Treatment of communal sewage sludge: quantities, recent
... The sewage sludge quality is determined by the presence of pathogenic organisms and concentrations of heavy metals and is dependent on the wastewater characteristics and the type and quality of treatment. The concentrations of heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, copper and cobalt in sewage sludge ...
... The sewage sludge quality is determined by the presence of pathogenic organisms and concentrations of heavy metals and is dependent on the wastewater characteristics and the type and quality of treatment. The concentrations of heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, copper and cobalt in sewage sludge ...
Site inveStigationS What Are You Looking For?
... manufacturing site is likely to have residues that will be related to the type of plastic being manufactured. Investigations related to the raw materials as well as the type of process involved may yield a list of target analytes which may or may not be priority pollutants. A wood preservation treat ...
... manufacturing site is likely to have residues that will be related to the type of plastic being manufactured. Investigations related to the raw materials as well as the type of process involved may yield a list of target analytes which may or may not be priority pollutants. A wood preservation treat ...
Ch 19 Waste 2016
... • Landfills must contain the waste that is buried inside and keep it from causing problems with the environment. • Waste inside a landfill must not come into contact with the soil and groundwater surrounding the landfill. • Landfills are maintained by covering wastes each day with a layer of soil, p ...
... • Landfills must contain the waste that is buried inside and keep it from causing problems with the environment. • Waste inside a landfill must not come into contact with the soil and groundwater surrounding the landfill. • Landfills are maintained by covering wastes each day with a layer of soil, p ...
Review of the Advantages and Disadvantages of
... glucose is transferred to a simple gaseous hydrocarbon where is resides at a higher mass density. The methane produced can easily be separated from the aqueous system, and if so desired from the co-product CO2. Anaerobic digestion therefore offers the opportunity to efficiently produce a premium hyd ...
... glucose is transferred to a simple gaseous hydrocarbon where is resides at a higher mass density. The methane produced can easily be separated from the aqueous system, and if so desired from the co-product CO2. Anaerobic digestion therefore offers the opportunity to efficiently produce a premium hyd ...
CHAPTER VI Fischer-Tropsch Refineries
... blockage by wax required “regeneration” every 700 hours. This entailed catalyst washing by spraying it with kerosene (180-230°C boiling range) to extract the wax. The product thus obtained was called catalyst wax. A product recovery section followed each synthesis stage. The product was cooled down ...
... blockage by wax required “regeneration” every 700 hours. This entailed catalyst washing by spraying it with kerosene (180-230°C boiling range) to extract the wax. The product thus obtained was called catalyst wax. A product recovery section followed each synthesis stage. The product was cooled down ...
Effects of pretreatments of Napier Grass with deionized water
... characteristics from each pretreated sample were compared with oil from the non-pretreated sample. Bio-oil yield from the raw sample was 32.06 wt% compared to 38.71, 33.28 and 29.27wt% oil yield recorded from the sample pretreated with sulfuric acid, deionized water and sodium hydroxide respectively ...
... characteristics from each pretreated sample were compared with oil from the non-pretreated sample. Bio-oil yield from the raw sample was 32.06 wt% compared to 38.71, 33.28 and 29.27wt% oil yield recorded from the sample pretreated with sulfuric acid, deionized water and sodium hydroxide respectively ...
The Effects of Wastewater Treatment Sludge on the Decomposition
... to turn over didn’t decrease very much. The piles had not completed decomposing. Instead they had dropped down to temperatures as low as 20 degrees Celsius on the sludge applied piles and 19 degrees Celsius on the control group. These temperatures occurred due to the low air temperatures. When the e ...
... to turn over didn’t decrease very much. The piles had not completed decomposing. Instead they had dropped down to temperatures as low as 20 degrees Celsius on the sludge applied piles and 19 degrees Celsius on the control group. These temperatures occurred due to the low air temperatures. When the e ...
Oxygen Carriers Materials for Chemical
... need large equipment for separation [3]. Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a promising technology in which CO2 is inherently separated from the rest of flue gases and therefore no extra energy or large equipment is needed for separation. Hydrogen is a potential carbon-free fuel that may be used f ...
... need large equipment for separation [3]. Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a promising technology in which CO2 is inherently separated from the rest of flue gases and therefore no extra energy or large equipment is needed for separation. Hydrogen is a potential carbon-free fuel that may be used f ...
