Download Ecology Study Guide Unit 2 Test on Friday 9-25

Ecology Study Guide
Unit 2
Test on Friday 9-25-15
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
2. The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in the biosphere is a(an)
3. The algae at the beginning of the food chain are
4. Which of the following organisms does NOT require sunlight to live?
5. A snake that eats a frog that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant is a
6. Only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of
the remaining energy, some is used for the organism’s life processes, and the rest is
7. What is the process by which bacteria convert nitrogen gas in the air to ammonia?
8. Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
9. The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and
their environment is called
10. What is the combined portions of Earth called in which all living things exist?
11. All of the members of a particular species that live in the same area are called a(an)
12. What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems?
13. An organism that cannot make its own food is called a(an)
14. Organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking down dead and decaying plants and animals are
called
15. All the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food
16. The repeated movement of water between Earth’s surface and the atmosphere is called
17. Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
18. Organisms need nutrients in order to
19. A substance in short supply or cycles slowly through an ecosystem is called:
Short Answer
20. Describe the role of algae in ocean food chains.
21. Describe the flow of energy among the following members of an ecosystem: decomposers,
autotrophs, heterotrophs, and the sun.
22. How does a food web differ from a food chain?
Ecology Study Guide
Unit 2
Test on Friday 9-25-15
Other
Figure 3–4
23. How might a large omnivore change the flow of energy in Figure 3-4, diagram II?
24. If a limiting nutrient is supplied to the producers in Figure 3-4, diagram II, what effect could it
have on the birds?
25. How many kilocalories (kcal) can the top carnivore in Figure 3-4, diagram I, store? Explain.
26. Describe how chemosynthesis could contribute to the energy represented by Figure 3-4, diagram
I.
27. List the levels of organization.
28. List the 8 characteristics of living things.
29. What is one characteristic that an organism can still be alive but not have?
Completion
Classify the interaction of living things being described by filling the blanks with: commensalism,
competition, mutualism, parasitism, or predation.
30. _______________________ A mouse is captured and eaten by an owl.
31. _______________________ Two angelfish are struggling for the best territory in a small
fishbowl.
32. _______________________ Cheetahs and lions feed on the same prey.
33. _______________________ Insects get nectar from flowers. They also transfer the pollen that
gets stuck in their bodies to another flower.
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Ecology Study Guide
Unit 2
Test on Friday 9-25-15
_______________________ Orchids perch on sturdier plants. They cause no harm to the host
plant. They benefit simply from being exposed to sunlight.
_______________________ An oyster attaches itself to a mangrove. The oyster has a place to
live, but the mangrove is unharmed.
______________________ Many bacteria live in the human intestines. These bacteria feed on
the food in our guts without harming us.
______________________ The sea lamprey uses its oral disc to attach itself to a larger fish,
bores a hole through the fish’s flesh, and sucks its blood.
______________________ A lion devours a deer.
______________________ A snake catches and swallows a frog.
______________________ Chimpanzees fight to achieve supremacy in the tribe.
_____________________ The Nile crocodile, with its mouth open, permits the Egyptian plover
bird to feed on any leeches attached to its gum.
______________________ Spiders create their webs on stems and trunks of plants.
Fill in the breaks:
43. ______________________Collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, biotic
and abiotic factors
44. ______________________An organism, usually a bacterium or fungus, that breaks
down the cells of dead plants and animals into simpler substances
45. ______________________Group of similar cells that preform a particular function
46. ______________________Each step in the food chain or food web
47. ______________________The process plants use to make energy
48. ______________________The living together of two dissimilar organisms, as in mutualism,
commensalism, or parasitism.
49. ______________________One benefits while the host is harmed
50. ______________________An organism that uses organic waste as a food source
51. ______________________Physical or nonliving factors that shapes an ecosystem
52. ______________________An environmental factor that tends to limit population size
53. ______________________Biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem
54. ______________________The position or function of an organism in a community of
plants and animals