Download the age of exploration unit test study guide key

Chapter 2 Age of Exploration Unit Test Study Guide
What did I Learn?
1. Who were the sea dogs?
They were the seamen and ships commanded by Sir Francis Drake who defeated the Spanish Armada
in the English Channel
2. Name (3) new animals that were introduced to the Americas as part of the Columbian Exchange.
Horses, pigs, goats, sheep, cows, chickens
3. Why did Columbus go to Trinidad and Venezuela?
Because it was thought that spices, jewels and gold were found near the Equator and those locations
are in close proximity
4. Where was New France located (be specific)
In Canada along the St. Lawrence River
5. What significant attributes were part of the caravel? The galleon?
New rudder system, triangular sails for cutting strong winds, wide bottoms for carrying more
supplies and cargo, set higher on the water , faster and lighter than other ships
6. What happened during Columbus’ fourth voyage?
Because their ships were leaking badly they were marooned or stranded in what is now Jamaica for
over a year
7. Which country led the exploration by taking the eastern route to Asia?
Portugal led the expeditions to Asia
8. What two countries now control the island Columbus named Hispaniola?
Haiti and the Dominican Republic
9. Which two countries were affected by the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Spain and Portugal
10. How did the nobles in Europe gain their wealth?
By trading with countries in the East (Asia)
11. What did Columbus believe he could prove if given the chance?
That it was possible to sail west from Europe and reach the East (Asia/India)
12. What became most profitable in the Americas for the French?
The fur-trade with Natives
13. Where was New Netherland located? (be specific)
Along the Hudson River in what is now New York
14. What was the most negative aspect of the Columbian Exchange?
The spreading of deadly diseases between continents (Small pox to the Americas and Syphilis to
Europe were two most significant)
15. The Age of Exploration has been generally identified as the time between what two years?
1492-1585
16. Which country led the exploration of the Americas? (explain why)
Spain, because it felt as though it had a right to claim as much land as possible because of the Treaty
of Tordesillas, they also sent the most explorers to the New World
17. Columbus had (3) three ships what were their names?
Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria
18. What major invention helped spread ideas around Europe?
Printing Press
19. The Age of Exploration has been generally identified as the time between what two years?
Duplicate answer, same as # 15
20. Why was the Spanish Armada sent to invade England?
To restore England to Catholicism
21. Name (3) new plants/foods that were introduced to Europe as part of the Columbian Exchange.
Potatoes, corn, tomatoes, peppers, squash, pumpkins, tobacco, cacao
22. Explorers from Portugal found a direct route from Europe to Asia around which continent?
Africa
23. What food fueled the Incan civilization?
Potato
24. Why did European countries desire a direct route from Europe to Asia?
Europeans wanted to be able to trade directly with the East and bypass the Muslim and Italian
traders who had a hold on the silk road and trade routes on land
25. What did Columbus name the first island he landed on in the Caribbean?
San Salvador in the present day Bahamas
26. Why did Montezuma II give gifts and riches to Cortes?
He thought he was a god
27. Explain why the “New World” was named America.
Amerigo Vespucci’s idea that the new land Columbus had discovered was not Asia, but in fact a New
World was spread throughout Europe because of the newly invented printing press. When a
German mapmaker who had read Vespucci’s ideas created a new map of the world he named the
new land, America after Vespucci
28. Why did the king and queen of Spain fund Columbus’ voyage?
They wanted a share of rich Asian trade as well as a chance to spread Christianity
29. What was the result of Vasco da Gama's journey?
He was the first European to sail directly (all-water-route) to India from Europe and subsequently
(Portugal took control of the valuable spice trade)
30. What was Europe’s most important and most used natural resource?
Timber/wood/trees
31. What disease are Europeans exposed to by their contact with the Native Americans?
Syphilis
32. Per the Treaty of Tordesillas, how far was the line of Demarcation moved? Which direction?
The line was moved approximately 800 miles to the west
33. Because Portugal found a direct route from Europe to India they took control of what?
They took control of the valuable spice trade
34. What were the 2 largest ancient civilizations in the Americas before Columbus arrived?
Aztec and Inca
35. The Age of Exploration was part of a larger era known as a time of rebirth called the what?
Renaissance
36. What were Prince Henry’s (3) more immediate goals besides finding an all-water-route to Asia?
1. Claim land and bring riches back to Portugal
2. Chart the world for study
3. Spread Christianity
37. What were (2) of the tragedies or failures of The Age of Exploration?
1. Slavery of Africans
2. Slavery of natives (In the New World)
3. Large populations of native peoples died due to diseases carried by Europeans to the New World
38. What did Magellan’s circumnavigation of the globe prove?
It confirmed what Columbus believed and proved that the world was indeed round and not flat
39. What (2) peoples or countries controlled the spice/silk trade in Eastern Europe and western Asia?
Muslim and Italian traders
40. What does Balboa call the ocean west of the Americas? What does it mean?
Pacific Ocean “peaceful sea”