Download Bronwyn Moroney B.Ed, P.G. Dip.Ed

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
Energy is never created nor destroyed – just transferred from
one form to another. It’s one of the most fundamental
concepts in physics, but can be one that student’s find
challenging when first introduced to it. This video production
uses an engaging presenter and familiar objects and
scenarios – including skateboarding, tennis, vehicles and
plant growth – to explore different forms of energy, their
effects on objects and processes and conversion from one
form to another. Sections include what is energy, kinetic
energy (including electrical, radiant and sound), potential
energy and energy transformations. Students of Science at
lower to middle levels will find this resource ideal for
consolidating their understanding of these important
fundamental areas.
Resource written by:
Bronwyn Moroney B.Ed, P.G. Dip.Ed
Duration of resource: 13 Minutes
Year of Production: 2013
Stock code: VEA12053
Forms of Energy
For Teachers
Introduction
This program is about energy and its many forms. Initially all energy is derived from the Sun and travels
to the Earth as radiant energy. The pathway of radiant energy, as it moves from the Sun into plants and
subsequently into animals is explained with the use of graphics. The video then goes on to look
specifically at potential and kinetic energy and the energy variations under which they exist. Potential and
kinetic energy forms are explained with examples as well as transformations they can undergo.
Timeline
00:00:00
00:02:36
00:03:54
00:04:57
00:07:18
00:10:31
00:12:25
00:12:58
What is Energy?
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
Types of Kinetic Energy
Types of Potential Energy
Energy Transformation
Credits
End program
Related Titles
Push and Pull Forces
The Energy of Chemical Reactions
Chemical Analysis Techniques
Water: A Unique Chemical
Recommended Resources







http://www.racemath.info/motionandenergy/ks3_enery_types.htm
http://www.zephyrus.co.uk/energy2.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/energy/heatrev4.shtml
http://www.enwin.com/kids/electricity/types_of_energy.cfm
www.makingthemodernworld.org.uk
http://www.aussieeducator.org.au/resources/teaching/scienceresources.html
http://www.tvakids.com/teachers/resources.htm
2
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Forms of Energy
Student Worksheet
GLOSSARY
Term
Biomass
Chemical energy
Clean energy
Conserve
Efficiency
Electrical energy
Energy
Fossil fuels
Geothermal energy
Hydropower
Kinetic energy
Mechanical energy
Methane
Nonrenewable
Nuclear energy
Pollution
Potential energy
Radiant energy
Renewable
Solar energy
Sound energy
Sustainable
Thermal energy
Definition
Things that are alive, or were alive a short time ago, such as plant material (like
wood), or animal waste. Can be used to make biogas for powering machines.
Stored energy that can be released through chemical reaction, found in things
like food and batteries
Energy that does not pollute the environment
To use carefully, to avoid waste
Output compared to input. If a device does as much work for us as the energy
we put into it, then it is perfectly efficient because it is not wasting any energy
Energy produced by movement of charged particles, such as electrical currents
and static electricity
The ability to do work
Materials that are extracted from the earth, such as coal, oil, or natural gas that
are deposited and created over millions of years. We use chemical energy from
these fuels for a variety of purposes.
Heat energy from inside the earth
Energy generated by moving water
Energy of motion. Water flowing over a dam is kinetic energy
Energy of moving parts- pushing or pulling
A gas that is the main ingredient of both natural gas and biogas
A resource that can be depleted, such as fossil fuels
Energy produced by splitting or joining the centers of small particles called
atoms
Contamination of the natural environment with harmful substances as a
consequence of human activities; a byproduct of many energy sources
Stored energy, such as the still water sitting behind a dam, ready to fall.
The category of energy that includes solar and light energy
A resource that cannot be depleted, such as solar and wind energy
From the sun’s rays. Solar panels can turn solar energy into electricity
The vibrations of molecules as sound waves travel
Practices that can be continued indefinitely, with minimal harm to the natural
environment, such as the use of renewable resources
Energy from heat
3
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Forms of Energy
Initiate Prior Learning
1. Keep a 24 hour energy diary, listing the devices used and the source of energy or energy type used.
Before starting the task, have a class discussion about the list, explain the terms and columns
("energy displayed" and "forms)”.
