Download Mysteries Of Space

Mysteries Of Space
Uncovered by Flora and Rose
Milky way
Our galaxy that we live in is called the milky way. In the Milky Way, there is;
the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Our planet Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune and Pluto the dwarf planet. Did you know that it would take 100,000
years for light to travel across our galaxy? Light travels really really really
really really really fast. That's how big our galaxy is.
The Asteroid Belt
The main Asteroid belt is 329,115,316 to 478,713,186 km away from Earth, in
other words it is two and a half times as far away as the Earth is from the sun. The
asteroid belt can be divided into to pieces, the inner and the outer belt. The inner
belt is formed with asteroids and the outer belt with something else with a few
asteroids.
Black holes
Black holes are holes in space that have an extremely strong gravitational
force that pull anything in that goes near it. They do not suck. They are also
very very cold.
There is 3 types of black holes: Stellar, supermassive and the intermediate.
The supermassive black holes ( S.M.B.H ) are the largest sort of black hole
there is. Each S.M.B.H has hundreds of thousands to billions of solar masses
( M☉ ) and is in the middle of almost all well known galaxies such as the
Milky way.
Stars and Constellations
A star is a ball of gas in space. A constellation is a group of stars in the sky
that when put together, they make an image.
Did you know that scientists estimate that there is more stars in the sky that
grains on the earth? Thats a lot of stars.
Here is some facts that you might not know: every star you see in the sky are
bigger and brighter than our sun, the sun is really a dwarf star, that stars do
not twinkle and blue stars are really the hottest so red stars are really the
coldest.
Our galaxy contains about 200 billion stars.
The order of the planets
Do not be mistaken ,the planets are not in a straight line.The opposite in fact.
The order of the planets from the Sun are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars,
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. In between these amazing planets are
dwarf planets such as Pluto, Ceres, Makemake, Haumea and Eris. A dwarf
planet is a really small planet.
Don’t be fooled, the space in between each planet is not to scale. If you were
to make the solar system to scale with earth the size of a marble, you would
need 7 miles of space!
Did you know that the sun is not really a planet, it is a star.
Moon: Facts
Facts
Moon:
Did you know that there is more than 1 moon? Each planet has lots
Did you know that there is more than 1 moon? Each planet has lots
moons. The second largest moon is almost the size of Mercury and that
moons. The second largest moon is almost the size of Mercury and
moon belongs to Jupiter. That moon’s name is Callisto.
that moon belongs to Jupiter. That moon’s name is Callisto.
Comets
Comets
Comets are mostly made of: ice, rock and small amounts of dust.
Some famous comets are: comet Halley, Lovejoy, Hyakutake, Halebopp, Mcnaught, etc. Comets are big rocks that move really fast in
space.
Sun/Sol facts
Sun/Sol: facts
As you already know, that sun is very hot, but how hot? Well, it’s
5,500c and the temp inside the sun can reach to…..50000 c!!!!!!!
Did you know that the sun is really a dwarf star and that every
star we see in the sky is bigger and brighter than our sun!!
Mercury:
Facts
Mercury:
Facts
Day: 58 Earth days and 12 hours.
Day: 58 Earth days and 12 hours.
Year: 88 Earth days.
Year:4,900
88 Earth
days.
Size:
kDay:
58 Earth days and 12 hours.
Size: 88
4,900
kmdays.
across.
Year:
Earth
Features:
The Caloris Basin and Deep craters with ice ice in them.
Size:
4,900Cliffs,
km across.
Temperature:
during the
day
and
183c
at night.
Features:
Cliffs,427c
The Caloris
Basin
and
Deep
craters
with ice ice in them.
Temperature: 427c during the day and 183c at night.
m across.
Venus:
Facts
Venus:
Facts
Day: 243 Earth days.
Day: 243 Earth days.
Year: 225 Earth days because the planet spins so slowly that one day on Venus is
Year:
225
Earth
daysyear,
because
the planet
spinsyou
so slowly
one
day on
Venus is
more
than
one
Venus
and just
to confuse
somethat
more
Venus
spins
more than one Venus year, and just to confuse you some more Venus spins
backward compared to all the other planets.
backward compared to all the other planets.
Size: 12,100 km across.
Size: 12,100 km across.
Features: Volcanoes are Venus’s main feature they are not erupting at the time but
Features: Volcanoes are Venus’s main feature they are not erupting at the time
may start any moment. Venus is named after the Roman goddess of beauty.
but may start any moment. Venus is named after the Roman goddess of beauty.
Temperature:
Around 500c and the hottest place in the solar system not counting
Temperature: Around 500c and the hottest place in the solar system not counting
thethe
sun.
sun.
Other:
It isIt impossible
hot and
andthe
thegravitational
gravitational
Other:
is impossibletotolive
liveon
onVenus
Venusbecause
because itit is
is so
so hot
pullpull
is so
strong,
it will
is so
strong,
it willsquash
squashyou.
you.
Earth:Facts
Facts
Earth:
Day:
Day:24
24hours.
hours.
Year:
366.
Year:365
365days
daysor
orininaa leap
leap year, 366.
Size:
Size:12,700
12,700km
kmacross.
across.
Features:The
TheOcean
Ocean -- 71%
71% of the Earth
forests.
The
other
Features:
Earth isiswater,
water,bushland
bushlandand
and
forests.
The
29%29%
is made
made
stuff.stuff.
EarthEarth
is theisonly
not named
after aafter
Roman
or
other
is man
made
the planet
only planet
not named
a Roman
orGreek
GreekGod/Goddess.
God/Goddess.
Temperature:Hot
Hotnear
near the
the equator
equator and
North
or or
South
pole.
