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Fall Semester Review Questions 1. What is the disadvantage of a map compared to a globe? A. Maps distort distance B. Maps show little detail C. Maps show actual distance D. Maps are very large 2. Which of the following is most accurately represented on a cylindrical projection map? A. oceans B. Equator C. continents D. Poles 3. Which type of projection produces relatively accurate shapes on a map? A. a cylindrical projection B. a planar projection C. a map projection D. a conic projection 4. Which is an example of an absolute location? A. south of London B. Northern hemisphere C. 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. D. 30°N latitude, 150°W long 5. To find relative location, first find A. latitude lines. B. a reference point. C. longitude lines. D. a map projection. 6. A cartographer wants to create a generalized map on a country in Africa and surrounding countries that border it. What type of map should the cartographer make? A. a large-scale map B. a physical map C. a small-scale map D. a thematic map 13. Which part of the biosphere provides oxygen? A. lithosphere B. atmosphere C. hydrosphere D. asthenosphere 14. Which is caused directly by plate tectonics? A. moraines B. weathering C. earthquakes D. erosion 15. An example of an external force of change is A. weathering B. subduction C. accretion D. faulting 16. Which of the following examples illustrates the difference between physical weathering and chemical weathering? A. Beaches form from the sediments washed up by the sea due to physical weathering, but they erode away due to chemical weathering. B. A rock with iron in it is exposed to air and crumbles because of physical weathering, but the same rock crushed by a larger rock breaks apart due to chemical weathering. C. Minerals in water wear away at rock because of physical weathering, but the rock wears away from the force of the water due to chemical weathering. D. A rock is broken into smaller pieces by physical weathering, but some cave formations are created by chemical weathering. 8. When discussing places and regions, which is an example of a formal region? A. French Riviera B. the Corn Belt C. Great Lakes ship industry D. Germany train system 17. Which statement best describes how Earth's position affects temperatures? A. Temperature is measured in degrees on a set scale B. Earth's axis runs from North Pole to South Pole C. Earth's rotation from west to east creates unpredictable temperatures D. Temperatures vary depending on which side of the planet is facing the sun 9. An example of physical geography is the A. importance of human activities in relation to their environment. B. the importance of stabilizing the climate in the Arctic. C. the importance of water to farmers. D. the importance of stopping illegal logging. 18. What determines how much sunlight reaches different locations on Earth at different times of year? A. The amount of sunlight in a seasonal pattern. B. Earth's revolution and its tilted axis. C. Direct sunlight on the Equator. D. Weather patterns typical for an area. 10. Which natural landform joins two continents? A. Isthmus of Panama B. Continental shelf C. Suez Canal D. Sinai Peninsula 19. Which of the following accurately defines weather? A. The atmosphere's condition in one place over an extended time period. B. A variety of patterns typical for an area over a long period of time. C. Direct and indirect sunlight falling on an area. D. The atmosphere's condition in one place during a short time period. 7. Which collects visual information about Earth? A. transmitters B.GPS C.GIS D. satellites 11. About 70% of Earth's surface is part of the A. biosphere B. lithosphere C. hydrosphere D. atmosphere. 12. Which of the following is part of the lithosphere? A. rivers B. oceans C. ocean basins D. lakes 20. Why do parts of the low latitude zone have warm to hot climates? A. The Earth's poles receive continuous, indirect sunlight. B. They receive direct rays from the sun year-round. C. The Earth's atmosphere thins as altitude increases. D. The lower the elevation, the higher the temperatures. 26. Which of the following best describes conditions found in a high-latitude climate zone? A. mild, rainy winters; warm, dry summers B. year-round freezing temps and limited vegetation C. direct sunlight year-round, long summers, cool temps D. cool summers and winters with abundant rainfall 21. Which of the following statements explains how elevation influences climate? A. The Earth's atmosphere thins as altitude increases, producing a colder climate. B. As elevation increases, temperatures rise. C. Mountains at higher elevations receive direct sunlight. D. Thinner air occurs at lower elevations, lowering temperatures. 27. Which of the following is not a temperate climate region in a mid-latitude climate? A. humid subtropical B. marine west coast C. permafrost D. Mediterranean 22. How are the causes of ocean currents similar to those of wind patterns? A. Ocean currents are mainly caused by the even distribution of sunlight, just as wind pattern rely on Sun. B. Ocean currents move in a diagonal pattern, similar to the movement of prevailing winds. C. Both are solely caused by the relationship between the elevation of a place and its temperature. D. Both are caused by Earth's rotation, air pressure changes, and differences in water temperature. 23. Which of the following describes El Niño? A. The result of a process by which dry areas develop on the leeward sides of mountain ranges B. A stream of seawater that flows in the oceans, caused by global winds at the Equator C. An annual pattern of strong winds and severe flooding in Southeast Asia and Australia D. A reversal of ocean currents and water temperatures in the mid-Pacific region 24. What is the first step in formation of a rain shadow? A. Warm, moist air from oceans is pushed upward. B. Hot, dry air causes dry areas or deserts on the leeward sides of mountains. C. Rising air cools and releases moisture in the form of precipitation. D. Precipitation falls on the windward side of the mountain. 