Download Critical Thinking

Name ______________________________ Class___________________Date__________________
Skills Worksheet
Critical Thinking
Work-Alikes
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best describes
how each numbered item functions.
_____ 1. endosperm
a. postal mail
b. plastic wrap
c. a helicopter blade
d. a meal
e. an airplane runway
f. a roof
g. gloves
_____ 2. flower markings
_____ 3. pine seed wing
_____ 4. plant cuticle
_____ 5. pollen grains
_____ 6. seed coat
_____ 7. sepals
Cause and Effect
In the space provided, write the letter of the statement that best matches each
cause or effect given below.
Cause
Effect
8. _______________
These plants are
relatively small in size.
9. Spore capsules open
when spores are
mature.
10. Diploid sporophytes
produce haploid
spores by meiosis.
__________________
__________________
d. Seed plants have
specialized structures
within which seeds
develop.
11. _______________
They develop within
tissues of gametophytes.
12. _______________
They are the most
successful of all plants.
e. Water-conducting cells
of mosses carry water
only short distances.
a. Spores grow into
haploid gametophytes.
b. They are carried away
by wind or water.
c. Seed plants do not
release their spores.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Biology
25
Plant Diversity and Life Cycles
Name ______________________________ Class___________________Date__________________
Critical Thinking continued
Trade-Offs
In the space provided, write the letter of the bad news item that best matches each
numbered good news item below.
Bad News
Good News
_____ 13. Some seeds can survive drought and
cold winters.
_____ 14. Conifers have needle-like leaves that
limit water loss.
_____ 15. Wind-pollinated flowers do not
need insects for pollination.
_____ 16. Gymnosperm cones close after
pollination and protect their seeds
until the seeds are mature.
a. They are usually found only
in cool, dry regions.
b. Most seeds will not sprout
until growing conditions are
favorable.
c. The process can take up to
two years.
d. The plant has to make a lot of
pollen to ensure pollination.
e. They must be covered with a
film of water to reproduce.
_____ 17. Seedless vascular plants thrive in
moist, shady places.
Linkages
In the spaces provided, write the letters of the two statements that are linked
together by the statement in the middle. The choices can be placed in any order.
a. Pollination occurs.
b. Nonvascular plants have eggs and
sperm on separate plants.
c. Seeds are produced by plants.
d. Pollen grains stick to them.
e. Flowers attract insects, bats, and
birds.
f. Competition between parents and
offspring is reduced.
g. Sporophyte generation produces
spores to make gametophytes.
h. Gametophyte generation produces
gametes (egg and sperm).
i. Sperm swim and fertilize an egg.
j. Heavily-scented white flowers open
only at night.
18. _______ Pollen grains stick to
them. _______
19. _______ Seeds disperse by wind,
water, and animals. _______
20. _______ Film of water is needed.
_______
21. _______ Gametes fuse to form a
sporophyte. _______
22. _______ Bats and moths feed on
their nectar. _______
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Biology
26
Plant Diversity and Life Cycles
Name ______________________________ Class___________________Date__________________
Critical Thinking continued
Analogies
An analogy is a relationship between two pairs of terms or phrases written as
a : b :: c : d. The symbol : is read as “is to,” and the symbol :: is read as “as.” In
the space provided, write the letter of the pair of terms or phrases that best
completes the analogy shown.
_____ 23. cuticle : conserve water ::
a. vascular system : grow
b. water : pollinate
c. seed : dispersal
d. wax : anchor to soil
_____ 24. first plants : osmosis ::
a. angiosperms : flowers
b. gymnosperms : cones
c. gymnosperms : leaves
d. vascular plants : conducting tissue
_____ 25. gametophytes : gametes ::
a. nonvascular : antheridia
b. gametes : water film
c. sporophytes : spores
d. liverworts : mosses
_____ 26. angiosperm : flowers ::
a. gymnosperms : cones
b. triploid : haploid
c. angiosperms : gymnosperms
d. ovules : ovary
_____ 27. dicot embryo : two cotyledons ::
a. corn : shoot hook
b. monocot embryo : one cotyledon
c. angiosperm : embryo
d. angiosperm : mature seed
_____ 28. archegonium : eggs ::
a. gametophytes : spores
b. sporophytes : antheridium
c. sporangium : alternation
d. antheridium : sperm
_____ 29. gametophyte generation : nonvascular plants ::
a. xylem and phloem : nonvascular plants
b. sporophyte generation : vascular plants
c. gametophyte generation : vascular plants
d. xylem : phloem
_____ 30. ferns : seedless vascular plants ::
a. club mosses : seed plants
b. angiosperms : seedless vascular plants
c. angiosperms : seed plants
d. horsetails : seed plants
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Biology
27
Plant Diversity and Life Cycles