Geotechnical Strength of Randomly Oriented Fiber
... ash is generated in large quantities as a byproduct of burning coal. Thermal power plants are the major sources of ash generation. Fly ash is disposed in the form of slurry in the ash ponds within the plant area, called coal combustion residue or pond ash. When fly ash is mixed with water, afterward ...
... ash is generated in large quantities as a byproduct of burning coal. Thermal power plants are the major sources of ash generation. Fly ash is disposed in the form of slurry in the ash ponds within the plant area, called coal combustion residue or pond ash. When fly ash is mixed with water, afterward ...
Fate of Fuel-Bound Nitrogen and Sulfur in Biomass-Fired
... the black liquor spraying level. This HCN is believed to be formed via re-burning of NO, since HCN has not been found as a pyrolysis species in earlier laboratory studies. The main sulfur intermediates close to the fuel inlet were H2S and methyl mercaptan. In the flue gases, the only nitrogen specie ...
... the black liquor spraying level. This HCN is believed to be formed via re-burning of NO, since HCN has not been found as a pyrolysis species in earlier laboratory studies. The main sulfur intermediates close to the fuel inlet were H2S and methyl mercaptan. In the flue gases, the only nitrogen specie ...
Stan Meyer Dealership Sales Manual 1986 OCR CONVERTED
... of many energy systems integrated together to form a versatile energy package…utilizing sun, air and water to produce electrical energy, gas, mechanical, and/or heat energy without the aid of additive chemicals or fossil fuels. As shown in Figure A, the flow diagram is subdivided into four major are ...
... of many energy systems integrated together to form a versatile energy package…utilizing sun, air and water to produce electrical energy, gas, mechanical, and/or heat energy without the aid of additive chemicals or fossil fuels. As shown in Figure A, the flow diagram is subdivided into four major are ...
waste
... • Increasing the longevity of goods also reduces waste – Companies maximize sales by producing short-lived ...
... • Increasing the longevity of goods also reduces waste – Companies maximize sales by producing short-lived ...
Environmental Technology 1
... which is a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR). For the moment we do not consider reinjecting the newly produced biomass, back into the bioreactor, after liquid-solid separation. In that case the biomass budget simply reads: ...
... which is a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR). For the moment we do not consider reinjecting the newly produced biomass, back into the bioreactor, after liquid-solid separation. In that case the biomass budget simply reads: ...
Waste-to- Energy Plant Technology Packages
... based on its proprietary technology, comprising the delivery of critical plant components with process guarantees. ...
... based on its proprietary technology, comprising the delivery of critical plant components with process guarantees. ...
Biomass Program
... watershed pollutant and the future use of this oxygenate is uncertain. The latest environmental driver to likely increase demand for syngas even more is the goal of establishing a hydrogen economy. The vision is for hydrogen to be the fuel of choice for transportation and electricity generation via ...
... watershed pollutant and the future use of this oxygenate is uncertain. The latest environmental driver to likely increase demand for syngas even more is the goal of establishing a hydrogen economy. The vision is for hydrogen to be the fuel of choice for transportation and electricity generation via ...
Draft Proposed Structure
... strategical objectives to cover the technology dimension relevant to the instrument with a view to phasing out a number of polluting processes necessary for reducing waste arising with particular emphasis on the use of environmentally sound technologies reducing emissions of mercury, dioxins, furans ...
... strategical objectives to cover the technology dimension relevant to the instrument with a view to phasing out a number of polluting processes necessary for reducing waste arising with particular emphasis on the use of environmentally sound technologies reducing emissions of mercury, dioxins, furans ...
The Use of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as an
... matter that was contained in sugarcane. The principal component of those ashes is certain mineral oxides dominant mineral phase in sugarcane. These minerals will undergo dehydroxylation in a fluidized bed combustion facility and melt to form glass in a bagasse combustion unit (Howard, 1989). ...
... matter that was contained in sugarcane. The principal component of those ashes is certain mineral oxides dominant mineral phase in sugarcane. These minerals will undergo dehydroxylation in a fluidized bed combustion facility and melt to form glass in a bagasse combustion unit (Howard, 1989). ...
Recent Developments in the Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas
... atmosphere. Finding efficient and clean processes to exploit the NG reserves is critical to solve both environmental and energy-related issues. In spite of this, methane cannot be directly converted to useful chemicals or fuels and high temperature, multi-step processes proceeding via syngas are uti ...
