Download Zoology 1st 9 Weeks Benchmark Review Sheet Animals Refer to the

 Zoology 1st 9 Weeks Benchmark Review Sheet Animals Refer to the illustrations below. The diagrams are cross sections of 3 types of animal bodies. (Questions 1-­‐3) 1. An organism with no body cavity is shown in which diagram? (acoelomate – ex. flatworms) 1 2. An organism with a false body cavity is shown in which diagram? (pseudocoelomate – ex. roundworms) 2 3. An organism with a true body cavity is shown in which diagram? (coelomate – ex. segmented worms, human) 3 4. Define cephalization? characterized by the concentration of sensory and brain structures in the anterior end Refer to the illustrations below. (Questions 5-­‐7) 5. Organism 1 has what type of symmetry? asymmetric 6. Organism 2 has what type of symmetry? radial 7. Organism 3 has what type of symmetry? bilateral Refer to the illustration below. (Questions 8-­‐11) 8.
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The position of arrow __4__ can be referred to as anterior. The position of arrow __2__ can be referred to as posterior. The position of arrow __1__ can be referred to as dorsal. The position of arrow __3__ can be referred to as ventral. 12. Which of the following is found only in animals? (underline 1) the ability to move, sexual reproduction, muscle tissue and nervous tissue, or heterotrophy 13. What is a group of similar cells organized into a functional unit is called? tissue 14. List 3 characteristics of all the members of the kingdom Animalia? heterotrophs, multicellular, and cells without cell walls Sponges 15. List 3 ways in which sponges can reproduce. budding of new sponge from the parent, breakup of the original parent into fragments that each become a new sponge, and sexually using sperm and eggs 16. What is a hermaphroditic organism and what do they produce? possess both male and female gonads, and they produce both eggs and sperm 17. List 3 characteristics of sponges. nonsymmetrical, lack organization into tissue and organs, and possess cells that are capable of recognizing other sponge cells 18. Which of the following distinguishes sponges from other invertebrates? (underline 1) they are not motile in any stage of their life cycle, they obtain nutrients by diffusion rather than by ingestion, their cells are not organized into tissues, or they reproduce only asexually Cnidarians 19. List a characteristic associated only with cnidarians. cnidocytes (stinging cells) specialized for defense and capturing prey 20. Many cnidarians have 2 distinct life cycles. What are they? polyp and medusa Worms 21. How can humans avoid trichinosis? avoid undercooked meat 22. Tapeworms absorb food from the host through their tegument (skin). 23. List 3 reasons why a roundworm’s digestive tract can be considered an advancement over a gastrovascular cavity. food moves through it in only 1 direction, different parts of the tract can carry out different functions, and undigested wastes do not have to leave through the same opening where food is taken in 24. All of the following groups of invertebrates are coelomates (have a true body cavity) except: (underline 1) annelids – ex. segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, or nematodes – ex. roundworms 25.
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Flatworms have a digestive tract with __1__ opening(s). Roundworms have a digestive tract with __2__ opening(s). Segmented worms have a digestive tract with __2__ opening(s). Why do flatworms have no need for circulatory and respiratory systems? their cells are close to the animal’s exterior surface Discussion Questions 29. List the 8 phyla of invertebrates and give an example of each phylum. Phylum Porifera -­‐ sponges Phylum Cnidaria -­‐ jellyfish Phylum Platyhelminthes – flatworms (ex. planaria) Phylum Nematoda – roundworms (ex. hookworms) Phylum Annelida – segmented worms (ex. earthworm) Phylum Mollusca – clams Phylum Echinodermata – starfish Phylum Arthropoda – crustaceans, insects, and arachnids (ex. below) 30. List the 3 classes of Phylum Arthropoda and give an example of each class. Class Crustacean – crayfish Class Insecta – grasshoppers Class Arachnida – spider