Download Hitler`s Lightning War Close Read

Hitler’s Lightning War
Close Read
Standards Alignment
Text with Close Read instructions for students
Intended to be the initial read in which students annotate the text as they read.
Students may want to circle unfamiliar vocabulary, underline key ideas, or
comment on the information presented.
Standards Alignment
California State Standards for Grade 10
•
10.7 Students analyze the rise of totalitarian governments after World War I.
•
3. Analyze the rise, aggression, and human costs of totalitarian regimes (Fascist and
Communist) in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union, noting especially their common
and dissimilar traits.
•
10.8 Students analyze the causes and consequences of World War II.
•
•
•
•
1. Compare the German, Italian, and Japanese drives for empire in the 1930s, including the
1937 Rape of Nanking, other atrocities in China, and the Stalin-Hitler Pact of 1939.
2. Understand the role of appeasement, nonintervention (isolationism), and the domestic
distractions in Europe and the United States prior to the outbreak of World War II.
3. Identify and locate the Allied and Axis powers on a map and discuss the major turning points
of the war, the principal theaters of conflict, key strategic decisions, and the resulting war
conferences and political resolutions, with emphasis on the importance of geographic factors.
4. Describe the political, diplomatic, and military leaders during the war (e.g., Winston Churchill,
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Emperor Hirohito, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Joseph Stalin,
Douglas MacArthur, Dwight Eisenhower).
Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– RH 1 - Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary
sources, attending to such features as the date and origin of the information.
– RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source;
provide an accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the
text.
– RH 3 - Analyze in detail a series of events described in a text; determine whether earlier
events caused later ones or simply preceded them.
– RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including
vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social studies.
– RH 5 - Analyze how a text uses structure to emphasize key points or advance an
explanation or analysis.
Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization,
and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
– WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and
research.
Hitler’s Lightning War
Germany Sparks a New War in Europe
What caused Britain and France to declare war?
In 1939, Adolf Hitler decided to move on Poland.
He had already conquered Austria and Czechoslovakia.
When Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with Joseph
Stalin of the Soviet Union, they agreed not to attack each
other. Secretly, they also agreed to split Poland between
them. This deal removed the threat of the Soviets
attacking Germany from the east.
So, on September 1, the German army invaded
Poland in a Surprise attack. Using Planes, tanks, and
troops, it moved suddenly in a technique called
blitzkrieg, or “lightening war.” Britain and France
declared war, but Poland fell before they could help.
On September 17, after secret agreement with
Hitler, Stalin invaded eastern Poland. Stalin then began
annexing the regions covered in a second part of the
agreement. Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia fell without a
struggle. However, Finland fought back. In March 1940,
Finland was forced to surrender.
For seven months after Poland fell to the
Germans, Europe was calm. France and Britain got their
armies ready. They waited for Hitler’s next move.
The Fall of France; The Battle of Britain
What happened when France and Britain were attacked?
Suddenly in April 1940, Hitler’s armies invaded
Denmark and Norway. Within two months, they also
captured Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and
France. Part of the French army, led by Charles de
Gaulle, escaped to Britain to remain free and continue
the fight. By then, Italy’s Benito Mussolini had joined
Hitler’s side.
Great Britain – now led by Winston Churchill –
stood alone. The German air force began bombing
Britain. It wanted to weaken the country. Germany was
getting prepared to invade Britain. But the British air
force fought back. It was helped by the recently
developed radar. This was an electronic tracking system
that warned of coming attacks. Also, the British had
broken the German army’s secret code. The Battle of
Britain lasted many months. Unable to break British
defenses, Hitler called off the attacks in May 1941.
Directions: As you read, circle unfamiliar
vocabulary, underline key ideas, and comment on
the information presented.
Hitler’s Lightning War
The Mediterranean and the Eastern Front
What countries did Hitler invade?
Hitler then turned his attention to the east and
to the Mediterranean. Germany sent troops under
General Erwin Rommel to North Africa to help Italy fight
the British. In April 1941, German armies quickly took
control of Yugoslavia and Greece. In June, Hitler began a
surprise invasion of the Soviet Union. The Red Army was
the largest in the world. But it was not well-equipped or
well-trained. The Germans quickly pushed deep into
Soviet territory. The Red Army was forced to retreat.
