Download AP Psychology Revised Assignment Wednesday, February 22 A

AP Psychology
Revised Assignment
Wednesday, February 22
A
Reading/BFT (Unit XIII: Develop) 150-163
Thursday, February 23
B
Reading/BFT (Unit XIII: Develop) 150-163
Friday, February 24
A
Reading/BFT (Unit XIII: Develop) 172-190
Monday, February 27
B
Reading/BFT (Unit XIII: Develop) 172-190
Tuesday, February 28
A
Test: Unit XIII
Wednesday, February 29
B
Test: Unit XIII
Thursday, March 01
A
Unit XIV: intelligence
Friday, March 02
B
Unit XIV: intelligence
Monday, March 05
A
Test: Unit XIV
Tuesday, March 06
B
Test: Unit XIV
Frequently missed questions – Unit IX: Memory
 Make sure you know what the “Three-stage processing model of memory” is. Make sure that you’re not mixing it up it up
with the three major parts of memory (encoding, storage, retrieval).
 Know who the psychologists are who are most associated with the “Three-stage processing model of memory.”
 Know the difference between retrospective and prospective memory.
 Know of the various reasons for forgetting, which one is the explanation for change blindness.
 Know the connection amongst parallel processing, different levels of consciousness, and automatic processing.
 Know what rehearsal is, and what type of processing it is related to (automatic or effortful processing).
 Know why speed-reading would inhibit long-term retention (information being put into long term memory).
 In order to remember the information presented in her psychology textbook, Susan often relates it to her own life
experiences. Susan's strategy is an effective memory aid because it facilitates:
 Which of the following questions about the word “tyrotoxism” would best prepare you to correctly remember tomorrow that
you had seen the word on today's test?
 We are more likely to remember the words “typewriter, cigarette, and fire” than the words “void, process, and inherent.” This
best illustrates the value of:
 In order to remember to buy sugar, ham, oranges, and potatoes the next time he goes grocery shopping, Hakeen forms the
word “shop” with the first letter of each item. He is using a memory aid known as:
 Explicit memory is to long-term memory as iconic memory is to ________ memory.
 Some of the visual information in our ________ memory is encoded into ________ memory.
 After hamsters learned whether to turn right or left in a maze in order to find food, their body temperature was lowered until
the electrical activity in their brains ceases. When the hamsters were revived, they still remembered what they had learned
prior to the “blackout.” The hamsters' directional memory was apparently a(n) ________
 Long-term potentiation is a(n):
 Passing an electric current through the brain during electroconvulsive therapy is most likely to disrupt ________ memory.
 Which of the following substances is most likely to facilitate the formation of new memories?
 By shrinking the hippocampus, prolonged stress is most likely to inhibit the process of:
 By shrinking the hippocampus, prolonged stress is most likely to inhibit the process of:
 The ability to learn something without any conscious memory of having learned it suggests the need to distinguish between:
 Elderly Mr. Flanigan, a retired electrician, can easily remember how to wire a light switch, but he cannot remember the name
of the name of the president of the United States. It appears that Mr. Flanigan’s ________ memory is better than his
________ memory.
 Remember that there are 26 letters of the alphabet is an example of ________ memory, while remembering what happened
on your 10th birthday is an example of ________ memory.
 The hippocampus plays a critical role in ________ memory.
 Although Faustina can learn and remember how to play the piano, she is unable to learn and remember the names of people
to whom she has been introduced. Faustina is most likely to have suffered damage to her:
 Cerebellum is to ________ memory as hippocampus is to ________ memory.
 Studies of classical conditioning (such as the eye-blink response) and operant conditioning (rewarding certain actions with
food) in rabbits suggest that implicit memories are stored in the:
 Damage to the ________ is most likely to interfere with explicit memories of newly learned verbal information. Damage to
the ________ is most likely to interfere with explicit memories of newly learned visual designs.
 Which test of memory typically provides the fewest retrieval cues?
 Fill-in-the-blank type questions would use what type of memory?
 Watching a TV soap opera involving marital conflict and divorce led Andrea to recall several instances in which her husband
had mistreated her. The effect of the TV program on Andrea's recall provides an example of:
 After learning that kicking would move a crib mobile, infants showed that they recalled this learning best if they were tested
in the same crib. This best illustrates the effect of ________ on recall.