Time
Device
Energy displayed
Transformations
a) Discuss the results of the completed diaries with your class
4
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Forms of Energy
2. Write a list of items that you can find at home that support the definition, "Energy is the ability to do
work”. Decide on a type of energy that each item may use.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. Discuss the following with the class: Can you feel energy? Can you see energy? Can you hear
energy?
4. Scrapbook: Find illustrations of examples of each energy type (stored mechanical, nuclear, chemical,
gravitational, electrical, light, heat and movement) on the Internet (or copy illustrations from a book).
Print out illustrations in color. Make one scrapbook page titled “Potential Energy” and one titled
“Kinetic Energy”
5. Do some activities such as bounce a ball, shine a flashlight around a dark room, jump rope or drop a
ball to the floor, roll a toy car down a ramp, light a candle. Then answer the following questions:
a) What did it take for each of these actions to occur?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
b) What other actions (or work) occur(s) as a result of the use of energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
5
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Forms of Energy
6. Hold a tennis ball two feet above the floor. Then answer the following questions:
a) Is the ball displaying energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
b) Is there the potential for energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Repeat this activity to illustrate kinetic energy.
7. Define the following words: kinetic energy and potential energy. Provide an example of each.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
8. Define energy.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
9. Brainstorm “Where do people get their energy?”
10. What is energy transfer? Give some examples.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
6
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Forms of Energy
Active Viewing Guide
What is energy?
1. What is energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Where is all energy derived from? What is it called?
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. What do plants do with the sun’s energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
4. How do animals obtain energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Kinetic energy
5. What is kinetic energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
6. Complete the following sentence:
Energy is always _______________________ from one form to another.
7. Do heavier objects have more or less energy than lighter objects moving at the same speed?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Potential energy
8. What is potential energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
7
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Forms of Energy
Types of kinetic energy
9. Name the types of kinetic energy.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
10. What is the most important type of energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
11. What type of energy do we feel?
____________________________________________________________________________________
12. What causes sound energy?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Types of potential energy
13. Name the types of potential energy.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
14. Bigger massive objects have more/same/less gravitational energy than smaller objects at the same
height.
____________________________________________________________________________________
8
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Forms of Energy
Energy transformations
15. What is energy transformation?
____________________________________________________________________________________
16. Draw the energy flow diagram of a wind turbine to a mp3 stereo in the space below.
9
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Forms of Energy
Extension Activities
1. Watch a video of a roller coaster or someone skate boarding. Discuss the movement and energy
needs at different points of the ride, i.e. up versus going down. Why does a coaster go up on its own?
What causes this? Would it be faster with more people in it or less? Why? Look at the way it is
designed and discuss the design techniques. Why is it designed this way? What would make it faster?
Slower? Why is the first hill always the highest hill on a roller coaster?
A good skate park site to use is:
http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=Energy_Skate_Park , or go to Google and search
for: phet skate park. Click on Simulations, then Work, Energy, and Power on the left side. Click on
Energy Skate Park. Click on the Run now button. In this simulation you can alter components of the
park or skate boarder, angles and speed and view the results.
2. Design a new skate park. Draw your idea of what it would look like and then re-create your drawing
using the simulation. Be sure to include a first hill, a loop, and a second hill. Pick a skater and test out
your track. Describe/draw what happened to your skater when you put them on the track. Did your
skater go the whole way? If not, what do you need to change? What problems did your skater have on
your track, state where and why? On your design draw:
 at what point is the potential energy of the skater the greatest
 at what point is the kinetic energy of the skater the greatest
 at what point the kinetic energy is equal to the potential energy.
Explain how kinetic energy and potential energy affected your track design.
Compare your track with two other people. Write down your observations in the space below.
