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Physician Data Query (PDQ®) Update
PDQ (Physician Data Query) is the National
Cancer Institute’s source of comprehensive cancer information. It contains peer-reviewed, evidence-based cancer information summaries on
treatment, supportive care, screening, prevention, genetics, and complementary and alternative medicine. The summaries are regularly
updated by six editorial boards. The following
PDQ summaries were recently updated:
Ewing CM, Ray AM, Lange EM, et al.:
Germline mutations in HOXB13 and
prostate cancer risk. N Engl J Med
366(2):141-9, 2012. PMID: 22236224
The PDQ Genetics of Prostate Cancer
summary was updated to include results
from a study in which a recurrent germline
mutation in the HOXB13 gene was associated with hereditary prostate cancer. The
exons of 200 genes in 17q21-22, a chromosomal region that previously had been
identified as a candidate region for prostate
cancer susceptibility, were sequenced in 94
individuals from unrelated families with
hereditary prostate cancer. The mutation
was found in probands from four of these
families and in 18 men affected with prostate
cancer in the four families. The mutation
status of 5,083 unrelated men with prostate
cancer and 1,401 control subjects was also
determined. The carrier frequency in the
case subjects was approximately 20 times
that in the control subjects (1.4% vs. 0.1%;
P = 8.5 x 10-7), with the highest carrier
frequency reported in individuals with both
a family history of prostate cancer and a
younger age (≤55 y) at diagnosis (33 of 1,073
jnci.oxfordjournals.org
case subjects, or 3.1%). HOXB13 plays a
role in prostate development and binds to
the androgen receptor; however, the mechanism by which it contributes to the pathogenesis of prostate cancer remains unknown.
This is the first gene mutation proven to
account for a fraction of hereditary prostate
cancer, particularly early-onset prostate cancer, but the clinical utility of testing for the
mutation has not yet been defined.
To review the summary, please use the
following link:
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/
genetics/prostate/healthprofessional/
allpages#Section_820
Although the Gleason scores at radical
prostatectomy were higher in the surveillance group than in the immediate prostatectomy group, this occurred concurrently
with a national training effort in prostate
tumor pathology evaluation that led to the
upgrading of tumor specimens. The investigators concluded that the delay in prostatectomy in the surveillance group
artifactually led to the assignment of higher
grades.
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/
treatment/prostate/HealthProfessional/
page1/AllPages#4
The PDQ Breast Cancer Treatment
summary was recently updated to include
Holmström B, Holmberg E, Egevad L,
et al.: Outcome of primary versus
deferred radical prostatectomy in the
National Prostate Cancer Register of
Sweden Follow-Up Study. J Urol 184
(4): 1322-7, 2010. PMID: 20723940
The PDQ Prostate Cancer Treatment
summary was updated to include addi-
tional results from a National Prostate
Cancer Register of Sweden Follow-Up
Study already described in the summary.
The pathologic characteristics of the
tumors of 222 men in the cohort who followed an initial strategy of surveillance but
underwent deferred prostatectomy at a
median of 19.2 months were compared to
those of men who underwent immediate
prostatectomy. No differences were found
between the two groups in extraprostatic
extension or tumor margin positivity.
information about the November 2011
decision by the Food and Drug
Administration to revoke the approval of
bevacizumab for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, given bevacizumab’s
considerable toxicity profile and the consistent finding that bevacizumab only modestly improved progression-free survival
but not overall survival.
FDA News Release
(http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/
Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/
ucm280536.htm)
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/
treatment/breast/healthprofessional/
Page7#Section_797
© Oxford University Press 2012. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djs159
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