25. Which of the following describes an example of a tropical wet climate? A. Wet and dry seasons, high year-round temperatures B. Warm summer with heavy rain, harshly cold winters C. Hot and dry conditions with a small amount of plant and animal life D. Warm, humid air with an avg. daily temperature of 80° 28. Which of the following is NOT considered an element of culture? A. language family B. religion C. climate D. social system 29. An ethnic group is made up of people who share A. a common social class and level of education. B. a common government philosophy. C. a common trade or occupation. D. a common language, history, or place of orgin. 30. An example of an external factor that can affect cultural change is A. the invention of a new way of farming. B. group of refugees from one country moving to another C. leader of the major religion in an area stepping down. D. a shift from food gathering to food production. 31. What is cultural diffusion? A. cultures that have certain traits in common B. an early center of civilization C. the spread of knowledge between cultures D. a common language 32. How have cultural contacts, such as the Internet, affected the world's cultures? A. encouraging migration B. promoting cultural change C. spreading war D. spreading industry 33. What is natural increase in a population? A. the movement of people from place to place B. difference between area's birthrate and its death rate C. number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people D. number of years it takes population to double in size 34. Which might cause death rates in a country to fall? A. zero population growth B. migration C. war D. improved healthcare 35. Which describes zero population growth? A. birthrate is higher than death rate by zero percent B. birthrate is higher than death rate by 60 percent C. death rate is higher than birthrate by 30 percent D. birthrate is lower than death rate by 50 percent 36. Population density is the average number of people A. living in countries with smaller land areas. B. living in rural areas. C. living on a square mile or square kilometer of land. D. living in cities. 37. What is the growth of population in cities and the resulting changes called? A. industrialization B. urbanization C. revolution D. migration 49. Why are fewer people needed in agriculture and manufacturing in more developed countries? A. they grow and produce more with modern technology B. developed countries are wealthier and import goods C. people practice subsistence farming D. they have smaller populations and less need for goods 50. Which is NOT involved in a tertiary economic activity? A. a mechanic B. a computer programmer C. a bookstore owner D. an orange grower 38. Which is an example of a pull factor? A. lack of economic opportunities B. war C. political persecution D. religious freedom 51. Primary economic activities take place A. in factories B. near natural resources C. near city centers D. at places of business 39. In which type of government does the power belong to only one person? A. autocracy B. oligarchy C. theocracy D. democracy 52. The United States makes use of which factor of production when trading with China? A. labor B. goods C. services D. capital 40. Which is an example of a monarch? A. Prime Minister of Britain B. President of the US C. King of Saudi Arabia D. Chancellor of Germany 53. Which of the following resources is nonrenewable? A. fish B. water C. fossil fuels D. timber 41. The source of power in a theocracy is A. religion B. economics C. the people D. the queen 42. A democracy in which people elect others to make law is A. monarch democracy B. assembled democracy C. direct democracy D. representative democracy 43. Which economy is based on the concept of free enterprise? A. mixed economy B. traditional economy C. command economy D. market economy 44. In a command economy, economic activity is controlled by the A. industries B. govt C. people D. business owners. 45. What is the force behind a traditional economy? A. following of customs B. government C. free market D. capitalism 46. Which is an example of a command economy? A. capitalism B. free market C. democracy D. socialism 47. Which of these jobs is a person most likely to have in a less developed country? A. farmer B. computer technician C. teacher D. government representative 48. The country of Panama is on a/an A. archipelago B. isthmus C. island D. volcano 54. How has urbanization affected population distribution in the United States? A. Populations of urban and rural areas have equaled out B. Populations of urban areas have declined C. Populations of rural areas have increased D. Populations of metropolitan areas have increased 55. Mexicans of mixed Spanish and indigenous heritage A. Mayan B. maquiladora C. conquistadors D. mestizo 56. What is a maquiladora? A. manufacturing plant in Mexico owned by foreign company B. free trade agreement b/w Mexico and another country C. an area in which trade restrictions do not apply D. a business center 57. What was the purpose of NAFTA? A. to curb the illegal drug trade in Mexico B. provide more industry-based jobs for Mexican workers C. to eliminate trade barriers b/w Mexico, US and Canada D. encourage more foreign countries to invest in Mexico 58. What is an archiplelago? A. a mountain range formed by volcanic activity B. a strip of land connecting two larger land masses C. a line of volcanoes D. a group or chain of islands 59. What causes the Pacific coast of Peru and Chile to have an arid climate? A. warm ocean conditions B. El Niño winds C. low elevation D. cold ocean current Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. A B D D B C D B C A C C B C A D D B D B D D D A D B C C D B C B B D A C B D A C A D D B A D A B B D B A 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. C D D A C D D