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Chapter 1 ・ Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives ・ p. 3 Nouns A noun is a person, place, thing or idea. A common noun is a general person, place, or thing. A proper noun refers to a particular person, place, or thing and is usually capitalized. lizard Godzilla The Giggly Guide to Grammar 2008 Cathy Campbell. All rights reserved. www.discoverwriting.com・For classroom use only. Chapter 1 ・ Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives ・ p. 5 Articles Three little words a, an, and the, are called articles or determiners. When you see one of these words, you know that a noun is about to pop up before your very eyes. A tick, an aardvark, and a wart. The Giggly Guide to Grammar 2008 Cathy Campbell. All rights reserved. www.discoverwriting.com・For classroom use only. Chapter 1 ・ Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives ・ p. 12 Pronoun A pronoun is a word that takes the place of one or more nouns. Semore is an unusual child. Yesterday, he shaved his head with his father’s electric razor. Then he carefully braided the hairs on his legs and arms. On his face, he applied a rub-on tattoo of a small warthog. Semore’s parents hope that he is simply going through a phase. The Giggly Guide to Grammar 2008 Cathy Campbell. All rights reserved. www.discoverwriting.com・For classroom use only. Chapter 1 ・ Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives ・ p. 16 Adjectives Adjectives are words that modify, describe, or add detail to nouns and pronouns. Adjectives help the reader visualize what the author writes. The rat, gigantic, crazy-eyed and straggly, bared its sharp, pointed fangs and devoured the cheese. The Giggly Guide to Grammar 2008 Cathy Campbell. All rights reserved. www.discoverwriting.com・For classroom use only. Chapter 1 ・ Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives ・ p. 16 Adjectives Answer Questions Adjectives answer four questions about nouns and pronouns: 1. 2. 3. 4. What kind? How many? Which one? How much? Can you match the adjectives to answer each question? The rat, gigantic, crazy-eyed and straggly, bared its sharp, pointed fangs and devoured the cheese. The Giggly Guide to Grammar 2008 Cathy Campbell. All rights reserved. www.discoverwriting.com・For classroom use only. Chapter 2 ・ Verbs and Adverbs ・ p. 25 Action Verbs Action verbs show action. Sometimes you can’t see the action even though it’s happening, as with to think or to know. What verbs can you use to tell what she’s doing? The Giggly Guide to Grammar 2008 Cathy Campbell. All rights reserved. www.discoverwriting.com・For classroom use only. Chapter 2 ・ Verbs and Adverbs ・ p. 27 Linking Verbs Boring linking verbs connect, or “link” the subject of a sentence to a word that follows it and refers back to the subject. The most common linking verbs are the forms of to be. Fluffy’s hairball is hefty. “Is” links the subject, hairball, to the adjective, hefty. The Giggly Guide to Grammar 2008 Cathy Campbell. All rights reserved. www.discoverwriting.com・For classroom use only. Chapter 2 ・ Verbs and Adverbs ・ p. 31 Verb Phrase A verb phrase consists of one or more helping verbs followed by a main verb. These verbs join together to act as one verb. Bozo is making balloon marsupials for the children. Is-helping verb, making-main verb, is making-verb phrase. The Giggly Guide to Grammar 2008 Cathy Campbell. All rights reserved. www.discoverwriting.com・For classroom use only. Chapter 2 ・ Verbs and Adverbs ・ p. 35 Adverbs An adverb is a single word that modifies, adds details or describes verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Adverbs answer where, when, how, to what extent. What question do these adverbs answer? Studies convincingly demonstrate that electric rollers greatly stimulate brain cells and dramatically increase IQ’s. The Giggly Guide to Grammar 2008 Cathy Campbell. All rights reserved. www.discoverwriting.com・For classroom use only.