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NEWS Physician Data Query (PDQ®) Update PDQ (Physician Data Query) is the National Cancer Institute’s source of comprehensive cancer information. It contains peer-reviewed, evidence-based cancer information summaries on treatment, supportive care, screening, prevention, genetics, and complementary and alternative medicine. The summaries are regularly updated by six editorial boards. The following PDQ summaries were recently updated: Ewing CM, Ray AM, Lange EM, et al.: Germline mutations in HOXB13 and prostate cancer risk. N Engl J Med 366(2):141-9, 2012. PMID: 22236224 The PDQ Genetics of Prostate Cancer summary was updated to include results from a study in which a recurrent germline mutation in the HOXB13 gene was associated with hereditary prostate cancer. The exons of 200 genes in 17q21-22, a chromosomal region that previously had been identified as a candidate region for prostate cancer susceptibility, were sequenced in 94 individuals from unrelated families with hereditary prostate cancer. The mutation was found in probands from four of these families and in 18 men affected with prostate cancer in the four families. The mutation status of 5,083 unrelated men with prostate cancer and 1,401 control subjects was also determined. The carrier frequency in the case subjects was approximately 20 times that in the control subjects (1.4% vs. 0.1%; P = 8.5 x 10-7), with the highest carrier frequency reported in individuals with both a family history of prostate cancer and a younger age (≤55 y) at diagnosis (33 of 1,073 jnci.oxfordjournals.org case subjects, or 3.1%). HOXB13 plays a role in prostate development and binds to the androgen receptor; however, the mechanism by which it contributes to the pathogenesis of prostate cancer remains unknown. This is the first gene mutation proven to account for a fraction of hereditary prostate cancer, particularly early-onset prostate cancer, but the clinical utility of testing for the mutation has not yet been defined. To review the summary, please use the following link: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/ genetics/prostate/healthprofessional/ allpages#Section_820 Although the Gleason scores at radical prostatectomy were higher in the surveillance group than in the immediate prostatectomy group, this occurred concurrently with a national training effort in prostate tumor pathology evaluation that led to the upgrading of tumor specimens. The investigators concluded that the delay in prostatectomy in the surveillance group artifactually led to the assignment of higher grades. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/ treatment/prostate/HealthProfessional/ page1/AllPages#4 The PDQ Breast Cancer Treatment summary was recently updated to include Holmström B, Holmberg E, Egevad L, et al.: Outcome of primary versus deferred radical prostatectomy in the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden Follow-Up Study. J Urol 184 (4): 1322-7, 2010. PMID: 20723940 The PDQ Prostate Cancer Treatment summary was updated to include addi- tional results from a National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden Follow-Up Study already described in the summary. The pathologic characteristics of the tumors of 222 men in the cohort who followed an initial strategy of surveillance but underwent deferred prostatectomy at a median of 19.2 months were compared to those of men who underwent immediate prostatectomy. No differences were found between the two groups in extraprostatic extension or tumor margin positivity. information about the November 2011 decision by the Food and Drug Administration to revoke the approval of bevacizumab for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, given bevacizumab’s considerable toxicity profile and the consistent finding that bevacizumab only modestly improved progression-free survival but not overall survival. FDA News Release (http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/ Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ ucm280536.htm) http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/ treatment/breast/healthprofessional/ Page7#Section_797 © Oxford University Press 2012. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djs159 JNCI | News 355