Illustration
Similarities
Differences
Your design
Other person 1
Other person 2
10
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Forms of Energy
3. Match the energy change to the example.
An electric lamp
Electric to sound
An electric heater
Chemical to thermal
Combining vinegar and baking powder
which produces bubbles and heat
Electric to radiant
Nuclear power plant providing energy for
a city
Electric to thermal
Battery operated car
Chemical to mechanical
The radio playing
Nuclear to electric
4. Energy transfer diagrams show the locations of energy stores and energy transfers. Draw a comic
strip depicting the energy transformations as the movement of an atom of energy from the Sun as it
travels to the Earth. Do the journey of this atom involving all the energy transformations it undergoes
until its final destination as a food source for you.
5. Below are scenarios for three countries and their available resources. Read each scenario carefully.
Country 1:
A nation at an intermediate stage of industrial development. In this country there are excellent
untapped supplies of coal and in many areas, steady strong winds for several months a year. Some
major rivers have enormous hydro-electric potential for power but are also heavily populated. Rural
areas have poor energy infrastructure and many lack basic energy services. Some very large urban
areas exist within this large nation.
Country 2:
An advanced industrial nation with no resources or supplies of fossil fuels. This nation consists of a
number of interconnected islands. There are well-established shipping routes in the region. The
society of this country is highly urbanized.
Country 3:
An advanced industrial nation with large reserves of coal, oil and gas. The nation's island location
offers potential for tidal and wave power. There is limited geothermal potential, generally in areas of
lower population densities. The society of this country is highly urbanized.
Write down the energy options available to each country. Assess the available energy types
objectively, and then choose the energy mix for each country. Justify your decision that you chose as
the energy supply. State the advantages and disadvantages of your decision. For example, running
costs may be a priority in one country but of less importance in another.
11
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Forms of Energy
6. Design a moving toy. How does it change energy? What is its initial source of energy? Draw an energy
transformation diagram of the energy changes that occur in relation to your toy.
7. A skater is on a U-shaped track at a skate park. On a scale of 0-10 (0 being the least, 10 being the
most), predict the amount of kinetic and potential energy when the skater is on different parts of the
track.
Skateboarder
Location on
track
Prediction Kinetic
energy
Prediction Potential
energy
Explanation of your reasoning
Top of track
Middle of track
Bottom of track
12
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Forms of Energy
8. Energy comes from many places. Commonly used energy resources include the following. Fill in the
following table for each type listed.
Source of energy
Description of source
Fossil fuels
Biomass
Pl
Geothermal energy
Hydropower
Wind
Nuclear energy
P[
Solar energy
9. Investigating Energy Transformations. In small groups choose one energy system per group to
investigate. Examples include: the car, a stereo, television. Their system is to include at least three
different forms of energy and at least two different energy transformations. Research how this system
works.
Each group present the energy transformations that take place in their system. Your group should
create some type of visual aid, such as a power point or video, representing the energy
transformations that are occurring in that system.
10. Energy transformation diagrams. Draw energy transformation diagrams for the following:
a) Car
b) Hair dryer
c) Television
11. Select an appliance at home or at school (not ENERGY STAR certified, if possible) and determine
how much energy it uses in a year and the total cost to operate it for a year. Then find an ENERGY
STAR certified replacement for the appliance and determine how much money you would save if
operating the appliance for a year.
13
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Forms of Energy
12. Class discussions
Use the following to lead a class discussion about renewable and non-renewable energy.
There are only about five necessities for survival-food, clothing, air, water, and shelter. We now view
many of the conveniences and comforts of our modern lifestyles as basic needs. We seldom think of
the resources that provide the energy we consume. For most people, energy is abstract; it is
something that makes our lights glow and warms or cools our houses. Most of the energy we now
consume is from finite resources that will not last forever, that is, they are not renewable; BUT nonrenewable resources are being consumed at an alarming rate. We use energy in almost every phase
of producing and using resources.
The solution to the problem of our consumption of non-renewable resources is that we conserve our
non-renewable resources, and we must, as a result, increase our use of renewable sources of energy
to meet needs.
