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Name: Date: Benchmark: Beaks of Finches 1. Base your answer to the following question on the information below and on your knowledge of biology. The differences seen in the beaks of the four species of finches are most likely the result of A) gene expression and asexual reproduction C) migration and the need to adapt B) variation and natural selection D) heredity and a diet of seeds 2. Studies of the finches of the Galapagos Islands have shown that A) B) C) D) DNA will change to produce structures needed by birds to survive intense competition a bird’s beak changes annually in response to the type of food that is most abundant each year natural selection occurs when there are scarce resources and intense competition the beak of a finch will change if the environment of the bird remains stable 3. Base your answer to the following question on the data table below and on your knowledge of biology. Which two species would most likely be able to live in the same habitat without competing with each other for food? A) A and C B) B and C C) B and D D) C and E 4. The different tools used during the beaks of finches lab represented A) feeding adaptations in finches C) variations in seed size B) nest construction adaptations D) variations in ecosystems Period: Date: 5. Base your answer to the following question on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. Finches on the Galapagos Islands are thought to have originated from South America and to have evolved into new species over the last 10,000 years. Some of this evolution is represented in the diagram below. The seed-eating finch was most likely the A) largest finch C) parent of the other finches B) common ancestor D) most successful 6. Base your answer to the following question on the information below and on your knowledge of biology. Evolutionary changes have been observed in beak size in a population of medium ground finches in the Galapagos Islands. Given a choice of small and large seeds, the medium ground finch eats mostly small seeds, which are easier to crush. However, during dry years, all seeds are in short supply. Small seeds are quickly consumed, so the birds are left with a diet of large seeds. Studies have shown that this change in diet may be related to an increase in the average size of the beak of the medium ground finch. The most likely explanation for the increase in average beak size of the medium ground finch is that the A) B) C) D) trait is inherited and birds with larger beaks have greater reproductive success birds acquired larger beaks due to the added exercise of feeding on large seeds birds interbred with a larger-beaked species and passed on the trait lack of small seeds caused a mutation which resulted in a larger beak Date: Base your answers to questions 7 and 8 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. 7. The only finch that is completely carnivorous has a beak adapted for A) probing, only C) probing and biting B) probing and edge crushing D) biting and edge crushing 8. Which two finches would compete the least for food? A) B) C) D) small ground finch and large ground finch large ground finch and sharp-billed ground finch small tree finch and medium ground finch vegetarian finch and small ground finch Base your answers to questions 9 and 10 on the passage below and on your knowledge of biology. When Charles Darwin traveled to the Galapagos Islands, he observed 14 distinct varieties of finches on the islands. Darwin also observed that each finch variety ate a different type of food and lived in a slightly different habitat from the other finches. Darwin concluded that the finches all shared a common ancestor but had developed different beak structures. 9. The second sentence best describes A) an ecosystem C) a niche B) a food web D) a predator/prey relationship 10. The 14 varieties of finches are most likely the result of A) absence of biodiversity C) asexual reproduction B) biological evolution D) lack of competition