To keep supplies out of German hands, the Red
Army destroyed everything left behind. The Germans
were stopped from taking Leningrad in the north. They
then turned to Moscow, the Soviet capital. A strong
Soviet counterattack, combined with fierce Russian
winter weather, forced the Germans back. Moscow had
been saved, and the battle had cost the Germans
500,000 lives.
The United States Aids its Allies
How did the United States take sides?
The United States watched these events. Many
Americans did not want to join in the war. President
Roosevelt wanted to help the Allies, however. He asked
Congress to allow Britain and France to buy American
weapons. Soon, American ships were escorting British
ships carrying guns bought from the United States. By
the fall of 1941, U.S. ships had orders to fire on German
submarines that threatened the ships. The United States
and Germany were fighting an undeclared naval war.
Roosevelt met secretly with Churchill in August
of 1941. Although the United States was not officially in
the war, the two leaders issued a statement called the
Atlantic Charter. It supported free trade and the right of
people to form their own government.
Directions: As you read, circle unfamiliar
vocabulary, underline key ideas, and comment on
the information presented.
Hitler’s Lightning War
Standards Alignment
Reading Text
Analytical Questions Response Sheets
Standards Alignment
California State Standards for Grade 10
•
10.7 Students analyze the rise of totalitarian governments after World War I.
•
3. Analyze the rise, aggression, and human costs of totalitarian regimes (Fascist and
Communist) in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union, noting especially their common
and dissimilar traits.
•
10.8 Students analyze the causes and consequences of World War II.
•
•
•
•
1. Compare the German, Italian, and Japanese drives for empire in the 1930s, including the
1937 Rape of Nanking, other atrocities in China, and the Stalin-Hitler Pact of 1939.
2. Understand the role of appeasement, nonintervention (isolationism), and the domestic
distractions in Europe and the United States prior to the outbreak of World War II.
3. Identify and locate the Allied and Axis powers on a map and discuss the major turning points
of the war, the principal theaters of conflict, key strategic decisions, and the resulting war
conferences and political resolutions, with emphasis on the importance of geographic factors.
4. Describe the political, diplomatic, and military leaders during the war (e.g., Winston Churchill,
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Emperor Hirohito, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Joseph Stalin,
Douglas MacArthur, Dwight Eisenhower).
Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– RH 1 - Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary
sources, attending to such features as the date and origin of the information.
– RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source;
provide an accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the
text.
– RH 3 - Analyze in detail a series of events described in a text; determine whether earlier
events caused later ones or simply preceded them.
– RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including
vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social studies.
– RH 5 - Analyze how a text uses structure to emphasize key points or advance an
explanation or analysis.
Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– WHST 1 - Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content.
• c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create
cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between
reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.
– WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization,
and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
– WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and
research.
Hitler’s Lightning War
Germany Sparks a New War in Europe
What caused Britain and France to declare war?
The Mediterranean and the Eastern Front
What countries did Hitler invade?
In 1939, Adolf Hitler decided to move on Poland.
He had already conquered Austria and Czechoslovakia.
When Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with Joseph
Stalin of the Soviet Union, they agreed not to attack each
other. Secretly, they also agreed to split Poland between
them. This deal removed the threat of the Soviets
attacking Germany from the east.
So, on September 1, the German army invaded
Poland in a surprise attack. Using Planes, tanks, and
troops, it moved suddenly in a technique called
blitzkrieg, or “lightening war.” Britain and France
declared war, but Poland fell before they could help.
On September 17, after secret agreement with
Hitler, Stalin invaded eastern Poland. Stalin then began
annexing the regions covered in a second part of the
agreement. Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia fell without a
struggle. However, Finland fought back. In March 1940,
Finland was forced to surrender.
For seven months after Poland fell to the
Germans, Europe was calm. France and Britain got their
armies ready. They waited for Hitler’s next move.