 The effect of moods on our interpretation of new information suggests that our emotional states influence the
process
of:
 A person who has trouble forgetting information, such as the Russian memory whiz S, often seems to have a limited capacity
for:
 The inability to recall which numbers on a telephone dial are not accompanied by letters or the inability to remember how
Lincoln's head appears on a penny looks like is most likely due to:
 Retroactive & proactive interference involves the disruption of:
 Sigmund Freud emphasized that the forgetting of painful experiences is caused by a process that involves:
 The misinformation effect best illustrates the dynamics of:
 When asked to recall their attitudes of 10 years ago regarding marijuana use, people offer recollections closer to their current
view than they actually reported a decade earlier. This best illustrates:
 We often cannot reliably distinguish between true and false memories because:
 With respect to the controversy regarding reports of repressed memories of sexual abuse, statements by major psychological
and psychiatric associations suggest that:
 Which method of encoding is considered the most effective?
 Which of the following poses the greatest threat to the credibility of children's recollections of sexual abuse?
Frequently missed questions – Unit X: Thinking & Language
 This is the term for the study of mental processes; how we create concepts, solve problems, make decisions, and form
judgments.
 Prototypes would be which level or levels, in most circumstances?
 Prototype is to category/concept as ________ is to ________.
 What best describes how five-year old Sarah would incorporate that a whale is a mammal into her schema?
 Eva had difficulty recognizing that a sea horse was a fish because it did not resemble her ________ of a fish.
 A math problem and a game of chess would both be an example of what?
 A chess-playing computer program that routinely calculates all possible outcomes of all possible game moves best illustrates
problem solving by means of:
 As he attempted to spell the word “receive,” Tim reminded himself “’I’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’.” Tim's self-reminder best
illustrates the use of:
 Tiffany couldn’t remember the three-digit code to open the padlock on her suitcase, so she tried every possible combination
until she found the right one. Tiffany used what method to solve her problem?
 Tiffany’s couldn’t remember the three-digit code to open the lock of her suitcase. She had her father cut the lock off with
bolt cutters and bought another lock (and wrote the combination down in a safe place so it wouldn’t happen again).
Tiffany (and her father) used what type of thinking?
 Because she believes that boys misbehave more than girls, Mrs. Zumpano, a second-grade teacher, watches boys more
closely than she watches girls for any signs of misbehavior. Mrs. Zumpano's surveillance strategy best illustrates:
 A student does not do well on AP Psychology tests, no matter how much he studies. He continues to study for AP
Psychology the same way he always has, because it has worked well for him in his other courses all throughout school.
The student using the same, unsuccessful method over and over, instead of looking for a better way to study, is an example
of:
 K-Mart was losing money to Target and Wal-Mart. To solve this problem, K-Mart began opening earlier and staying open
later – both solutions that have worked in the past. When this still didn’t work, they opened earlier and stayed open later
on Sundays. Target and Wal-Mart both continued to do well, partly because they sold food and had websites. K-Mart’s
problem solving technique is an example of what?
 Which psychologist is associated with functional fixedness?
 The indelible memories of the September 11th terrorist tragedy unduly inflated many people's estimates of the risks
associated with air travel. This best illustrates the importance of:
 Throughout elementary and high school years, Charlie got away with copying his test answers from classmates. Because the
college's test proctors are very observant, Charlie spends as many hours devising new ways to cheat as it would take him
to study and perform well in an honest fashion. Charlie's strategy for passing tests illustrates the consequences of:
 The danger of using the representativeness heuristic is that it may lead us to:
 By encouraging people to imagine their homes being destroyed by a fire, insurance salespeople are especially successful at
selling large homeowners' policies. They are most clearly exploiting the influence of:
 Mistakenly concluding that the forgetful acts of an elderly person must be indicative of Alzheimer's disease best illustrates
the impact of:
 Dean overestimates the proportion of family chores for which he takes sole responsibility because it's easier for him to recall
what he has done than to recall what other family members have done. This best illustrates the impact of:
 The value of generating positive first impressions in your initial interactions with a new employer is best underscored by the
research on:
 Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman are associated with which of the below concepts?
 In order to more closely mimic human thought processes than they now do, computers of the future must have the capacity
for:
 The word “through” contains ________ phoneme(s) and ________ morpheme(s).
 The sentence “Purple blue jeans wear false smiles” has correct __________ but incorrect __________ .
 In order to combine words into grammatically sensible sentences, one needs to adhere to proper rules of:
 The rock musician was hit with a rotten egg while performing his latest hit song. The fact that you can recognize two
different meanings for the word “hit” in the preceding sentence demonstrates the importance of:
 A listener hearing a group of Japanese, Ukrainian, Inuit, Québécois, Maori, and Basque children babbling would:
 The ability to learn language based on the growth of different neural networks is associated with what theory?
 Infants can learn the difference between syllable sequences that follow an ABA pattern (such as: ga-ti-ga) and those that
follow an ABB pattern (such as: wo-fe-fe). This best illustrates the infant's capacity to learn:
 The best evidence that there is a critical period for language acquisition is the fact that:
 Hearing children of deaf parents tend to acquire language slower than hearing children of hearing parents. This seems to be
evidence for which theory of language acquisition?