Temperature:
andcold
coldnear
nearthe
the
North
South
pole.
Mars:
Mars: Facts
facts
Day:2424Earth
Earthhours
hoursand
and 37
37 minutes
Day:
Year:687
687Earth
Earthdays
days
Year:
Size:6,800
6,800km
kmacross
across
Size:
Features:The
TheMarina
Marina Valley
Valley ,, which
which is
system
( 6.4
Features:
is the
thelongest
longestvalley
valleyininthe
thesolar
solar
system
( 6.4
kmdeep
deepand
and241
241km
kmwide
wide -- 44 times
times longer
thethe
Grand
km
longerand
and66times
timeswider
widerthan
than
Grand
Canyon.Dried
Driedup
uprivers
rivers and
and lakes
lakes from
water
billions
of
Canyon.
from when
whenMars
Marswas
wasstill
stillfull
fullofof
water
billions
ofyears
yearsago.
ago.
Temperature: -30c / very cold
Temperature: -30c / very cold
Jupiter: Facts
Jupiter: Facts
Day: 9 hours and 54 minutes
Year: 11, nearly 12 Earth years
Size: 69,911 km
Features: The Great Red Spot, which is actually the top of a large cyclone..
Temperature: -145c but the planet is famous for changing temperature
constantly
Other: Jupiter was named after the Roman ruler of the Gods
Saturn:
Saturn:
Facts
Facts
Day:10.7 Earth hours
Day:10.7 Earth hours
Year: 29.4 Earth days
Year: 29.4 Earth days
Size: Diameter is 74,904 miles or 120, 540 km
Size: Diameter is 74,904 miles or 120, 540 km
Features: Saturn as you probably already know has a large ring around it. Saturn
has 62 moons.
Saturn
wasprobably
named after
the Roman
Goda of
harvest.
Features:
Saturn
as you
already
know has
large
ring around it.
Saturn
has 62 moons. Saturn was named after the Roman God of harvest.
Temperature: The surface temperature is - 139c
Temperature: The surface temperature is - 139c
Uranus: Facts
Day: 17.2 Earth hours
Day: 17.2 Earth hours
Year: 83.8 Earth years
Year: 83.8 Earth years
Size:
The diameter is 31,766 miles or 50,826 km.
Size: The diameter is 31,766 miles or 50,826 km.
Features:
Uranus
God of
ofthe
thesky.
sky.The
Theouter
outerlayer
layer
Features:
Uranuswas
wasnamed
namedafter
after the
the Roman
Roman God
of of
Uranus
is is
made
methanegases.
gases.The
Theinner
innerlayer
layer
Uranus
madeupupof:
of:Hydrogen
Hydrogen helium
helium and
and methane
is is
made
upup
ofof
water,
Uranushas
hasaarocky
rockycore.
core.Uranus
Uranus
made
water,ammonia
ammoniaand
andmethane
methane slush.
slush. Uranus
and
Neptune
they are
areboth
bothmade
madeupupofofthe
the
and
Neptuneare
arevery
verymuch
muchlike
liketwins
twins because
because they
same
features.
Neptuneboth
bothhave
havedark,
a dark,
same
features.Did
Didyou
youknow
knowthat
thatUranus
Uranus and Neptune
thinthin
ring ring
around
them?
around
them?
Temperature:The
Thesurface
surfacetemp
tempis:
is: -197c
-197c and that
Temperature:
that isis EXTREMELY
EXTREMELYcold
cold
Neptune:Facts
Facts
Neptune:
Day:
16.1
earth
Day:
16.1
earthdays
days
Year:163.7
Year:163.7Earth
Earthdays
days
Size:
Diameterisis1,429
1,429miles
milesor
or2,300
2,300 km
Size:
Diameter
Features:
layersofofhydrogen,
hydrogen,helium,methane
helium,methane gases,
Features:
layers
gases,water,
water,methane
methaneice,
ice,
ammonia
andthe
theinner
innercore
coreisismade
made of
of rock. Neptune
ammonia
and
Neptunewas
wasnamed
namedafter
afterRoman
Roman
God
the
seas.Neptune
Neptunehas
has19
19 moons.
moons. Uranus
Uranus and
like
God
of of
the
seas.
andNeptune
Neptuneare
arevery
verymuch
much
like
twins
becausethey
theyare
areboth
bothmade
made up
up of
of the
the same
twins
because
same features.
features.Did
Didyou
youknow
knowthat
that
Uranus
andNeptune
Neptuneboth
bothhave
havedark,
dark, thin
thin ring
ring around
Uranus
and
aroundthem?
them?
Temperature:The
Thetemperature
temperatureon
on Neptune
Neptune is
Temperature:
is very
very very
verycold.
cold.
Dark Matter and Dark Energy
Dark matter, an explanation
Invisible dark matter makes up most of the universe – but we can only detect it
from its gravitational effects
Regular matter is the stuff we can see that makes up things such as rocks, trees,
stars and planets. A less simple word for regular matter is baryonic matter, it is
named baryonic matter because it is made of particles called baryons.
Nobody knows exactly what dark energy is made of but energy has enough force
to repel gravity.
The Earth is 74% dark energy, 22% dark matter and 4% visible/regular matter
Bibliography
Websites
http://www.universetoday.com/72305/order-of-the-planets-from-the-sun/
http://space-facts.com/dwarf-planets/
http://www.space.com/15421-black-holes-facts-formation-discovery-sdcmp.html
http://earthsky.org/space/ten-things-you-may-not-know-about-stars
http://www.space.com/16105-asteroid-belt.html
http://www.cfhtlens.org/public/what-dark-matter
http://hubblesite.org/hubble_discoveries/dark_energy/de-what_is_dark_energy.php
Books
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