List five things you must have to survive. Discuss your responses, and categorize them according to
these basic necessities: -food, water, air, clothing, and shelter. What would happen if one of those
needs was not met? Where do we get those things that supply basic needs?
Compare your lifestyles now with those that include only things that are basic survival needs. Examine
each basic survival need closely
Discuss the term resource. Give some examples of resources.
Discuss the term renewable resource. Give some examples of renewable resources.
Discuss the meaning of the term non-renewable resources.
What does the term conservation mean?
In groups, develop a plan for conserving energy and present this to your class.
14
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Forms of Energy
Quiz
1. When would the kinetic energy in a ball become potential energy?
a) When the ball is thrown
b) When the ball is dropped
c) When the ball rolls down a hill
d) When the ball is rolled up a hill and stops at the top
2. What is potential energy?
a) the energy of motion
b) stored energy
c) atomic energy
d) heat energy
3. What is kinetic energy?
a) the energy of motion
b) stored energy
c) heat energy
d) gravitational energy
4. A moving object always has
a) potential energy
b) kinetic energy
c) nuclear energy
d) solar energy
15
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Forms of Energy
5. An example of chemical potential energy is the energy of
a) a stereo playing music
b) a moving arrow
c) a hamburger
d) a coiled spring
6. If an object is not moving, it has
a) potential energy
b) kinetic energy
c) chemical energy
d) nuclear energy
7. Who has more potential energy, a skier on top of a hill or a skier half way down the hill?
a) The skier on top of the hill.
b) The skier half way down the hill.
c) They both have the same potential energy.
d) Neither one has potential energy.
8. The energy of a ball flying through the air is:
a) Only kinetic energy
b) Both kinetic and potential energy
c) Mostly sound and heat energy
d) Gravitational energy
16
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Forms of Energy
9. Which diagram shows the spring with the most potential energy?
a)
b)
c)
d)
10. Which best describes what is happening when a moving car comes to a stop?
a) The car’s kinetic energy is increasing and its potential energy is increasing.
b) The car’s kinetic energy is decreasing and its potential energy is increasing.
c) The car’s kinetic energy is decreasing and its potential energy is decreasing.
d) The car’s kinetic energy is increasing and its potential energy is decreasing.
17
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Forms of Energy
11. Which one of the following situations involves potential energy changing into kinetic energy?
a) A moving ball being caught.
b) An airplane taking off from an airport.
c) A child kicking a ball that is standing still.
d) A car coming to a stop.
12. When does an airplane have kinetic energy?
a) When it takes off
b) When it is flying
c) When it lands
d) Both A and B
13. An example of gravitational potential energy is the energy of:
a) an object at height
b) any chemical
c) all moving objects
d) a parked car
14. Explain the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
18
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Forms of Energy
Suggested Student Responses
Initiate Prior Learning
1. Keep a 24 hour energy diary, listing the devices used and the source of energy or energy type used.
Before starting the task, have a class discussion about the list, explain the terms and columns
("energy displayed" and "forms)”.
Answers will vary
a) Discuss the results of the completed diaries with your class
Answers will vary
2. Write a list of items that you can find at home that support the definition, "Energy is the ability to do
work”. decide on a type of energy that each item may use.
Answers will vary but may include examples such as electricity causes the light bulbs to glow,
sunlight causes plants to grow, motors enable cars to move.
3. Discuss the following with the class: Can you feel energy? Can you see energy? Can you hear
energy?
Can you feel energy? (what about wind or waves in the ocean.) Can you see energy? (Yes,
sunlight.) Can you hear energy? (yes, noise). Examples may vary and should encourage
students to see that these are all forms of energy.
4. Scrapbook: Find illustrations of examples of each energy type (stored mechanical, nuclear, chemical,
gravitational, electrical, light, heat and movement) on the Internet (or copy illustrations from a book).
Print out illustrations in color. Make one scrapbook page titled “Potential Energy” and one titled
“Kinetic Energy”
Answers will vary
5. Do some activities such as bounce a ball, shine a flashlight around a dark room, jump rope or drop a
ball to the floor, roll a toy car down a ramp, light a candle. Then answer the following questions:
a) What did it take for each of these actions to occur?