Hitler then turned his attention to the east and
to the Mediterranean. Germany sent troops under
General Erwin Rommel to North Africa to help Italy fight
the British. In April 1941, German armies quickly took
control of Yugoslavia and Greece. In June, Hitler began a
surprise invasion of the Soviet Union. The Red Army was
the largest in the world. But it was not well-equipped or
well-trained. The Germans quickly pushed deep into
Soviet territory. The Red Army was forced to retreat.
To keep supplies out of German hands, the Red
Army destroyed everything left behind. The Germans
were stopped from taking Leningrad in the north. They
then turned to Moscow, the Soviet capital. A strong
Soviet counterattack, combined with fierce Russian
winter weather, forced the Germans back. Moscow had
been saved, and the battle had cost the Germans
500,000 lives.
The Fall of France; The Battle of Britain
What happened when France and Britain were attacked?
Suddenly in April 1940, Hitler’s armies invaded
Denmark and Norway. Within two months, they also
captured Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and
France. Part of the French army, led by Charles de
Gaulle, escaped to Britain to remain free and continue
the fight. By then, Italy’s Benito Mussolini had joined
Hitler’s side.
Great Britain – now led by Winston Churchill –
stood alone. The German air force began bombing
Britain. It wanted to weaken the country. Germany was
getting prepared to invade Britain. But the British air
force fought back. It was helped by the recently
developed radar. This was an electronic tracking system
that warned of coming attacks. Also, the British had
broken the German army’s secret code. The Battle of
Britain lasted many months. Unable to break British
defenses, Hitler called off the attacks in May 1941.
The United States Aids its Allies
How did the United States take sides?
The United States watched these events. Many
Americans did not want to join in the war. President
Roosevelt wanted to help the Allies, however. He asked
Congress to allow Britain and France to buy American
weapons. Soon, American ships were escorting British
ships carrying guns bought from the United States. By
the fall of 1941, U.S. ships had orders to fire on German
submarines that threatened the ships. The United States
and Germany were fighting an undeclared naval war.
Roosevelt met secretly with Churchill in August
of 1941. Although the United States was not officially in
the war, the two leaders issued a statement called the
Atlantic Charter. It supported free trade and the right of
people to form their own government.
Reading Questions
1. Why did Poland fall to Germany so quickly?
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2. Why did Germany fail to win the Battle of Britain?
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3. What happened when Germany invaded the Soviet Union?
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_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4. Name two ways in which the United States supported the Allies.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Hitler’s Lightning War - Reading Questions
Why did Poland
fall to Germany so
quickly?
Why did Germany
fail to win the
Battle of Britain?
What happened
when Germany
invaded the Soviet
Union?
Name two ways in
which the United
States supported
the Allies.
• non
Hitler’s Lightning War Text
and Text Dependent Questions
Standards Alignment
Text with Questions
Standards Alignment
California State Standards for Grade 10
•
10.7 Students analyze the rise of totalitarian governments after World War I.
•
3. Analyze the rise, aggression, and human costs of totalitarian regimes (Fascist and
Communist) in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union, noting especially their common and
dissimilar traits.
•
10.8 Students analyze the causes and consequences of World War II.
•
1. Compare the German, Italian, and Japanese drives for empire in the 1930s, including the
1937 Rape of Nanking, other atrocities in China, and the Stalin-Hitler Pact of 1939.
•
2. Understand the role of appeasement, nonintervention (isolationism), and the domestic
distractions in Europe and the United States prior to the outbreak of World War II.
•
3. Identify and locate the Allied and Axis powers on a map and discuss the major turning points
of the war, the principal theaters of conflict, key strategic decisions, and the resulting war
conferences and political resolutions, with emphasis on the importance of geographic factors.
•
4. Describe the political, diplomatic, and military leaders during the war (e.g., Winston Churchill,
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Emperor Hirohito, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Joseph Stalin,
Douglas MacArthur, Dwight Eisenhower).
•
Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– RH 1 - Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources,
attending to such features as the date and origin of the information.
– RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an
accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the text.
– RH 3 - Analyze in detail a series of events described in a text; determine whether earlier events
caused later ones or simply preceded them.
– RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including
vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social studies.
– RH 5 - Analyze how a text uses structure to emphasize key points or advance an explanation or
analysis.
•
Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– WHST 1 - Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content.
• c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create
cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons
and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.
– WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style
are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
– WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.
Hitler’s Lightning War
Germany Sparks a New War in Europe
What caused Britain and France to declare war?
In 1939, Adolf Hitler decided to move on Poland.
He had already conquered Austria and Czechoslovakia.
When Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with Joseph
Stalin of the Soviet Union, they agreed not to attack each
other. Secretly, they also agreed to split Poland between
them. This deal removed the threat of the Soviets
attacking Germany from the east.
So, on September 1, the German army invaded
Poland in a surprise attack. Using Planes, tanks, and
troops, it moved suddenly in a technique called
blitzkrieg, or “lightening war.” Britain and France
declared war, but Poland fell before they could help.
On September 17, after secret agreement with
Hitler, Stalin invaded eastern Poland. Stalin then began
annexing the regions covered in a second part of the
agreement. Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia fell without a
struggle. However, Finland fought back. In March 1940,
Finland was forced to surrender.
For seven months after Poland fell to the
Germans, Europe was calm. France and Britain got their
armies ready. They waited for Hitler’s next move.
Directions: Answer the text dependent questions as you
read.
By 1939, what countries had Hitler already taken
over and what was his next target?
Describe the terms Hitler had with Stalin.
Explain Hitler’s plan of attack.
What was Stalin’s actions?
How did France and Britain respond to Hitler and
Stalin’s aggression?
The Fall of France; The Battle of Britain
What happened when France and Britain were attacked?
Suddenly in April 1940, Hitler’s armies invaded
Denmark and Norway. Within two months, they also
captured Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and
France. Part of the French army, led by Charles de
Gaulle, escaped to Britain to remain free and continue
the fight. By then, Italy’s Benito Mussolini had joined
Hitler’s side.
Great Britain – now led by Winston Churchill –
stood alone. The German air force began bombing
Britain. It wanted to weaken the country. Germany was
getting prepared to invade Britain. But the British air
force fought back. It was helped by the recently
developed radar. This was an electronic tracking system
that warned of coming attacks. Also, the British had
broken the German army’s secret code. The Battle of
Britain lasted many months. Unable to break British
defenses, Hitler called off the attacks in May 1941.
Which countries fell to Hitler?
What happened to France’s leadership?
Who else joined Hitler?
Explain the Battle of Britain.
What advantage did Britain have over the
German army?
Hitler’s Lightning War
The Mediterranean and the Eastern Front
What countries did Hitler invade?
Hitler then turned his attention to the east and
to the Mediterranean. Germany sent troops under
General Erwin Rommel to North Africa to help Italy fight
the British. In April 1941, German armies quickly took
control of Yugoslavia and Greece. In June, Hitler began a
surprise invasion of the Soviet Union. The Red Army was
the largest in the world. But it was not well-equipped or
well-trained. The Germans quickly pushed deep into
Soviet territory. The Red Army was forced to retreat.
To keep supplies out of German hands, the Red
Army destroyed everything left behind. The Germans
were stopped from taking Leningrad in the north. They
then turned to Moscow, the Soviet capital. A strong
Soviet counterattack, combined with fierce Russian
winter weather, forced the Germans back. Moscow had
been saved, and the battle had cost the Germans
500,000 lives.
Directions: Answer the text dependent questions as you
read.
How did Hitler support the Italian campaign?
Where else did the German army conquer?
How did Hitler surprise Stalin?
What were the problems with the Red Army?
What did the Red Army do to prevent German
success?
Describe the German invasion of the U.S.S.R.
The United States Aids its Allies
How did the United States take sides?
The United States watched these events. Many
Americans did not want to join in the war. President
Roosevelt wanted to help the Allies, however. He asked
Congress to allow Britain and France to buy American
weapons. Soon, American ships were escorting British
ships carrying guns bought from the United States. By
the fall of 1941, U.S. ships had orders to fire on German
submarines that threatened the ships. The United States
and Germany were fighting an undeclared naval war.
