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Climate Change and Adaptation KwaNgcolosi Workshop 1 Workshop 1 Tasha 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Actions .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 Registration/Introductions .......................................................................................................................... 3 Results........................................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction to Climate Change: Presentation .......................................................................................... 5 Understanding the community: PRA Community Mapping ....................................................................... 6 Results .............................................................................................................................................. 7 Community Identified Vulnerabilities: PRA Bar Graph ............................................................................ 8-9 Steps/Actions/Objectives............................................................................................................... 10 Results ............................................................................................................................................ 11 The Water Cycle: Presentation ................................................................................................................. 12 Results & Conclusion...................................................................................................................... 13 KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 2 Actions: - Steps taken: choose/invite community members: Dudu visited 6 communities to find an area that was suitable for Umphilo to work After discussion decided on the community of Wushwini in the Valley of 1000 Hills; after have an initial focus group the community members & leaders asked us to include two other smaller communities Gudlintaba and Mahlabathini - Transport: Spoke to the leaders; they then talked to people in the area to secure transport - Catering: Used local group - Inkosi gave contact to Dudu Location: Originally booked the community hall in Wushwini through the Inkosi however there was no electricity that day so we were able to move to the crèche Local crèche also contact from local leader Central location for all communities Handout: Purchased booklets that were given to each participant Content: o Cover page o Agenda o Water Cycle Handout o Climate Change Handout o Blank paper & pen Facilitation Worked in pairs with one isiZulu speaker with one English speaker Alternated activities to facilitate Participants: Invited 10 people from each community Councilor & Ward committee members Church leaders Community Health Workers Community Garden Zibambele (removing invasive plants- public works program) Art Center Individuals active in community Private farm owner Izinduna Traditional Healers Plant a tree organization Crèche KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 3 REGISTRATION/ INTRODUCTIONS Steps/Actions/Objectives 1. 2. 3. 4. Each participant signed in with name, community and phone number Introduced Umphilo waManzi and facilitators Introduced WRC (Water Research Commission) project Introduction from community leaders (Induna) WEATHER HISTORY: PRA TIMELINE Steps/Actions/Objectives Objective: To get a sense of what weather changes have happened in the past Ask people to tell us what “big weather events have happened” over history from 1980-current Activity: Separate into groups to brainstorm ideas Come back together as a group and add things to the timeline Annual changes; separate into groups again to discuss changes in weather patterns over the past couple of years Seasonal timeline as a larger group Preparation Used 3 large flip chart paper taped together Drew timeline from 1980-present in 5 year increments KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 4 Results: Timeline: 1959/1961: Huge storm, called a “big snake”, very dark clouds/ tornados and hail, heavy rain, wind, destroyed homes and roofs, running through flooding trees 1960s: standpipes with Nagle Dam water (stored at reservoir hills), people depended on that main pipe- only served people along the road (no reticulation), others used Umgeni river and streams (1970: water year in school, about need for dams) 1980-1990: had rivers winter and summer, now all dried up except for a few days in summer just after a big rain 1980-1982: Drought through more than one rainy season- everything dry, no enough grass to feed cows and many died, bought grass from outside 1983-1987: Building of Inanda Dam 1986/7: Hailstorm; Floods over four weeks; houses falling down; people staying in churches, schools, AND had to change location. Cows died because too much rain. (Surrounding areas, e.g. Hammarsdale) Storms made houses and graves collapse into earth, “sink” When heavy rains mouth of the dam closed but not completed, when it rained it couldn’t move, destroyed bridges and community gardens along river. Showed government that certain homesteads needed to move. 1992: Drought, unpredictable rain, livestock died, locusts 2000: Got municipal water 2000: Since then can’t get mealies to grow because too hot, little rain in the winter; lightning more commonly reported and killing people (surrounding areas)- fear that happen here so call on sangoma to protect people 2008: tornado (as in 1958) 2010: VERY hot, told people to wear hats 2012: extreme heat, particularly remember one weekend in December KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 5 INTRODUCTION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: PRESENTATION Steps/Actions/Objectives Objective: To explore what community thinks climate change is To educate, give information to community Activity: Brief verbal presentation with handout on climate change See handout Preparation: Prepare handout Print copies KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 Reflections: Participants asked questions about: o Mono-dioxide o Commercial/Mercury pollution in Inanda dam TASHA 6 UNDERSTANDING THE COMMUNITY: PRA COMMUNITY MAPPING Steps/Actions/Objectives Objective: To collect information on water sources, infrastructure, gardens, clinics, transport etc Have the community visually represent what they think is important in the