Energy
b) What other actions (or work) occur(s) as a result of the use of energy?
Accept any reasonable answer.
6. Hold a tennis ball two feet above the floor. Then answer the following questions:
a) Is the ball displaying energy?
No
b) Is there the potential for energy?
Yes; the tennis ball could be dropped, displaying an effect of energy-movement. This
concept of potential energy may need to be discussed and illustrated until the students
understand.
Repeat this activity to illustrate kinetic energy.
19
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Forms of Energy
7. Define the following words: kinetic energy and potential energy. Provide an example of each.
kinetic energy: the energy of movement
Potential energy: stored energy
Examples will vary
8. Define energy.
Answers will vary.
9. Brainstorm “Where do people get their energy?”
Answers will vary.
10. What is energy transfer? Give some examples.
Answers will vary.
20
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Forms of Energy
Active Viewing Guide
What is energy?
1. What is energy?
The ability to do work
2. Where is all energy derived from? What is it called?
The sun as radiant/solar energy
3. What do plants do with the sun’s energy?
The energy is converted in the chloroplasts into stored chemical energy
4. How do animals obtain energy?
They eat the plants that contain the stored energy directly or indirectly by eating animals that
have eaten the plants.
Kinetic energy
5. What is kinetic energy?
Anything that moves – energy of movement
6. Complete the following sentence:
Energy is always transferred from one form to another.
7. Do heavier objects have more or less energy than lighter objects moving at the same speed?
More
Potential energy
8. What is potential energy?
Stored energy
Types of kinetic energy
9. Name the types of kinetic energy.
Electrical energy from electrons
Radiant energy from movement or the travelling of electromagnetic energy
Visible light
Radio waves
X-rays
Gamma rays
10. What is the most important type of energy?
Solar
11. What type of energy do we feel?
Radiant
12. What causes sound energy?
The vibration of air particles
21
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Forms of Energy
Types of potential energy
13. Name the types of potential energy.
Chemical energy
Mechanical or elastic energy
Gravitational energy
14. Bigger massive objects have more/same/less gravitational energy than smaller objects at the same
height.
More
Energy transformations
15. What is energy transformation?
When energy changes from one form to another
16. Draw the energy flow diagram of a wind turbine to a mp3 stereo in the space below.
Kinetic energy of wind
Electrical energy in wires
Chemical energy stored in batteries
Sound energy of the mp3
22
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Further copying or printing must be reported to CAL as per the Copyright Act 1968.
Forms of Energy
Extension Activities
1. Watch a video of a roller coaster or someone skate boarding. Discuss the movement and energy
needs at different points of the ride, i.e. up versus going down. Why does a coaster go up on its own?
What causes this? Would it be faster with more people in it or less? Why? Look at the way it is
designed and discuss the design techniques. Why is it designed this way? What would make it faster?
Slower? Why is the first hill always the highest hill on a roller coaster?
A good skate park site to use is:
http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=Energy_Skate_Park , or go to Google and search
for: phet skate park. Click on Simulations, then Work, Energy, and Power on the left side. Click on
Energy Skate Park. Click on the Run now button. In this simulation you can alter components of the
park or skate boarder, angles and speed and view the results.
Answers will vary
2. Design a new skate park. Draw your idea of what it would look like and then re-create your drawing
using the simulation. Be sure to include a first hill, a loop, and a second hill. Pick a skater and test out
your track. Describe/draw what happened to your skater when you put them on the track. Did your
skater go the whole way? If not what do you need to change? What problems did your skater have on
your track-state where and why? On your design draw:
 at what point is the potential energy of the skater the greatest
 at what point is the kinetic energy of the skater the greatest
 at what point the kinetic energy is equal to the potential energy.
Explain how kinetic energy and potential energy affected your track design.
Compare your track with two other people. Write down your observations in the space below.
