Download Cardiovascular system

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Presentation by Ruby Nicholls & Dillon Cady?
WHAT IS IT ?
The cardiovascular system is made up of
the Heart as well as the Blood.
The heart acts as a Pump, transporting the
blood around the body and through the lungs,
while the blood acts like a Delivery system.
FUNCTION
Transportation
Protection
Regulation
WHAT IS BEING TRANSPORTED?
1. Nutrients: O2, CO2, Electrolytes, proteins,
hormones, carbs, and lipids.
a. Electrolytes include K, Mg, Na, N, Cl, and
H2CO3 (carbonic acid)
2. Waste from cells like CO2, nitrogenous waste
a. Nitrogenous waste is the outcome of
nitrogen molecules bonding with other molecules,
producing ammonia
PROTECTOR
White blood cells, antibodies, and platelets flow
in the blood stream protecting against foreign
bodies and stop wounds from bleeding out.
REGULATING
Regulates body temperature, fluid PH, and the
water content of other cells
MAJOR PARTS
Arteries
Veins
Arterioles
Venules
Capillaries
MAJOR PARTS: ARTERIES
Carries oxygenated and deoxygenated
blood away from the heart and towards
the lungs and the body.
Largest artery on the heart is the Aorta
Made up of dense connective tissue
MAJOR PARTS: ARTERIES
MAJOR PARTS: ARTERIOLES
smaller arteries that branch off of larger
arteries and provide capillaries with nutrients
MAJOR PARTS: VEINS
Carries oxygenated and deoxygenated
blood towards the heart.
Made of dense connective tissue but
thinner than the walls of an artery
MAJOR PARTS: VEINS
MAJOR PARTS: VENULES
Small veins that take blood from capillaries and
drain into larger veins that lead to the heart
MAJOR PARTS: CAPILLARIES
Tiny, extremely thin-walled vessels that act as a
bridge between arterioles and venules.
They allow oxygen and nutrients to pass from
the blood into tissues and allow waste products
to pass from the tissues and into the blood
MAJOR PARTS: CAPILLARIES
STRUCTURE OF THE HEART
(INTERIOR)
STRUCTURE OF THE HEART
(EXTERIOR)
PATHWAY THROUGH THE HEART
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Vena cava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary valve (semilunar valve)
Pulmonary arteries
Lungs
Pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
left ventricle
12. Aortic valve (semilunar valve)
13. Aorta
14. Body
SYSTOLIC & DIASTOLIC
The Systolic phase occurs when the heart
contracts increasing the pressure causing the
blood to move out the heart
The Diastolic phase occurs when the heart
relaxes decreasing pressure causing the heart to
fill up with blood
SYSTOLIC & DIASTOLIC
 Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mm Hg
 Blood pressure is recorded as a ratio systolic over
diastolic
SYSTOLIC & DIASTOLIC
PULMONARY & SYSTEMIC
 Pulmonary circulation: the circuit through the lungs
where blood is oxygenated
 Systemic circulation: the circulation where the entire
body receives oxygenated blood.
PULMONARY & SYSTEMIC
HEARTBEATS
 5 waves (PQRST)
 P wave: when the atria's depolarize filling the ventricles with blood
 QRS wave: this is when the ventricles depolarize it causes the AV valves to
shut creating the “lub” sound.
 The S-T segment represents ventricular systole, increased pressure opens
the pulmonary and aortic valves, rushing blood out the arteries.
 The T wave represents ventricular repolarization, or when the ventricles
relax, this action causes the pulmonary and aortic valves to shut creating
the “dub” sound.
 Atrial repolarization cannot be seen on an ECG because it is masked by
the QRS complex
HEARTBEATS
Electrocardiogram
BLOOD
 Plasma is a complex mixture of water, amino acids, proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, hormones, electrolytes, and cellular waste.
Plasma takes over about 55% of the bloods volume.
 Red blood cells carry oxygen with the help of hemoglobin. RBCs also
carry away waste.
 Leukocytes or white blood cells protect the blood stream from foreign
invaders like bacteria, germs and viruses.
 Platelets ,or thrombocytes, help clot blood during bleeding, when they
detect bleeding they release fibrinogen that turns into fibrin which is a long
and threadlike material that tangles RBCs and stick to the surface of the
cut to stop the bleeding.
RED BLOOD CELLS
 Each blood type is classified by the types of antigens
on the Red blood cell and the antibodies that are
present
 Type AB blood has both A and B antigens on its
surface
 Type O blood has no antigens on the surface of the
red blood cells. People who are type O can donate
blood to anyone, but can only receive type O blood.
RBC
RED BLOOD CELLS: RH FACTOR
 Any of several substances on the surface of red blood cells
that induce a strong antigenic response in individuals lacking
the substance.
 Those having inherited such antigens being designated Rh +
(Rh positive) and those lacking them, a much smaller group,
being designated Rh− (Rh negative)
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