Roosevelt met secretly with Churchill in August
of 1941. Although the United States was not officially in
the war, the two leaders issued a statement called the
Atlantic Charter. It supported free trade and the right of
people to form their own government.
How did the American public feel about the war?
How did Roosevelt support the Allies? What
kind of warfare was this?
What did Roosevelt and Churchill draft? What
were the terms?
Hitler’s Lightning War
Dialectical Journal
Standards Alignment
Quotes Analysis Guide
Text quotes with student directions
Standards Alignment
California State Standards for Grade 10
•
10.7 Students analyze the rise of totalitarian governments after World War I.
•
3. Analyze the rise, aggression, and human costs of totalitarian regimes (Fascist and
Communist) in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union, noting especially their common and
dissimilar traits.
•
10.8 Students analyze the causes and consequences of World War II.
•
1. Compare the German, Italian, and Japanese drives for empire in the 1930s, including the
1937 Rape of Nanking, other atrocities in China, and the Stalin-Hitler Pact of 1939.
•
2. Understand the role of appeasement, nonintervention (isolationism), and the domestic
distractions in Europe and the United States prior to the outbreak of World War II.
•
3. Identify and locate the Allied and Axis powers on a map and discuss the major turning points
of the war, the principal theaters of conflict, key strategic decisions, and the resulting war
conferences and political resolutions, with emphasis on the importance of geographic factors.
•
4. Describe the political, diplomatic, and military leaders during the war (e.g., Winston Churchill,
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Emperor Hirohito, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Joseph Stalin,
Douglas MacArthur, Dwight Eisenhower).
•
Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an
accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the text.
– RH 3 - Analyze in detail a series of events described in a text; determine whether earlier events
caused later ones or simply preceded them.
– RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including
vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social studies.
– RH 5 - Analyze how a text uses structure to emphasize key points or advance an explanation or
analysis.
– RH 8 - Assess the extent to which the reasoning and evidence in a text support the author’s
claims.
•
Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– WHST 1 - Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content.
• a. Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims,
and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among the claim(s),
counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.
• c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create
cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons
and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.
– WHST 2 - Write informative/explanatory texts, including the narration of historical events,
scientific procedures/ experiments, or technical processes.
• b. Develop the topic with well-chosen, relevant, and sufficient facts, extended
definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate
to the audience’s knowledge of the topic.
• c. Use varied transitions and sentence structures to link the major sections of the text,
create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
• d. Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to manage the complexity of the
topic and convey a style appropriate to the discipline and context as well as to the
expertise of likely readers.
– WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style
are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
– WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.
Read to Analyze Quotes
The purpose of a dialectical journal is to analyze significant quotes from the text to make authentic
connections between the text and other related concepts. After reading the quote and locating it in the
document, write a response that shows your ability to question, analyze, interpret, evaluate, reflect, or
predict.
Response Starters to help start journal feedback:
– Asking Questions
• I wonder why…
• What if…
• How come…
– Revising Meaning/Analyzing
• At first I thought, but now I…
• My latest thought about this is…
• I’m getting a different picture here because…
– Forming Interpretations
• What this means to me is…
• I think this represents…
• The idea I’m getting is…
– Evaluating
• I like/don’t like…
• This could be more effective if…
• The most important message is…
– Reflecting and Relating
• So, the big idea is…
• A conclusion I’m drawing is…
• This is relevant to my life because…
– Predicting
• I’ll bet that…
• I think…
• If, then…
Hitler’s Lightning War - Dialectical Journal
Quote from Reading:
- “In 1939, Adolf Hitler decided to move on Poland. He
had already conquered Austria and Czechoslovakia. “
- “When Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with Joseph
Stalin of the Soviet Union, they agreed not to attack
each other. Secretly, they also agreed to split Poland
between them.”
- “On September 1, the German army invaded Poland in
a surprise attack. Using Planes, tanks, and troops, it
moved suddenly in a technique called blitzkrieg, or
“lightening war.”
- “Britain and France declared war, but Poland fell
before they could help.”
