are available throughout. The site plan accommodates and integrates a variety of income groups. The poorest are located in the middle of each of the six sectors, while the better off obtain plots along the peripheries of each sector and the central spine. Payment schemes, and a series of site and service options, reflect the financial resources of this mixed community. Eighty demonstration houses, designed by architect Balkrishna V. Doshi, display a wide variety of possibilities, ranging from one room shelters to relatively spacious houses. The down payment is based on the average income of the family, the loan balance being paid in monthly installments. Brick, stone, and concrete are available locally, but owners are free to use any material they choose for house construction and decoration. The jury found Aranya to be an innovative sites-andservices project that is particularly noteworthy for its effort to integrate families within a range of poor-to-modest incomes. A total of 6,500 plot s was to be provide d. The idea was to mix some middle inc ome plots of about 475 m2 with those of the “Economically Weaker Section” (EW S), then to use profits to raise capital tow ards the developmen t of local trades. It w as obvious that a liv elihood must be gua ranteed within the se ttlement itself for the majority, otherwise th e project could not hope to work. Squatter settlements repeat some of the s patial layouts of villages but without the b eauty and lyricism of rural forms. In the In dore project a hierarchy of streets was su ggested which gradually diminished in size as they penetrated the different sectors The sole "architecture” provided by designers would be “sanitary cores” each comprising plumbing, wash room, kitchen plus a single room. These could then be extended as the inhabitants established themsel ves. It is hoped that the new community would ev entually generate building trades and then an upgr aded version of the informal urban vernacular woul d result. So far it is still too early to judge how the Indore project will turn out. Doshi seems to have followed in the footsteps of Japanese architect, Kunio Maekawa, who was also a disciple of Le Corbusier. At first he designed buildings with rough concrete exteriors and later in the second phase of his career, he paid more attention to interiors, using traditional materials. An intimate space unfolds by enclosing the courtyard; this is reminiscent of Rajput palaces. This is one of Doshi’s finest works, creating a rich environment for people. Architect: Balkrishna Doshi Location: Ahmedabad, Gujarat State Building Type: Research institute Construction System: concrete Climate: desert Context: urban Style: Modern Notes: Concrete vaults Doshi's architecture provides one of the most important models for modern Indian architecture. Mahatma Gandhi Labour Institute was established on 15th September, 1979 by the Government of Gujarat to provide for education, training, study and research in labour and related subjects. The institution is 'demonumentalised' to make it feel accessible to the public. The institute's activities flow freely into one another in a way that is deliberately ambiguous. The composition is distinguished by its studied contrast of regularity and irregularity. One enters at the first floor under a transversal vault which then feeds laterally into the various departments by means of a lofty interior gallery. The approach is along a diagonal which traverses the forecourt prior to mounting a shallow flight of steps flanked by a pool Courtyard. The Corridor below the vaulted roof. Hussain Doshi Gufa is an underground art gallery located in Ahmedabad that depicts the works of the famous Indian painter named M.F.Hussain. It has been designed by the famous architect B. V. Doshi. Thus, the art gallery has been named after the two eminent personalities, Hussain and Doshi. The gallery is more popularly known as Amdavad ni Gufa. It has been given the name Gufa, as its structural design resembles a cave The Hussain Doshi Gufa art gallery in Ahmedabad lies in the surrounding areas of the Center for Environmental Planning and Technology. This structure has been constructed using simple hand tools and that too by unskilled workers. The art gallery has been built on the basis of computer aided designs. Set adjacent to the CEPT University, this museum is one of a kind – the spaces are all underground with only the domed roof shells protruding above the ground level. The museum spaces, set below the ground contain no straight wall, a surprise when you consider that the function was to house Husain’s paintings...one enters the space through a staircase which is partly hidden, through a circular door and reaches the surreal cavern like space. PROJECT DETAILS NIFT Campus Nr. Gulmohar Park Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 Client, National Institute of Fashion Technology Principal Architect , Balkrishna Doshi , M/s Stein Doshi & Bhalla Project Associate , Laxman Patel, S.L.Shah Structural Consultant , Himanshu Parikh, Ahmedabad Electrical Consultant, Sheth Consultants, Ahmedabad Site Area, 11650 m2 Total Built-up Area, 13570 m2 Project Cost , Rs. 8.5 million (1994) The National Institute of Fashion Techno logy at New Delhi, recreates an inwar dly bazar, livened up by designed disp lays and movements of students as we ll as visitors through entire space. Consi sting of academic, administrative and r esidential activities, the campus reinter prets the traditional town square throu gh its inward looking building; interactiv e corridors, bridges and terraces; k u n d like steps; and communicative facad es. The front court, surrounded by the terr aced academic block and glazed ad ministrative wing becomes culturally ap propriate and climatically comfortable outdoor space. The India Habitat Centre, located in New Delhi, India It was conceived to be a catalyst relationship between individuals and institutions working in related areas to increase their effectiveness. The creation of a green and healthy environment forms the backbone of the complex. This contributes to the urban level functions and also creates a healthy and pleasant environment for the working employees. The height of the building is around 30m high. The entire facade is cladded with red bricks which give a majestic look to the structure. The atrium of the structure is beautifully designed with various landscape features such as sculptures and green areas. The reflectors are installed above the building to provide shade and prevent sun from entering into the building. Massive Steel girders have been used for the construction purpose. The entire office block rests on the steel girders without any support of the columns in between the longitudinal plan. Most of the horizontal ribbon windows have slots for plantation purpose which add to the beauty of the entire complex. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND REFERENCES www.greatbuildings.com www.slideshare.com www.archpedia.com