community Activity: Divided group up into each smaller community asked them to draw a map of their community identifying water sources, schools, crèches and transport routes Preparation: Three sheets of flip chart paper A number of different color permanent markers KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 7 Results: Gudlintaba Facilities such as Khanyasani L.P School, K.B. High, two churches, clinic, two stores that is Mpho store and Ndlovu store, community hall, Phakama centre and Lethusizo crèche. Wushwini Has a community hall and Art centre which are the only as the facilities for the community. They have serious transport issues as taxi’s comes only in the morning, during the day people must walk long distance up a steep and windy road. There is no school and children walk long distance to school even the young children because there are no crèches in the area. The community is visited by a mobile clinic once a week Mahlabathini The community has roads, good transport, H2O Tank, and transformer for electricity, stand pipe water and water from the municipality. The community has two crèches that is Bongimpilo crèche and Phaphamani crèche. They have Hlahlindlela high, Mngeni School, clinic, community hall, post office and Inanda dam. Gudlintaba: The majority of the community receives water from the municipality and very few people pay for municipal water. There are issues with the water pressure because at times up to five households are sharing one pipe. In addition to the municipal water pipes there are three stand pipes which some members of the community still rely on. Wushwini: Very few households in the community of Wushwini have access to municipal water in their homes. The majority of the community’s water is coming from stand pipes which is not purified and comes from Inanda Dam. Some households have hired their own plumbers to connect this water directly to their households. Those with municipal water access are often cut off with waits of 6 months up to a year. Mahlabathini Most of the community members of Mahlabathini have access to municipal water about half the community pays for water; others receive free grey water from the municipality. Mngeni water pipe is for gardens and watering the crops and is none purify water. KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 8 COMMUNITY IDENTIFIED VUNERABILITIES: PRA BAR GRAPH KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 9 KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 10 Steps/Actions/Objectives Objective: Understanding how the community perceives its vulnerabilities. Activity: Asked groups to determine on a scale of low medium and high how their community was impacted by the following things: HIV/Chronic illness Own livestock Child headed households Matric levels People with gardens People who rely on grants People with formal employment People with informal employment Differences in wealth (inequality) Access to municipal water Pay for water Preparation: 3 Sheets of paper with bar graphs drawn, permanent markers KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 11 Results: Livestock: Wushwini described their community having high levels of livestock ownership because the cultural significance; only 2 or 3 households do not have cows. However, the other two areas said that livestock ownership is very low because of previous droughts which killed many animals, the education levels in community, as well as a shift in social norms, since boys use to spend a lot of time assisting their fathers with the livestock and now they attend school there is less help to maintain livestock. Community/ subsistence gardens: All three of the communities rated that there was very few people who have their own gardens. The community of Mahlabathini identified that they have two community gardens: Bongimpilo garden and Phaphamani garden; the other two communities said there are no community gardens. The explanation for low numbers of gardens was that heat has impacted the crops, which has discouraged people from continuing to plant year after year. Additionally, animals stealing from gardens and livestock trampling the areas stops people from continuing gardening or starting gardens. That matric levels are medium to high because most of the youth complete their education; however there is significant variation in the grades that students receive. Wushwini was lower saying that some people do not complete. All communities rated HIV/Chronic illness as medium to high; explaining there is high levels of infection but that because of the use of ARV medication and education people are better equipped to manage their disease All communities rated child headed households as low KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 12 THE WATER CYCLE: PRESENTATION Steps/Actions/Objectives Objective: Give information, expand knowledge on water cycle Activity: Presentation of the water cycle Preparation: Handout of water cycle for participants LIVELIHOODS: PRA PIE CHARTS Steps/Actions/Objectives Objective: To identify sources of, and extent of, financial support to individual households Activity: To draw pie-graphs showing proportion of income from each source Preparation: Hand out pre-cut paper circles and permanent markers or pens KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA 13 Results: Types of Income Indentified: 1. Pensions/ grant 2. Employed- domestic worker, factory shop, industries, community base care, teachers, nurses, police service 3. Poultry farming 4. Traditional/cultural practices: Sangomazi 5. Taxi drivers 6. Self-employed ex. spaza shop, shebeens, craft work, sewing 7. Construction 8. Pastor 9. Zibambele construction Based on the collection of livelihood data that the individuals attending the workshop provided, average 44% of income is from pensions, 20% from informal/home based business, 20% from formal employment and 15% from additional grants All communities identified low levels of formal employment, medium levels of informal employment and high dependency on pensions and social grants CONCLUSION: Steps/Actions/Objectives Objective: To get feedback from the group about the workshop Activity: Asked participants to put faces on circles to say how they felt about the workshop – happy, unhappy, angry, confused etc. Preparation: Need paper, can fit 2 per sheet and cut out 40 circles KWANGCOLOSI WORKSHOP 1 TASHA