Download PRACTICE FINAL EXAM Multiple Choice

PRACTICE FINAL EXAM Multiple Choice
1. A light-year (ly) is a unit of distance defined as the distance light travels in one year. Numerically, 1 ly = 9
500 000 000 000 km. How many meters are in a light-year?
A. 9.5 × 1010 m
B. 9.5 × 1012 m
C. 9.5 × 1015 m
D. 9.5 × 1018 m
2. If you measured the length of a pencil by using the meterstick shown in the figure below and you report your
measurement in centimeters, how many significant figures should your reported measurement have?
A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four
3. Which graph represents an object moving with a constant positive velocity?
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
4. Which graph represents an object at rest?
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
5. Which graph represents an object moving with constant positive acceleration?
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
6. Which of the following statements is true for a ball thrown vertically upward?
A. The ball has a negative acceleration on the way up and a positive acceleration on the way down.
B. The ball has a positive acceleration on the way up and a negative acceleration on the way down.
C. The ball has zero acceleration on the way up and a positive acceleration on the way down.
D. The ball has a constant acceleration throughout its flight.
Use the passage below to answer questions 1–2.
Two blocks of masses m1 and m2 are placed in contact with each other on a smooth, horizontal surface. Block m1 is on the left
of block m2. A constant horizontal force F to the right is applied to m1.
7. What is the acceleration of the two blocks?
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8. What is the horizontal force acting on m2?
A. m1a
B. m2a
C. (m1 + m2)a
D. m1m2a
Use the graph below to answer the next 3 questions. The graph shows the energy of a 75 g yo-yo at different
times as the yo-yo moves up and down on its string.
9. By what amount does the mechanical energy of the yo-yo change after 6.0 s?
A. 500 mJ
B. 0 mJ
C. - 100 mJ
D. - 600 mJ
10. What is the speed of the yo-yo after 4.5 s?
A. 3.1 m/s
B. 2.3 m/s
C. 3.6 m/s
D. J. 1.6 m/s
11. What is the maximum height of the yo-yo?
A. 0.27 m
B. 0.54 m
C. 0.75 m
D. 0.82 m
12. A car with mass m requires 5.0 kJ of work to move from rest to a final speed v. If this same amount of work is
performed during the same amount of time on a car with a mass of 2m, what is the final speed of the second
car?
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Use the passage below to answer the next two questions.
After being struck by a bowling ball, a 1.5 kg bowling pin slides to the right at 3.0 m/s and collides head-on with another
1.5 kg bowling pin initially at rest.
13. What is the final velocity of the second pin if the first pin moves to the right at 0.5 m/s after the collision?
A. 2.5 m/s to the left
B. 2.5 m/s to the right
C. 3.0 m/s to the left
D. 3.0 m/s to the right
14. What is the final velocity of the second pin if the first pin stops moving when it hits the second pin?
A. 2.5 m/s to the left
B. 2.5 m/s to the right
C. 3.0 m/s to the left
D. 3.0 m/s to the right
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PRACTICE FINAL EXAM Short Response
1. Determine the number of significant figures in each of the following measurements.
a. 0.0057 kg
b. 5.70 g
c. 6070 m
d. 6.070 × 103 m
2. The graph below shows the position of a runner at different times during a run. Use the graph to determine the
runner’s displacement and average velocity:
a. for the time interval from t = 0.0 min to t = 10.0 min
b. for the entire run
3. For an object moving with constant negative acceleration, draw the following:
a. a graph of position vs. time
b. a graph of velocity vs. time
For both graphs, assume the object starts with a positive velocity and a positive displacement from the origin.
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4. Draw a free-body diagram representing each of the following objects:
a. a ball falling in the presence of air resistance
b. a helicopter lifting off a landing pad
c.
an athlete running along a horizontal track
Base your answers to your next two questions on the information below.
A 75.0 kg man jumps from a window that is 1.00 m above a sidewalk.
5. Write the equation for the man’s speed when he strikes the ground
6. Calculate the man’s speed when he strikes the ground.
7. A person drops a ball from the top of a building while another person on the ground observes the ball’s motion.
Each observer chooses his or her own location as the level for zero potential energy. Will they calculate the
same values for:
a. the potential energy associated with the ball?
b. the change in potential energy associated with the ball?
c.
the ball’s kinetic energy?
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8. Which drawing below shows the direction in which net energy is transferred as heat between an ice cube and the
freezer walls when the temperature of both is - 10°C? Explain your answer.
9. A piano string tuned to middle C vibrates with a frequency of 262 Hz. Assuming the speed of sound in air is 343
m/s, find the wavelength of the sound waves produced by the string.
10. What is the difference between constructive interference and destructive interference?
11. A car moving eastward along a straight road increases its speed uniformly from 16 m/s to 32 m/s in 10.0 s.
Show all of your work for these calculations.
a.
What is the car’s average acceleration?
b.
What is the car’s average velocity?
c.
How far did the car move while accelerating?
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12. What net force is required to give a 25 kg suitcase an acceleration of 2.2 m/s2 to the right?
13. A 95 kg clock initially at rest on a horizontal floor requires a 650 N horizontal force to set it in motion. After
the clock is in motion, a horizontal force of 560 N keeps it moving with a constant velocity. Find µs and µk
between the clock and the floor.
14. A boat moves through the water with two forces acting on it. One is a 2.10 x 103 N forward push by the
motor, and the other is a 1.80 × 103 N resistive force due to the water.
a. What is the acceleration of the 1200 kg boat?
b. If it starts from rest, how far will it move in 12 s?
c. What will its speed be at the end of this time interval?
15. What is the kinetic energy of an automobile with a mass of 1250 kg traveling at a speed of 11 m/s?
16. What speed would a fly with a mass of 0.55 g need in order to have the same kinetic energy as the automobile
in the previous question.
17. A child and sled with a combined mass of 50.0 kg slide down a frictionless hill that is 7.34 m high. If the sled
starts from rest, what is its speed at the bottom of the hill?
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