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The value of spatial information in Australia and New Zealand Presentation to FOSS4G Alan Smart 22 October 2009 Economic impact assessment Australia • Commissioned in 2006 by CRCSI and ASIBA • 12 sectors analysed (case studies in as many areas as possible) • Literature reviews • Verifiable and quantifiable results New Zealand • • • • Commissioned in April 2009 by LINZ, DOC and MED Ten case studies Literature reviews Workshop in June Slide 2 An enabling technology ‘Enabling’ rather than ‘nice to have’ • Capabilities and options created – productivity benefits – non-productivity related benefits Wide footprint Dynamic → innovation Slide 3 Productivity focus Focused on the impact of modern spatial information technologies on productivity in each sector Resource B Spatial information systems expand the production possibility frontier Production possibility frontier shifts outwards Resource A Slide 4 Sector size and intensity Australia H ig h u s e r s 108,434 129,248 Trade Property & business services Government administration and defence Finance & insurance 98,291 65,324 Mining Recreational and other services 45,241 Electricity, gas and water Communication services Agriculture Transport 20,471 25,535 28,174 41,896 51,429 Construction L o w e st u se r s 62,405 Manufacturing L o w u se r s 95,988 M e d iu m u s e r s Value added $'000 Slide 5 Technology diffusion – Rogers Slide 6 Impact on economy Higher Productivity Biosert CV Reduced impact of pests and disease incursions CVVCVV Higher Agriculture value added Spatial industry value add Other industry sectors value add Value added CVVCVV Value added Economy wide impacts on GDP Consumption Investment Employment Exports Imports Value added Slide 7 Modelling the impacts Computerised general equilibrium model calculates the aggregate impacts – GDP, Consumption, investment, employment Slide 8 Examples in the private sector Construction Spatial technologies estimated to deliver savings of 10 % for large projects from • 50 % faster map production • 80% faster access to information • faster setting out and better accuracy adoption still in the innovation stage in 2007 • 2.5% to 5% adoption Productivity impacts in Australia 0.25% to 0.5% Adds up to big $$$ Slide 9 Road planning, design and construction LIDAR saves surveying costs and Facilitates ongoing road management Hand held devises linked to GIS reduce pegging and other costs Slide 10 Utilities More efficient asset planning, design and management Recording location of assets and features More efficient maintenance Productivity impacts 0.73% to 1.25% Slide 11 Hazard management Monitor Identify Notify Action Bureau of Meteorology Geoscience Australia Fire Authorities Indji Watch Real time hazard monitoring Notify Response Private providers Slide 12 Agriculture Example – Precision Agriculture Controlled traffic farming, etc. 10-20% productivity ↑ Adoption ≈ 10% = 1.25% sector-wide productivity improvement Australia and New Zealand Slide 13 Fertiliser application management Fertiliser application map Variable rate applications Better monitoring 30 % efficiency gains in NZ Slide 14 Fisheries • GNSS Plotters – 100% adoption • Fisheries management • Vessel monitoring • Habitat mapping • Protected marine areas • 4% to 5% productivity improvement Slide 15 Examples from Government Biosecurity Cost of control and value of production foregone around $8 billion per year Foot and mouth disease or Brucellosis outbreak • $10 billion in cost(Productivity Commission 2002) Spatial examples • Australian Plague Locust Commission • Biosecurity, Surveillance, Incident Response and Tracing in Australia • Vector control for pest management in NZ Slide 16 Australian Plague Locust Commission Value of potential crop losses avoided $55.5 million in 2005 for expenditure $6.5 million (ABARE 2005) Spatial technologies contributed around 20 % to these gains Slide 17 Digital mapping for possum control in NZ Reduced cost of vector control • from $15 per hectare • to $7-8 per hectare Slide 18 Australian Maritime Safety Authority Search and rescue • Spatially enabled • System reduces time to brief search aircraft from 3 hours to 3 minutes • Integrating live data into monitoring and reporting • Freeing up operations room to focus on task at hand Slide 19 Government productivity impact in Australia Assessed in terms of improved productivity in delivery of services through • • • • • Asset and resources management Reduced costs of service delivery Improved planning and implementation Defence and emergency preparedness Compliance and regulation Impacts from 0.34% to 1.05% Slide 20 Accumulated impact Australia Factor Impact Percentage GDP $6.4 b - $12.6 b 0.6% -1.2% Consumption $3.5b - $6.7 b 0.6% -1.1% Investment $1.7b- $3.39b 0.6% -1.2% Exports $1.3b- $2.3b Imports $1.2b- $2.2 b Wages 0.6% - 1.1% Slide 21 Economic assessment A conservative estimate based on evidence Impacts on GDP did not capture environmental and social benefits • Likely to be very significant Impact could have been around 7% higher if with better access to data Slide 22 Key findings - New Zealand Productivity benefits $1.2 billion in 2008 • 0.6% of GDP – Incl. productivity of government services • Non-productivity → multiple – Environment, social, biosecurity, health, etc. Barriers • • • • • • • Access to data Pricing of data Standards Privacy Lack of spatial data infrastructure Skills Capital Without barriers – extra $0.5 billion • Extra $100 million in government revenue Slide 23 Environmental and social benefits Intangible benefits not included could deliver significantly higher benefits • Mainly environmental and social • Better water management and monitoring • Managing and monitoring the impacts of climate change – digital elevation model • Monitoring emissions • Managing land and property titles • Lives saved in emergencies • Improved national security Slide 24 Rates of adoption Adoption appears to have increased since the economic assessment Adopters 100% New applications Wider penetration to non spatial professionals Government Government role important in early stages of adoption Slide 25 Some issues Access to basic or fundamental data Standards • Open Geospatial Consortium Privacy Spatial data infrastructure • Australian government- Spatial data market place • NZ now considering how to move to an SDI Innovation • technology development - CRCSI • Increasingly in industry and users – adaptation and combining systems and technologies Skills Slide 26 The future Asset management Operations and maintenance Transport logistics Project based applications Organisational resource Most Australian applications Mainstream enterprise systems Natural resources and environment Biosecurity Retail and trade Social users What can you imagine? Slide 27 Questions Slide 28