Answers will vary
3. Match the energy change to the example.
Matched pairs shown below
An electric lamp
Electric to radiant
An electric heater
Electric to thermal
Combining vinegar and baking powder
which produces bubbles and heat
Nuclear power plant providing
energy for a city
Battery operated car
Chemical to thermal
The radio playing
Electric to sound
Nuclear to electric
Chemical to mechanical
23
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You may download and print one copy of these support notes from our website or ClickView for your reference.
Further copying or printing must be reported to CAL as per the Copyright Act 1968.
Forms of Energy
4. Energy transfer diagrams show the locations of energy stores and energy transfers. Draw a comic
strip depicting the energy transformations as the movement of an atom of energy from the Sun as it
travels to the Earth. Do the journey of this atom involving all the energy transformations it undergoes
until its final destination as a food source for you.
Answer may vary but could include: Nuclear (fusion on Sun) to radiant energy to light/solar
energy (sun energy), converted to chemical stored in energy in a plant, then eaten by a
herbivore and converted to mechanical energy in the muscles or respiration and stored as
chemical energy in meat, which is eaten by a carnivore or omnivore and converted into
mechanical energy
5. Below are scenarios for three countries and their available resources. Read each scenario carefully.
Country 1:
A nation at an intermediate stage of industrial development. In this country there are excellent
untapped supplies of coal and in many areas, steady strong winds for several months a year. Some
major rivers have enormous hydro-electric potential for power but are also heavily populated. Rural
areas have poor energy infrastructure and many lack basic energy services. Some very large urban
areas exist within this large nation.
Country 2:
An advanced industrial nation with no resources or supplies of fossil fuels. This nation consists of a
number of interconnected islands. There are well-established shipping routes in the region. The
society of this country is highly urbanized.
Country 3:
An advanced industrial nation with large reserves of coal, oil and gas. The nation's island location
offers potential for tidal and wave power. There is limited geothermal potential, generally in areas of
lower population densities. The society of this country is highly urbanized.
Write down the energy options available to each country. Assess the available energy types
objectively, and then choose the energy mix for each country. Justify your decision that you chose as
the energy supply. State the advantages and disadvantages of your decision. For example, running
costs may be a priority in one country but of less importance in another.
Answer will vary: May include: Country 1. Coal fired power station supporting urban areas,
wind farms for small rural areas due to lack of infrastructure, hydroelectric power stations but
may involve re-settling of population, Country 2: power is supplied by another country, oil, gas
or coal shipped in to run power plants, can include investigating other sources such as
biomass, geothermal, Country 3: geothermal for small communities, large gas, oil or coal fired
power plants to supply urban areas
6. Design a moving toy. How does it change energy? What is its initial source of energy? Draw an energy
transformation diagram of the energy changes that occur in relation to your toy.
Answers will vary
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Forms of Energy
7. A skater is on a U-shaped track at a skate park. On a scale of 0-10 (0 being the least, 10 being the
most), predict the amount of kinetic and potential energy when the skater is on different parts of the
track.
Skateboarder
Location on
track
Prediction Kinetic
energy
Prediction Potential
energy
Explanation of your reasoning
Top of track
0
10
Not yet moving but due to position of skater
lots of potential energy available
Middle of track
10
0
Moving so using all energy reserves up, slope
of hill provides impulsion
Bottom of track
0
0
All energy spent
8. Energy comes from many places. Commonly used energy resources include the following. Fill in the
following table for each type listed.
Source of energy
Description of source
Fossil fuels
coal, oil (petroleum), natural gas, and propane
Biomass
Pl plant material that is burned for its energy
Geothermal energy
comes from the heat within the earth
Hydropower
generated by moving water
Wind
wind turns rotating machines, called turbines, to change
the wind’s kinetic energy into electrical energy
Nuclear energy
P[produced when the nuclei (centre) of atoms split apart
(fission) or fuse together (fusion)
Solar energy
radiant energy of the Sun, often turned into electrical
energy with the help of solar cells
9. Investigating Energy Transformations. In small groups, choose one energy system per group to
investigate. Examples include: the car, a stereo, television. Their system is to include at least three
different forms of energy and at least two different energy transformations. Research how this system
works.
