Download Answers to Terminology Section

92
Chapter 5
■
ANSWERS TO TERMINOLOGY SECTION
Chapter Five
Answers to Terminology Section
Terminology
(textbook pages 155–160)
Meaning
Parts of the Body
perianal
Pertaining to surrounding the anus.
appendectomy
Removal (resection) of the appendix.
appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix.
buccal mucosa
The mucous membrane (mucosa) lining the cheek.
cecal
Pertaining to the cecum.
celiac
Pertaining to the abdomen.
cheilosis
Abnormal condition of the lips.
cholecystectomy
Removal of the gallbladder.
choledochotomy
Incision of the common bile duct.
colostomy
New opening of the colon to the outside of the body.
colonic
Pertaining to the colon.
colonoscopy
Process of visual examination of the colon.
dentibuccal
Pertaining to tooth and cheek.
duodenal
Pertaining to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine).
enterocolitis
Inflammation of the small and large intestines.
enteroenterostomy
New opening between two previously unconnected parts of the small intestine.
mesentery
Membrane that holds the intestines together (literally, middle of the intestines).
parenteral
Pertaining to apart from the intestines (refers to delivery of substances any way
other than through the digestive tract).
esophageal
Pertaining to the esophagus.
facial
Pertaining to the face.
gastrostomy
New opening into the stomach through the abdominal wall. This may be necessary
to introduce food into the stomach.
gingivitis
Inflammation of the gums.
hypoglossal
Pertaining to under the tongue.
hepatoma
Tumor (malignant) of the liver; hepatocellular carcinoma.
hepatomegaly
Enlargement of the liver.
ileocecal sphincter
Pertaining to the ring of muscles between the ileum and the cecum.
ileitis
Inflammation of the ileum.
ileostomy
New opening of the ileum to the outside of the body.
choledochojejunostomy
New opening between the common bile duct and the jejunum; anastomosis.
gastrojejunostomy
New opening between the stomach and the jejunum; anastomosis.
labial
Pertaining to the lip.
laparoscopy
Visual examination of the abdomen.
sublingual
Pertaining to under the tongue.
submandibular
Pertaining to under the lower jaw.
orthodontist
Dentist specializing in straightening teeth.
periodontist
Dentist specializing in gums.
endodontist
Dentist specializing in operating within the tooth (root canal specialist).
oral
Pertaining to the mouth.
palatoplasty
Surgical repair of the palate.
Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
05-Ch05-9781437720235.indd 92
1/12/2010 1:13:08 PM
Chapter 5
■
ANSWERS TO TERMINOLOGY SECTION
pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas.
peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum.
pharyngeal
Pertaining to the throat.
palatopharyngoplasty
Surgical repair of the palate and throat.
proctologist
Specialist in the anus and rectum.
pyloroplasty
Surgical repair of the pyloric sphincter.
rectocele
Hernia of the rectum.
sialadenitis
Inflammation of salivary glands.
sigmoidoscopy
Visual examination of the sigmoid colon.
stomatitis
Inflammation of the mouth.
uvulectomy
Removal of the uvula.
93
Substances
amylase
Enzyme that digests starch.
biliary
Pertaining to bile.
hyperbilirubinemia
Excess bilirubin in the blood; jaundice.
cholelithiasis
Abnormal condition of gallstones.
achlorhydria
Lack of hydrochloric acid.
gluconeogenesis
Production of new sugar from proteins and fats (by the liver).
hyperglycemia
High blood sugar.
glycogenolysis
Breakdown of glycogen to form sugar (glucose).
lipoma
Tumor of fat (benign).
lithogenesis
Formation of a stone (calculus).
protease
Enzyme that digests protein.
sialolith
Salivary (gland) stone.
steatorrhea
Discharge of fats (in feces).
Suffixes
lipase
Enzyme to digest fats.
hematochezia
Bright red blood in the feces.
choledocholithiasis
Condition of stones in the common bile duct.
postprandial
Pertaining to after meals.
Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
05-Ch05-9781437720235.indd 93
1/12/2010 1:13:08 PM