- “On September 17, after secret agreement with Hitler,
Stalin invaded eastern Poland. Lithuania, Latvia, and
Estonia fell without a struggle.”
- “However, Finland fought back. In March 1940,
Finland was forced to surrender.”
- “Suddenly in April 1940, Hitler’s armies invaded
Denmark and Norway. Within two months, they also
captured Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and
France.”
- “Part of the French army, led by Charles de Gaulle,
escaped to Britain to remain free and continue the
fight. By then, Italy’s Benito Mussolini had joined
Hitler’s side.”
- “Great Britain – now led by Winston Churchill – stood
alone. The German air force began bombing Britain.”
- “The Battle of Britain lasted many months. Unable to
break British defenses, Hitler called off the attacks in
May 1941.”
Student Response (Question, Analyze, Interpret,
Evaluate, Reflect, Predict)
Hitler’s Lightning War - Dialectical Journal
Quote from Reading:
- “Germany sent troops under General Erwin Rommel
to North Africa to help Italy fight the British.”
- “In April 1941, German armies quickly took control of
Yugoslavia and Greece.”
- “In June, Hitler began a surprise invasion of the Soviet
Union. The Red Army was the largest in the world. But
it was not well-equipped or well-trained. The Germans
quickly pushed deep into Soviet territory. The Red
Army was forced to retreat.”
- “To keep supplies out of German hands, the Red Army
destroyed everything left behind.”
- “They then turned to Moscow, the Soviet capital. A
strong Soviet counterattack, combined with fierce
Russian winter weather, forced the Germans back.
Moscow had been saved, and the battle had cost the
Germans 500,000 lives.”
- “Many Americans did not want to join in the war.
President Roosevelt wanted to help the Allies,
however. He asked Congress to allow Britain and
France to buy American weapons.
- “By the fall of 1941, U.S. ships had orders to fire on
German submarines that threatened the ships. The
United States and Germany were fighting an
undeclared naval war.”
- “Roosevelt met secretly with Churchill in August of
1941. Although the United States was not officially in
the war, the two leaders issued a statement called the
Atlantic Charter. It supported free trade and the right
of people to form their own government.”
Student Response (Question, Analyze, Interpret,
Evaluate, Reflect, Predict)
Hitler’s Lightning War
Text Summary Worksheet with student directions
Standards Alignment
California State Standards for Grade 10
•
10.7 Students analyze the rise of totalitarian governments after World War I.
•
3. Analyze the rise, aggression, and human costs of totalitarian regimes (Fascist and Communist) in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union, noting
especially their common and dissimilar traits.
•
10.8 Students analyze the causes and consequences of World War II.
•
1. Compare the German, Italian, and Japanese drives for empire in the 1930s, including the 1937 Rape of Nanking, other atrocities in China, and
the Stalin-Hitler Pact of 1939.
•
2. Understand the role of appeasement, nonintervention (isolationism), and the domestic distractions in Europe and the United States prior to
the outbreak of World War II.
•
3. Identify and locate the Allied and Axis powers on a map and discuss the major turning points of the war, the principal theaters of conflict, key
strategic decisions, and the resulting war conferences and political resolutions, with emphasis on the importance of geographic factors.
•
4. Describe the political, diplomatic, and military leaders during the war (e.g., Winston Churchill, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Emperor Hirohito,
Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Joseph Stalin, Douglas MacArthur, Dwight Eisenhower).
•
Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– RH 1 - Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources, attending to such features as the date and origin of
the information.
– RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of how key events or ideas
develop over the course of the text.
– RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary describing political, social, or economic
aspects of history/social studies.
•
Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students:
– WHST 1 - Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content.
• c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s)
and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.
– WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
– WHST 5 - Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing
what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience.
– WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.
Hitler’s Lightning War
Directions: As you read the text, take notes on the events and significance of each during Hitler’s lighting war. Make sure to identify each event,
even if the date is already posted.
Hitler’s Lightning War
Directions: As you read the text, take notes on the events and significance of each during Hitler’s lighting war. Make sure to identify each event,
even if the date is already posted.