Download Introduction - Conference Series Ltd

Biological indices of toxicity
in tropical legumes grown in
oil-contaminated soil
Facultad de ingeniería en Sistemas de
Producción Agropecuaria, Universidad
Veracruzana.
[email protected]
Ecological Indicators 53 (2015) 43-48
Dinora Vázquez-Luna
Context
Context
Context
Introduction
•
The oil industry has altered the natural resources (García-Cuellar et al.,
2004)
•
Crotalaria incana and Leucaena leucocephala can grow in oil-contaminated
soil (Rivera-Cruz and Trujillo-Narcia, 2004; Vázquez-Luna, 2014).
Vázquez-Luna (2014)
Introduction
• In Mexico, current environmental regulations establish
the maximum permissible limits of hydrocarbons in soil
and specify characterization and remediation of
hydrocarbon contamination (SEMARNAT-SS, 2003);
however, these standards do not include criteria for:
– Assessing chronic effects
of contamination on soil
microorganisms and plants
– Human health.
– The use of bioindicators
in assessments.
Introduction
•
The aim of this study was to
generate user-friendly indicators
of soil contamination to measure
the toxic effects of total petroleum
hydrocarbons (TPH) on growth of
the legumes C. incana L. and L.
leucocephala Lam., and on the
development of nitrogen-fixing soil
microorganisms (rhizobial and freeliving).
Materials and methods
Materials and methods
•
where ot symbolizes petroleum treatment in relation to variable(y); i
represents the ith variable; Xct denotes the average value of each variable
for the control treatment; n = the number of variables measured in plants; N
= the number of nitrogen-fixing bacterial species examined; and r
represents treatment replicate number.
Materials and methods
•
where oc = oil concentration (mg kg−1) and cc = concentration of the control
treatment (mg kg−1); t = exposure time (days); and r represents treatment
replicate number.
Results
Results
Results
Proposal
Toxicology Approaches
3
Equitable development in the social, economic and environmental context.
Statistical evidence to indicate
relationship between pollution
and the presence of diseases
2
Statistics
Medicine
Density of oil installations
Edaphology
Statistic
Mathematics
Ecology
Edaphology
Physics
Economy
Social conflicts
Toxicology
Medicine
Geography
Biochemistry
Deterioration of the physical, chemical and
biological characteristics of soils
Epidemiology
1
Evidence of social
inequalities
Chronic effects on soils
Gender
Biochemistry
Chemistry
Ecology
Biology
Economy
Sociology
Anthropology
Based on "Fundamentals of Transdisciplinarity" by Max-Neef
July 22, 2012
1) Scientific and conceptual basis, 2) research results and 3) the ideal.
15
3
Equitable development in the social, economic and environmental context
Statistical evidence to indicate
relationship between pollution
and the presence of diseases
2
33% of
asthma cases
66.6% of
allergies
Chronic effects on soils
Allergic
diseases
diminish the
quality of life
Density of oil installations
10,000 mg kg-1
de TPH affects
soil fertility
Altered
biochemical
processes in the
habitat of the
organisms
Deterioration of the physical, chemical and
biological characteristics of soils
High incidence
of allergic
diseases
1
Environmental
emergencies
(100% population
affected)
Synergistic effects
of treatment and
comorbidities
Stationary and mobile
sources
Evidence of social
inequalities
Frequent
environmental
emergencies
Economic
dependence on
the industrial
sector
Social conflicts
Inequities
Toxicology
Environmental
degradation
Abandonment of
food production
Economic
dependence
Effect on
finances
family
Social conflicts
July 22, 2012
16
Acknowledgments