... atmosphere. Finding efficient and clean processes to exploit the NG reserves is critical to solve both environmental and energy-related issues. In spite of this, methane cannot be directly converted to useful chemicals or fuels and high temperature, multi-step processes proceeding via syngas are uti ...
Preliminary Screening — Technical and Economic Assessment of Synthesis Gas
... online ordering: http://www.ntis.gov/ordering.htm ...
... online ordering: http://www.ntis.gov/ordering.htm ...
Using Apparent Activation Energy as a Reactivity
... predict the kinetic rate of the same plant material.6 The same authors observed that the resulting apparent activation energy for these pseudo-components was consistent with values reported for model compounds ascribed as hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin. The pyrolysis of the raw material was m ...
... predict the kinetic rate of the same plant material.6 The same authors observed that the resulting apparent activation energy for these pseudo-components was consistent with values reported for model compounds ascribed as hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin. The pyrolysis of the raw material was m ...
Biogas – Green Energy Process, Design, Energy
... stopped, however, due to the cheapness of the fossil fuels oil and gas. The interest in biogas was not reawakened until the mid 1970s following the oil crisis in 1973. The Danish state initiated a research and development programme with the aim of testing and constructing different types of biogas p ...
... stopped, however, due to the cheapness of the fossil fuels oil and gas. The interest in biogas was not reawakened until the mid 1970s following the oil crisis in 1973. The Danish state initiated a research and development programme with the aim of testing and constructing different types of biogas p ...
Waste Section 3 Motor Oil
... processes that produce them. • An improperly maintained hazardous waste disposal site can leak toxic waste into the air, soil, and ground water. • Federal laws were passed to clean up old waste sites and regulate future waste disposal. ...
... processes that produce them. • An improperly maintained hazardous waste disposal site can leak toxic waste into the air, soil, and ground water. • Federal laws were passed to clean up old waste sites and regulate future waste disposal. ...
Combustion characteristics
... porous surface; e.g. H2/air react over Pt at room temperature, CH4/air over Pt requires 350 ºC. The most developed catalytic combustor uses C4H10/air over Pt-coated ceramic matrix at 500 ºC. Low-temperature catalytic combustors work in the 300..600 K range, and high-temperature catalytic combustors ...
... porous surface; e.g. H2/air react over Pt at room temperature, CH4/air over Pt requires 350 ºC. The most developed catalytic combustor uses C4H10/air over Pt-coated ceramic matrix at 500 ºC. Low-temperature catalytic combustors work in the 300..600 K range, and high-temperature catalytic combustors ...
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Potential for
... Bottom ash and fly ash from the same incineration plant have different properties. The bottom ash is usually coarser with larger diameters than fly ash; bottom ash is too dense and heavy to enter the exhaust stream. The fly ash is small and lightweight and gets caught in the exhaust stream. Bottom a ...
... Bottom ash and fly ash from the same incineration plant have different properties. The bottom ash is usually coarser with larger diameters than fly ash; bottom ash is too dense and heavy to enter the exhaust stream. The fly ash is small and lightweight and gets caught in the exhaust stream. Bottom a ...
Gasification
Gasification is a process that converts organic or fossil fuel based carbonaceous materials into carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. This is achieved by reacting the material at high temperatures (>700 °C), without combustion, with a controlled amount of oxygen and/or steam. The resulting gas mixture is called syngas (from synthesis gas or synthetic gas) or producer gas and is itself a fuel. The power derived from gasification and combustion of the resultant gas is considered to be a source of renewable energy if the gasified compounds were obtained from biomass.The advantage of gasification is that using the syngas is potentially more efficient than direct combustion of the original fuel because it can be combusted at higher temperatures or even in fuel cells, so that the thermodynamic upper limit to the efficiency defined by Carnot's rule is higher or (in case of fuel cells) not applicable. Syngas may be burned directly in gas engines, used to produce methanol and hydrogen, or converted via the Fischer–Tropsch process into synthetic fuel. Gasification can also begin with material which would otherwise have been disposed of such as biodegradable waste. In addition, the high-temperature process refines out corrosive ash elements such as chloride and potassium, allowing clean gas production from otherwise problematic fuels. Gasification of fossil fuels is currently widely used on industrial scales to generate electricity.