Download Unit 7 Vocabulary _ Protein Synthesis

Name:_____________________Period:_________
Unit 7 Vocabulary _ Protein Synthesis
PAGE 1
_____1.
Synthesis
E
A. one of the nitrogen-containing purines (adenine or
guanine) or pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, or uracil)
found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA.
H Protein
_____2.
B. Along with sugars and bases, it forms part of the
important life-sustaining molecules, like DNA and RNA.
_____3.
Nucleic Acids
J
C. the spiral arrangement of the two complementary
strands of DNA that looks like a twisted ladder or spiral
staircase.
A
_____4.
Nitrogenous
base
D. the 5-carbon sugar found in a DNA
_____5.
Nucleotide
G
E. to make or create; the natural chemical production of a
I
_____6.
Base pairing
D
_____7.
Deoxyribose
B
_____8.
Phosphate
Group
F
_____9.
DNA
C
_____10.
Double helix
monomer/nucleotide.
substance in animals and plants
F. deoxyribonucleic acid; an extremely long
macromolecule that is the main component of
chromosomes and is the material that transfers genetic
characteristics in all life forms, constructed of two
nucleotide strands coiled around each other in a ladder
like arrangement with the sidepieces composed of
alternating phosphate and deoxyribose units and the
rungs composed of the purine and pyrimidine bases
adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine: the genetic
information of DNA is encoded in the sequence of the
bases and is transcribed as the strands unwind and
replicate.
G. monomer of nucleic acids, DNA & RNA, that are made
up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a
nitrogen base
H. macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth
and repair and to make up enzymes; made of amino
acids
I. nitrogen bases bond with specific base types; bonds in
DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and
only between guanine and cytosine.
J. macromolecule containing carbon hydrogen, oxygen,
nitrogen, and phosphorus; also called DNA and RNA.
Name:_____________________Period:_________
Unit 7 Vocabulary _ Protein Synthesis
PAGE 2
G
_____1.
Adenine
_____2.
Guanine
J
A. a pyrimidine base, C 5 H 6 N 2 O 2, that is one of the
principal components of DNA, in which it is paired
with adenine. (a pyrimidine has a 1 ring structure)
Symbol: T.
B. the 5-carbon sugar found in a RNA
monomer/nucleotide.
C. a pyrimidine base, C 4 H 4 N 2 O 2, that is one of the
_____3.
Thymine
A
F
_____4.
Cytosine
C
_____5.
Uracil
fundamental components of RNA, in which it forms
base pairs with adenine. (a pyrimidine has a 1 ring
structure) Symbol: U.
D. decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide
chain
E. the process by which amino acids form specific
polypeptide chains and then are folded in to
particular shapes for different functions.
F. a pyrimidine nitrogen base, C 4 H 5 N 3 O, that is one
B
_____6.
Ribose
I
_____7.
Transcription
D Translation
_____8.
H
_____9.
Replication
of the fundamental components of DNA and RNA, in
which it forms a base pair with guanine. (a pyrimidine
has a 1 ring structure) Symbol: C.
G. a purine nitrogen base, C 5 H 5 N 5, one of the
fundamental components of nucleic acids, as DNA, in
which it forms a base pair with thymine, and RNA, in
which it pairs with uracil. (a purine has a 2 ring
structure) Symbol: A.
H. copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA
I. process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of
DNA is copied into a complementary sequence in RNA
E
_____10.
Protein
Synthesis
J. a purine nitrogen base, C 5 H 5 N 5 O, that is a
fundamental constituent of DNA and RNA, in which it
forms base pairs with cytosine. . (a purine has a 2 ring
structure) Symbol: G.
Name:_____________________Period:_________
Unit 7 Vocabulary _ Protein Synthesis
PAGE 3
A. a small RNA molecule, consisting of a strand of
D RNA
_____1.
nucleotides folded into a clover-leaf shape, that picks
up an unattached amino acid within the cell
cytoplasm and conveys it to the ribosome for protein
synthesis.
E
_____2.
Amino Acids
B. enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins
F
_____3.
Codons
C. group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are
individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
complementary to an mRNA codon
D. ribonucleic acid: any of a class of single-stranded
C
_____4.
Anticodons
_____5.
DNA
B
Polymerase
_____6.
A Transfer RNA
(tRNA)
molecules transcribed from DNA in the cell nucleus or
in the mitochondrion or chloroplast, containing along
the strand a linear sequence of nucleotide bases that
is complementary to the DNA strand from which it is
transcribed: the composition of the RNA molecule is
identical with that of DNA except for the substitution
of the sugar ribose for deoxyribose and the
substitution of the nucleotide base uracil for thymine.
E. compound with an amino group (--NH2) on one end
and a carboxyl group (--COOH) on the other end; the
building block/monomer of a protein
F. three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that
codes for a single amino acid