Download Cat Dissection Worksheet

Name ___________________
Mrs. Grant, Anatomy and Physiology
Cat Dissection Instructions
Unit 1 External Features
We will follow the directions for dissection of the fetal cat from the manual
Dissection of the Cat by Roger Phillips. In general, leave the specimen
intact as much as possible during the dissection. Remove body parts only when
directed. Structures should be identified and separated from surrounding
tissues rather than cut out and thrown away. Only skin, connective tissue
should be thrown away.
External Anatomy p. 7
Place your cat in a dissecting pan and examine the features of the external surface.
The Head: Identify the following structures:
I.
Head section of cat:
A. What is the purpose of the dense hair? ________________________________
B. Find the sensory hairs (vibrissae) around the mouth, cheeks. What do
you think these are used for? ________________________
C. The eyes are bounded by upper and lower eyelids. Pull the eyelids
apart and find the a membrane in the anterior corner of the eye. What
is the name of this membrane _____________. What is the purpose of this
structure. Compare this structure to that of the human. Describe the
differences you observe? __________________________
D. Name the structure that the pinna is surrounding. What are pinna used
for? __________________
E. Find the fiction pads or tori on the underside of the fee. What are these
used for?
F. Find the anus.
G. Determine the sex of your cat - ___________________________
H. Pinch the tail. What do you feel on the inside of the tail? (a type of
bone) _______________________
II. Unit 3: The muscles p. 17
1. Follow the directions on page 17 for skinning the cat.
2. As you skin you will find the cutaneous maximus. What is the purpose of these
muscles?
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3. Do you find these muscles in humans?
4. Fill out the attached diagrams of the cat muscles.
Digestive System – Circulatory System
Follow the instructions in Phillips, R.’s Dissection of the Fetal Cat .
Begin on Page37. Refer to Unit 4 pages 37-41. You will need to
crack open the jaw to answer the following questions. This is very
difficult in the cat.
1.
Try to find the 3 major salivary glands. Name them:
a. ____________________ b. _____________________ c. ________________
Oral Cavity and Pharynx p. 38.
Tongue:
 The tongue is attached its ventral side of the floor of the oral cavity.
Describe the texture of the tongue.
 What are the “furry” looking elevations on the tongue?
 Describe the different types of papillae and their purpose?
Roof of the mouth
 Describe the difference between the hard palate and the soft palate?
Epiglottis
 Locate the epiglottis and push it back. Describe your observations?
 How does the epiglottis function? How can the epiglottis be involved in
choking?
 Find the palatine tonsil – What is the purpose of this organ?
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In humans, there is a finger-like process which hangs down from the soft
palate. Name this structure.
PRELIMINARY DISSECTION OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY
(see page 39 in your book)
Describe how the internal organs are held in place. ________________________
Esophagus – a flattened, muscular tube leading from the pharynx to the
stomach.
 Describe the esophagus in terms of muscular, tough, etc.
 At the pharyngeal end of the esophagus its wall contains skeletal muscle, but
this gradually changes to smooth muscle at the stomach end. What significance
does this have for swallowing?
Abdominal Cavity:
 Note the body wall. Notice the several distinct layers. Name these layers.
a. _________________________
b. __________________________
c. __________________________
Find the diaphram: Notice that the diaphram separates the cat into two cavities.
 What is the name of the anterior cavity? __________________________
(thoracic or abominal)?
Find the liver:
 Locate the lobes of the liver. Name these lobes.
 What are the functions of the liver?
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Gall Bladder
 Describe the appearance of the gall bladder.
 What is the function of the gall bladder?.
Stomach –
 What is the function of the stomach?
 Describe the following parts of the stomach:
 Cardiac end –
 Pyloric end –
 Greater curvature –
 Lesser Curvature –
What do you think causes a burp? ________________________________________
Before you open the stomach, find the ribbon shaped spleen. What is the function of
the spleen?
________________________________________________________________________
Look beneath the stomach to find the pancreas. What is the function of the pancreas?
Open the stomach by cutting along the greater curvature with the scissors and
rinse out the contents. Find rugae, cardiac valve, and pyloric valve
What is the function of the:
 Rugae
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 Cardiac valve – (look inside the stomach)
 Pyloric valve – (look inside the stomach)
e. Describe the interior of the stomach.
f. What type of muscle tissue makes up the stomach?
Small Intestine:
Extract the small intestines from the gastric cavity and measure the length of
The small intestine. ___________________cm
Cut open a small portion of the small intestine. Use a stereoscope to view a small
piece of the inside of the intestine.
 Describe the appearance inside the small intestine.
 Name and try to identify the 3 regions of the small intestine.
Large intestine - Cecum, colon, rectum, anus, 3 regions of large intestine.
 Find the cecum. Describe the appearance of the cecum.
Pancreas :
What is the function of the pancreas?
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Unit 5: The Urogentital System: Go to page 43.
1. Find the Kidneys.
2. Find the hilus
 Ureter
 Urinary bladder
 Urethra
3. What is the purpose of the kidneys?
4. Find the organs of the reproductive system – (genital system) Use pages 42 or
43 to help you with this. Follow the directions on pp. 43-44 on dissections of this
area.
Unit 6: The Ciculatory System: Go to page 45
1. What is the pericardium? What is its purpose?
2. Follow directions on pp. 45 – 54. YOU DO NOT NEED TO DISSECT THE HEART
UNLESS YOU WOULD LIKE TO. WE ARE GOING TO DO A SHEEP HEART SOON.
Unit 8: The Respiratory System
1.Go to page 56 and 57. Identify the trachea, larynx, hyoid bone, lungs, pleura
2. Make a thin slice of the lung and view with a stereoscope. Describe what you see.
Dissection of the thoracic cavity and neck
Find the heart and name the tissue surrounding the heart. ______________________
What is the purpose of this tissue? ____________________________
Find the thymus gland. What is the function of this gland? __________________
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Find the dark colored thyroid gland lying against the trachea. What do you notice
the trachea is made up of? _____________________________________________ What is
the
purpose of the thyroid gland? _____________________________________________
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