 Compared to native Russian speakers who have spoken Russian since birth, people who learned to speak Russian as teens are
less likely to:
 Research has indicated that the use of the generic pronoun “he”:
 Those who are skeptical with regard to claims that apes share our capacity for language are especially likely to highlight
chimps' limited use of appropriate:
 Positive reinforcers ________ the rate of operant responding and negative reinforcers ________ the rate of operant
responding.
 If two objects cast retinal images of the same size, the object that appears to be closer is perceived as ________ the object
that appears to be more distant.
Frequently missed questions – Unit XI: Unit XI: Motivation; Unit XII: Emotion; Unit XII ½: Stress
 Yerkes-Dodson: live it, love it, learn it. Especially in regards to which theory of motivation it is most closely linked to…
 In 2001 when The Office premiered in the United Kingdom, most of the reviews were positive; describing the show as an
entertaining, often extremely funny, documentary. However, once people began to realize that it was a scripted comedy,
the reviews turned mostly negative; describing the show as an unoriginal, usually dull, comedy. This example best
illustrates:
 Too much ____________ has been linked to Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease).
 A child's fear at the sight of a hypodermic needle is a(n):
 A 2008 study has found an extremely high rate of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) among Italian soccer players - more
than five times higher than normally expected. These findings have raised the concern of a link between the disease and
the use of pesticides on Italian soccer fields. This situation demonstrates:
 Which theory emphasizes that personal expectations and motivations influence the level of absolute thresholds?
 Rod is to transduction as ________ is to accommodation.
 The cochlea is to the ear as the ________ is to the eye.
 Push factors of motivation tend to be:
 Mr. Porter believes that aggression is an unlearned behavior characteristic of all children. He obviously believes that
aggression is a(n):
 For a hungry person, the consumption of food serves to:
 The importance of learning in motivation is most obvious from the influence of:
 A lack of bodily fluids is to cold water as ________ is to ________.
 Which theory(of motivation) is most closely related to homeostasis?
 Joy loves hang-gliding. It would be most difficult to explain Joy’s behavior according to:
 Jimmy got up in the middle of the night for a drink of water. Which theory of motivation best explains why Jimmy got out of
bed?
 One shortcoming of the instinct theory of motivations is that it:
 Know the different levels of Maslow, as well as examples.
 When a rat's blood sugar level ________, the ________ hypothalamus releases the hunger-triggering hormone orexin.
 When an organism's weight rises above its set point, the organism is likely to experience a(n):
 Our body shape, our set point, and our basal metabolism rate, are all considered to be ________ motivations for hunger.
 The drive-reduction theory of motivation is more applicable to hunger than to sex because, unlike hunger, sexual desire is not
a direct response to:
 Many sexually active American adolescents fail to avoid pregnancy because:
 The correct order of the stages of the Masters and Johnson’s sexual response cycle is:
 Teens are most likely to delay becoming sexually active if they:
 This American biologist and entomologist was considered a pioneer in research on human sexual practices and habits:
Despite the fact that I told everyone to know it, he is in the book and on the study guide, and people asked me before the
test who Kinsey was…
 Andrea views her work primarily as an opportunity to climb up the corporate ladder in pursuit of increasingly better
positions. Andrea apparently views her work as a: Again, despite the fact that I said that you needed to know the difference
between “a job and a career,” it is in the book, it was on the study guide, and people asked me to explain before class what
the difference is…
 Who suggested that “we feel sorry because we cry . . . afraid because we tremble”?
 The James-Lange theory of emotion states that:
 The fact that facial expressions of emotion tend to intensify the experience of emotion serves to support the:
 Evidence that neck-level spinal cord injuries reduce the intensity with which people experience certain emotions most
directly supports the:
 The idea that an emotion-arousing stimulus is simultaneously routed to the cortex and the sympathetic nervous system is
central to the:
 Robert Zajonc’s theory regarding the role of cognition in emotion, is that:
 During an emergency, increasing levels of emotional arousal are likely to be accompanied by:
 Boyd, a suspect in a criminal investigation, has agreed to take a lie detector test. The machine used in this test is most likely
to measure his:
 Eva's boyfriend says he loves her, but she wants proof. In order to obtain the most trustworthy nonverbal signals of how he
really feels, Eva should carefully observe:
 Haley's parents bought her a used bicycle for her birthday. She was thrilled until she learned that her best friend received a
brand new bicycle to celebrate Groundhog Day. Haley's declining satisfaction illustrates the:
 The loss of an arm in an automobile accident is likely to ________ a person's long-term feelings of life satisfaction. Winning
first place in a national tennis tournament is likely to ________ a person's long-term feelings of life satisfaction.