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What caused the SpanishAmerican war?
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Dates
Included..DUHHH!!!
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Jose Marti- 1895 launched a war for
independence from Spain.
William Randolph Hearst- An american
publisher who built the nations largest
newspaper chain and whose methods
profoundly influenced american journalism.
George Dewey- Was admiral of the navy, the
only person in U.S history to have attained the
rank.
Emilio Aguinaldo- was a Filipino
revolutionary, politician and an alleged traitor.
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Yellow Press-Type of journalism that presented
little or no legitimate well researched new and
instead uses eye catching headlines to sell more
newspapers.
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Jingoism-Extreme patriotism especially in the
form of aggressive or warlike foreign policy.
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Rough Riders- A member of the cavalry unit in
witch Theodor Roosevelt
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Treaty of Paris- signed in Paris by representatives
of King George 3rd of Great Britain
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At the end of the nineteenth century, Spain was an
imperial nation in decline. Its formerly vast empire
had dwindled to a small number of possessions,
including the Philippine island in the pacific and
the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico and Cuba.
**Demands by Cuban patriots for independence
from Spanish rule made U.S. intervention in Cuba
a Paramount issue in the relations between the
United States & Spain.
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**Cubans wanted freedom
America saw Cuba as a growing market
**Cuban patriot Jose Marti launched a war for
independence from Spain
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**Newspaper publishers Joseph Pulitzer and
William Randolph Hearst heightened the
public’s dislike of the Spanish government
Their publications were called the Yellow
Press
People in Spain started to establish peace with
Americans
**Jigoism-Aggressive Nationalism
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**February 15, 1889, Maine exploded in
Havana harbor
350 Officers and crew on Board at the time, 266
died
**Yellow Press accused Spain of blowing up
the battleship
**McKinley didn’t Declare war just yet, called
for further investigation
Discovered a mine had blown up the Battleship
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War fever gripped the nation
Speeches and Songs Patronized “Remember
the Maine”
Spain tried to back peddle but it was to late
**April 11, 1898, McKinley asked Congress for
the Authority to use force against Spain to end
fighting in Cuba
**April 19, 1898, U.S. Declared war on Spain
**No intention of annexing Cuba
McKinley asked for 100,000 volunteers
Spain Declared war on united states
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Americans responded enthusiastically to the
war
**200,00 men enlisted in the army
**Americans Heard of a great naval victory
over Spain
**Not in Cuba but in the Pacific Ocean, On the
Opposite side of the world
**The Spanish-American was lasted less then
four months
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**At the beginning of the beginning of the war,
Dewey received instructions to immediately
move against the Philippians
The department Hong Kong and began
gathering information regarding admiral
patrico montojos Spanish fleet at manila
The Spanish was located near cauite, forming
for battle, Dewey attacked montojo on may 1,
1989 in result Dewey destroyed the entire fleet
of older warships
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**With the Spanish fleet destruction, he became
a national hero and was immediately promoted
to rear admiral
Continuing to operate in the Philippines, he
coordinated with Filipino insurgents in
attacking the remaining Spanish force
**He is the only officer to ever hold this rank
and as a special honor was permitted to remain
an active duty beyond mandatory retirement
age
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**American troops landed in Cuba in June 1898
U.S marines captured Guantanamo Bay, and a
force of 17,000 soldiers under U.S army general
Williams Shafter
**In spite of their excitement for the war , the
troops faced deplorable conditions, they were
poorly trained and supplied
The soldiers were issued obsolete weapons and
heavy wool uniforms that were unsuitable for
Cubas tropical climate
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Secretary of state John referred to the conflict
with Spain as a splendid little war because of
the ease and thoroughness of Americans
victory
The war showed splendid to Americans
**With the dilemma of wondering what to do
with Spain’s former teritories
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**Signed by Spain and the united states in
December 1898, the treaty of Paris officially ended
the war
**Spain gave up control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and
the Pacific island of Guam
Sold the Philippines to the untied states for $20
million.
**Teller Amendment prevented United states from
Taking possession of Cuba
However the amendment applied to the
Philippines, which was debated weather to grant
Philippines independence
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In the 1890 book The Influence of Sea Power upon
History, Alfred T. Mahan argued that modern
industrial nations should secure foreign markets for
the purpose of exchanging goods and maintain a
maritime force that is capable of protecting those trade
routes, justifying American imperialistic policy.
**The American Anti-Imperialist League was an
organization established in the United States on June
15, 1898, to battle the American annexation of the
Philippines. The Anti-Imperialist League represented
an older generation and were rooted in an earlier era.
The anti-imperialists didn’t oppose expansion on
commercial, constitutional, religious, or humanitarian
grounds; they believed that annexation and
administration of backward tropical areas would mean
the abandonment of American ideals of selfgovernment and isolation.
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**In 1900 William Jennings ran against William
McKinley Bryan for president, to add to the
chances of winning in the reelection, McKinley
named Theodore Roosevelt “the hero of San Juan
Hill” as his vice president. After U.S. victory over
Spain, McKinley defeated Bryan in the reelection.
The United States had an empire and a new stature
in world affairs as a result of the Spanish American
war.
The war then did mark a turning point in history
for the American foreign policies.
The End