Download WASTE-TO-ENERGY PROCESS WITH THE USE

WASTE-TO-ENERGY PROCESS
WITH THE USE OF A WGE CERAMIC KILN
Why does it pay off to generate energy from waste?
Waste energy is energy
from renewable sources;
Waste energy from
installations does not require
the purchase of carbon
dioxide emissions rights;
The price of waste energy is fixed and
stable because the cost of its generation
does not depend on the cost of
traditional energy source products;
Utilization of alternative fuels
derived from municipal waste for
energy-generating purposes
contributes to huge savings on costs
of waste storage and treatment;
Adjustability of the thermal power of the waste energy generating
installation to the size of the recipient renders this solution attractive for
heating plants in towns with the number of inhabitants up to 50,000,
industrial plants and waste water treatment plants.
Schematic diagram of a boiler plant with an effective thermal
power of 2.4 MW comprising of two WGE ceramic kilns:
1 - Fuel tank
2 - Fuel feeders
3 - WGE ceramic kilns
4 – Water boilers
5 - Sorbent feeders
6 - Bag filters
7 - Exhauster
8 - Chimney
9 - Control room
Thermal energy generation in a WGE ceramic kiln
Generation of heat energy in a WGE ceramic kiln is based on
waste combustion technology in an oxygen-deficient
atmosphere that has been successfully applied in western
Europe for over 20 years.
The WGE ceramic kiln can use various kinds of segregated
solid combustible wastes as fuels. Before feeding into the
WGE ceramic kiln, the waste should be crushed to a fraction
of not more than 80 mm.
Fuel for heat energy generation is delivered in closed
trailers with moving floor. From the trailer, the fuel is first
conveyed to the charging hopper of the ram feeder that
feeds fuel to the WGE unit in a pre-programmed time cycle.
Thermal energy generation starts with the loading of fuel
into the moving grate in the first chamber of the WGE
ceramic kiln. In the first chamber of the WGE ceramic kiln,
the fuel is combusted in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere.
The fuel combustion process produces a mixture of
combustible gases containing hydrocarbons and hydrogen,
which is eventually combusted in the successive chambers
of the WGE ceramic kiln at a temperature of approx. 1200°C
with the legally-required gas retention time at said
temperature for not less than 2 seconds.
Owing to the combustion of the combustible gases at such a
high temperature, exhausts produced in the process exhibit
values equivalent to those reached in the combustion of
natural gas.
Slag - the remnant of the combustion process - is removed
from the grate to the scraper and then transported to the
KP 7 containers.
Proper fuel retention time on the grate ensures compliance
with the regulations providing for:
- total organic carbon content in the slag and grate ashes
being less than 3%;
- the combustible elements content in the slag and grate
ashes being less than 5%;
After leaving the last chamber of the WGE ceramic kiln,
exhaust gases pass to the water boiler where hot energetic
water, which is a source of heat in the heating network,
is generated. Operating parameters of the water boiler in
the installation allow heating hot energetic water in
accordance with the required grid parameters, both in
summer and winter.
Once exhaust gases have passed through the water boiler,
they undergo purification and final dedusting in a twophase dry exhaust gas purification system, by means of a
bag filter. The use of dual, dry exhaust gas purification
system with simultaneous dosing of sorbents eliminates
any industrial wastewater in the installation.
Thanks to the exhaust gas purification system, the exhaust
gases transmitted to the chimney meet all the emission
standards. The entire installation is controlled
automatically thanks to the software and imaging of the
WGE kiln heat generating installation, beginning from fuel
feeding, though controlling the parameters of the
generated heat until the stage where exhausts are
discharged into the chimney in line with the emission
parameters laid down in the applicable legal regulations.
Compliance with environmental requirements
The instalaltion for the generation of heat energy with the use of a WGE ceramic kiln meets all the requirements
applicable to the process of thermal waste conversion laid down in the Regulation of the Minister of Economy, as well
as meets all emission standards set out in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment on standards for emissions
from installations.
The Faculty of Environmental Engineering of the Warsaw University of Technology issued its favorable opinion on the
installation’s compliance with the Best Available Technique (BAT) set out in Directive EU 96/61/EC concerning
integrated pollution prevention and control, as well as in recommendations on requirements as regards fulfilment of
BAT conditions by the thermal waste conversion installation set out in the BREF document of August 2006.
Contact details
EKOKOGENERACJA S.A.
Al. Jerozolimskie 91, 02-001 Warszawa, Poland
Phone: +48 22 622 72 67 Fax: +48 22 627 32 95
e-mail: [email protected]
www.ekokogeneracja.com