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Energy notes Potential energy - the energy in matter due to_______________________________________________. Various forms of Potential energy include: Elastic – A trampoline resists being stretched out of shape Electrical – A battery operated flashlight converts electrical potential energy into light when turned on Gravitational – Like an apple falling from a tree Chemical – Energy in food is used by our bodies to move; in a lighted firecracker it is used to make a loud sound and scatter pieces of the firecracker Kinetic energy - energy of _______________________________________ Chemical energy is _______________________________________. Examples: ___________, ________________, ______________, and ______________ are fuels that contain ________________________. When these fuels are burned, the chemical energy is released as heat. Electrical energy is ___________________________________________________________________. It can be generated at a _________________________ or inside a ______________________. Lightning and static electricity are also forms of ________________________________. Heat (Thermal) energy is _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________. For example, when you heat a pot of water on a stove, the heat from the burner adds energy to the water, causing the water molecules to move around more rapidly, increasing the water’s thermal energy. Nuclear energy is ______________________________________________________________________ An atom's nucleus can be split apart. When this is done, a tremendous amount of energy is released. The energy is both heat and light energy. This energy, when let out slowly, can be harnessed to generate electricity. When it is let out all at once, it can make a tremendous explosion in an atomic bomb. The word fission means to split apart. Inside the reactor of an atomic power plant, uranium atoms are split apart in a controlled chain reaction. In a chain reaction, particles released by the splitting of the atom go off and strike other uranium atoms splitting those. Those particles given off split still other atoms in a chain reaction. In nuclear power plants, control rods are used to keep the splitting regulated so it doesn't go too fast. Another form of nuclear energy is called fusion. Fusion means joining smaller nuclei (the plural of nucleus) to make a larger nucleus. The sun uses nuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms. This gives off heat and light and other radiation. Light (Radiant) energy is ________________________________________________________________. Examples of sources: __________________________________________________ quiz time :-) (continue to watch the ppt show) Any of the above forms of energy can be changed into other forms of energy. However, no energy is ever lost, nor can it be created from nothing. This can be stated as a law so that it can be applied to new situations as they are encountered: Energy is never created or lost, it can only be converted from one form of energy to other forms of energy. Energy flow diagrams can illustrate how energy is transformed from one form of energy to other forms of energy. There is often branching where one form of energy can be transformed into two or more other forms at the same time. The diagram shows a mobile phone in use. A CD player uses the electrical energy in a battery to produce sound energy. This can be represented by an energy flow diagram. YOUR TURN Sketch energy flow diagrams for the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. matchstick that has just been struck portable laptop computer person running up a staircase electric knife cutting bread soccer player shooting a goal a television set. You do not have to draw pictures of the devices. Boxes can be used to represent the devices.