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ENERGY REVIEW
Jan. 7, 2014 – Welcome back!!
Questions to answer:
 1. What is potential and kinetic energy?
 2. How is energy “made”?
 3. Where does our electrical energy come
from?
Potential Energy
 Stored energy
Potential Energy
(position/Elastic)
Drawing a Bow
Stretching a
Rubber Band
Potential Energy
(position/Gravity)
Yo-Yo in the
hand
Water at the
top of a
waterfall
Potential
Energy
Chemical Examples:
(Chemistry)
Oil
Gas
Potential Energy
(Chemistry)
Wood
Coal
Battery
Kinetic Energy
 Energy of movement
Kinetic Energy
Wood Burning
Rock Falling
Running
Kinetic Energy
Yo Yo in Motion
Shooting Rubber Band
Water Falling
Shooting Arrow
How is energy “made”?
 Law of Conservation of energy (or why
energy cannot be “made”)!
 The law states: Energy cannot be created
nor destroyed.
 What does this mean? It means that
energy can only change its form from one
type to another. The energy of the world is
a constant because the total amount of
the energy does not change.
Examples of
Energy Transformations
 Due to the Law of
Conservation of Energy,
energy cannot be created
nor destroyed. Meaning,
energy just changes forms!
 Let’s go through the
examples on the right.
So, energy isn’t made, it
just changes forms.
 What are those forms of energy again?
Forms of Energy are:
Chemical
Electrical
Radiant
mechanical
electrical
Mechanical
Thermal
Nuclear
nuclear
Chemical Energy:
 Energy STORED in matter because of its
CHEMICAL bonds. It is released during a
chemical reaction.
Electrical Energy:
Energy in the form of electricity.
Energy from flowing electrons
in a current.
Radiant or light Energy
• Type of energy from the sun. Energy carried
by ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION.
• Radiant=LIGHT (but it
Isn’t always visible)
• Examples:
–
–
–
–
Visible Light/Sunlight (What you see)
X-Rays (invisible)
Microwaves (invisible)
UV Light (invisible)
Mechanical Energy
 Energy of matter caused by its POSITION or
MOTION.
Thermal Energy
 transfers from hotter objects to colder objects.
 This energy comes from the motion of atoms
and molecules.
 The faster the particles in an object move, the
more thermal energy is produced.
Nuclear Energy
 Energy that is released when the nuclei of atoms are
split (fission)or combined (fusion).
Example: Nuclear Power Plant
To put it all together…
Where does our electrical
energy come from?
 Our energy resources come from two main
types of resources, nonrenewable and
renewable.
Sources of Energy
 Non - Renewable – an energy source that is
used much faster than it can be replaced.
 Mainly fossil fuels
 Renewable – an energy source that can be
replaced by natural processes in a “short
period of time”.
 Short period of time in geological terms,
sometimes can be replaced within a human
lifetime, but not always
Non-Renewable:
 Means finite or limited (it will run out)
 Types:
 Coal
 Oil/Petroleum
 Natural Gas
 Nuclear power
Renewable resources
 Uses sources of energy that can be replaced
 Types:
 Hydropower
 Biomass
 Wind
 Geothermal
 Solar
Energy Transformation
Practice
Hair Dryer
Electrical
Mechanical
Thermal
Flashlight
Chemical
Electrical
Radiant
Describe the energy transformations needed for you to
watch your favorite TV show at home.
radiant energy
chemical energy
(photosynthesis)
plants/animals die and
become fossil fuel (coal)
Coal is converted to
electrical energy
Electrical energy is
converted to radiant
(light) & mechanical
energy (sound) by TVs.
Outlets in homes
provide electrical
energy
Power lines transport
electrical energy to homes
Let’s take this one step further: What
are the energy transformations in an
(coal-based) electrical power plant?
The energy transformations in an
electrical power plant:
 Coal is burned Water is heatedSteam turns
the blades of a turbine Turbine spins coil in
generator Generator produces electricity
Energy Changes form worksheet
A hairdryer converts electrical energy into
__________ energy which then transforms
into _____________ energy.

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
Electrical
Chemical
Radiant/Light
Mechanical
Thermal
Nuclear
A computer monitor converts electricity
into _____________ energy.
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


Electrical
Chemical
Radiant/Light
Mechanical
Thermal
Nuclear
A toy car transforms chemical energy of
battery
into electrical energy of electricity
then into ________ energy when the wheels
move.

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


Electrical
Chemical
Radiant/Light
Mechanical
Thermal
CD Player transforms chemical energy of battery
into electrical energy of electricity into
_______ energy as the wheels moves the CD,
________ energy as the laser beam hits the CD,
and ______ energy as you hear the music.

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
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
Electrical
Chemical
Radiant/Light
Mechanical
Thermal
Nuclear
An electric power generator converts
__________ energy of a turning turbine into
_____________energy.

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



Electrical
Chemical
Radiant/Light
Mechanical
Thermal
Nuclear
 When your worksheet is complete, check with a
neighbor that you have completed all of the
steps.
 First set of boxes:
 1. Filled in the top box with form of energy
 2. Drawn a picture
 Second set of boxes (after the arrow)
 1. Filled in the top box with form of energy it has
been converted into
 2. Drawn a picture