Download Medical Terminology PP

Introduction
 Why do health care
providers use medical
terminology?
 Medical terminology is a
specialized language used
by health care providers.
 Allows for quick, efficient
communication between
members of the same
profession while
minimizing the potential
for misunderstandings.
Anatomical Position
 Standard reference
point in which all
positions,
movements, and
planes are
described.
 Standing erect,
with arms at side,
palms facing
forward.
Anatomical Body Planes
 Body planes are used
to describe specific
sections or regions of
the body.
 A “body plane”is an
imaginary line drawn
through the body
which separates it into
sections.
Body Planes – Sagittal
Plane
 Sagittal Plane –
divides the body into
right and left halves.
 Midsagittal or median
are names for the
plane dividing the
body into equal right
and left parts
Body Planes – Frontal
Plane
 Frontal Plane –
divides the body
into front and
back halves.
 Also known as
the Coronal
Plane.
Body Planes – Transverse
Plane
 Transverse Plane
– divides the
body into upper
and lower halves.
Directional Terminology
 Superior
 Refers to a structure
being closer to the
head or higher than
another structure in
the body.
 Inferior
 Refers to a structure
being closer to the
feet or lower than
another structure in
the body.
Directional Terminology
 Anterior
 Refers to a
structure being
more in front than
another structure in
the body.
 Posterior
 Refers to a
structure being
more in back than
another structure in
the body.
Directional Terminology
 Medial
 Refers to a structure
being closer to the
midline or median plane
of the body than
another structure of
the body.
 Lateral
 Refers to a structure
being farther away
from the midline than
another structure of
the body.
Directional Terminology
 Distal
 Refers to a structure being
further away from the root
of the limb than another
structure in the limb.
 Proximal
 Refers to a structure being
closer to the root of the
limb than another structure
in that limb.
Directional Terminology
 Superficial
 Refers to a structure being closer to the surface of the
body than another structure.
 Deep
 Refers to a structure being closer to the core of the
body than another structure.
 Ventral (Similar to Anterior)
 Towards the front or belly.
 Dorsal (Similar to Posterior)
 Towards the back.
Directional Terminology
 Prone
 Lying face down
 Supine
 Lying face up
 Unilateral
 Pertaining to one side of the body
 Bilateral
 Pertaining to both sides of the body
Regions of the Body – The Head
 Frontal (forehead)
 Temporal (temple)
 Orbital (eye)
 Nasal (nose)
 Buccal (cheek)
 Oral (mouth)
 Mandibular (lower jaw)
 Parietal (sides of the head)
 Occipital (back of the
head)
Regions of the Body – Anterior Torso
 Pectoral (anterior chest)
 Abdominal (abdomen)
 Pelvic (pelvis)
 Inguinal (groin)
 Pubic (above genital
region)
Regions of the Body –
Posterior Torso
 Scapular (shoulder blade)
 Vertebral (spinal column)
 Paraspinal (side of the
spine)
 Lumbar (lower back)
 Sacral (posterior pelvis)
 Coccygeal (tailbone)
Regions of the Body –
Upper Limb
 Deltoid (shoulder)
 Carpal (wrist)
 Acromial (top of shoulder)
 Palmar (palm)
 Axillary (armpit)
 Digital (fingers)
 Brachial (upper arm)
 Cubital (elbow)
 Antecubital (front of
elbow)
 Antebrachial (forearm)
Regions of the Body – Lower
Limb
 Coxal (hip)
 Patellar (knee cap)
 Fibular (lateral leg)
 Plantar (bottom of the
foot)
 Digital (toes)
 Gluteal (buttock)
 Femoral (thigh)
 Popliteal (back of the knee)
 Crural (calf)
 Tarsal (ankle)
 Dorsum (top of the foot)
Regions of the Vertebrae
 Cervical (7 Vertebrae)
 Thoracic (12 Vertebrae)
 Lumbar (5 Vertebrae)
Anatomical Movements
 Flexion
 Movement that
decreases the
angle between
two bones;
bending a joint.
 Extension
 Increasing the
angle between
two bones.
Anatomical Movements
 Adduction
 Movement of a
limb towards the
midline of the
body.
 Abduction
 Movement of a
limb away from
the midline of
the body.
Describes movement of
the limbs ONLY.
Anatomical Movements
 Pronation
 Turning the forearm downward (palm down).
 Supination
 Turning the forearm upward (palm up).
Anatomical Movements
 Radial
Deviation
 Turning the
wrist towards
the radial
side.
 Ulnar
Deviation
 Turning the
wrist
towards the
ulnar side.
Anatomical Movements
 Opposition
 Moving the
thumb to
touch the
fingertips.
Anatomical Movements
 Inversion
 Turning the sole
of the foot
inward.
 Eversion
 Turning the sole
of the foot
outward.
Anatomical Movements
 Dorsiflexion
 Ankle
movement point
the foot/toes
upward.
 Plantarflexion
 Ankle
movement
pointing the
foot down.
Anatomical Movements
 External rotation
 Rotation of the
hip or shoulder
toward the
midline.
 Internal rotation
 Rotation of the
hip or shoulder
away from the
midline.
Anatomical Movements
 Retraction
 Moving a bone backward in the transverse plane.
 Protraction
 Moving a bone forward in the transverse plane.
Anatomical Movements
 Elevation
 Raising a
bone
superiorly.
 Depression
 Moving a
bone
inferiorly.
Anatomical Movements
 Circumduction
 Tri-planar,
circular motion
at the hip or
shoulder.
 When the
proximal end of
a limb remains
stationary and
the distal point
moves in a circle.
Anatomical Movements
 Lateral
Flexion
 Movement
of the spine
laterally or
away from
the body’s
midline.