Each group present the energy transformations that take place in their system. Your group should
create some type of visual aid, such as a power point or video, representing the energy
transformations that are occurring in that system.
Answers will vary
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Forms of Energy
10. Energy transformation diagrams. Draw energy transformation diagrams for the following:
a) Car
Chemical energy is burned causing the gases to expand rapidly. This expansion forces the
piston to move (thus, the chemical energy is transformed into mechanical energy). The
chemical energy stored in the battery is transformed into electrical energy which is then
transformed into light energy (headlights) and sound energy (radio).
b) Hair dryer
Electrical energy is transformed into heat energy; electrical energy is also transformed into
mechanical energy which is transformed into sound energy; electrical energy is also
transformed into mechanical energy (the blowing of the air).
c) Television
Electrical energy is transformed into light energy and heat energy; electrical energy is
transformed into sound energy.
11. Select an appliance at home or at school (not ENERGY STAR certified, if possible) and determine
how much energy it uses in a year and the total cost to operate it for a year. Then find an ENERGY
STAR certified replacement for the appliance and determine how much money you would save if
operating the appliance for a year.
Answers will vary
12. Class discussions
Use the following to lead a class discussion about renewable and non-renewable energy.
There are only about five necessities for survival-food, clothing, air, water, and shelter. We now view
many of the conveniences and comforts of our modern lifestyles as basic needs. We seldom think of
the resources that provide the energy we consume. For most people, energy is abstract; it is
something that makes our lights glow and warms or cools our houses. Most of the energy we now
consume is from finite resources that will not last forever, that is, they are not renewable; BUT nonrenewable resources are being consumed at an alarming rate. We use energy in almost every phase
of producing and using resources.
The solution to the problem of our consumption of non-renewable resources is that we conserve our
non-renewable resources, and we must, as a result, increase our use of renewable sources of energy
to meet needs.
List five things you must have to survive. Discuss your responses, and categorize them according to
these basic necessities: -food, water, air, clothing, and shelter. What would happen if one of those
needs was not met? Where do we get those things that supply basic needs?
Compare your lifestyles now with those that include only things that are basic survival needs. Examine
each basic survival need closely
Discuss the term resource. Give some examples of resources.
Discuss the term renewable resource. Give some examples of renewable resources.
Discuss the meaning of the term non-renewable resources.
What does the term conservation mean?
In groups, develop a plan for conserving energy and present this to your class.
Answers will vary
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Forms of Energy
Quiz
1. When would the kinetic energy in a ball become potential energy?
a) When the ball is thrown
b) When the ball is dropped
c) When the ball rolls down a hill
d) When the ball is rolled up a hill and stops at the top
2. What is potential energy?
a) the energy of motion
b) stored energy
c) atomic energy
d) heat energy
3. What is kinetic energy?
a) the energy of motion
b) stored energy
c) heat energy
d) gravitational energy
4. A moving object always has
a) potential energy
b) kinetic energy
c) nuclear energy
d) solar energy
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Forms of Energy
5. An example of chemical potential energy is the energy of
a) a stereo playing music
b) a moving arrow
c) a hamburger
d) a coiled spring
6. If an object is not moving, it has
a) potential energy
b) kinetic energy
c) chemical energy
d) nuclear energy
7. Who has more potential energy, a skier on top of a hill or a skier half way down the hill?
a) The skier on top of the hill.
b) The skier half way down the hill.
c) They both have the same potential energy.
d) Neither one has potential energy.
8. The energy of a ball flying through the air is:
a) Only kinetic energy
b) Both kinetic and potential energy
c) Mostly sound and heat energy
d) Gravitational energy
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Forms of Energy
9. Which diagram shows the spring with the most potential energy?
a)
b)
c)
d)
10. Which best describes what is happening when a moving car comes to a stop?
a) The car’s kinetic energy is increasing and its potential energy is increasing.
b) The car’s kinetic energy is decreasing and its potential energy is increasing.
c) The car’s kinetic energy is decreasing and its potential energy is decreasing.
d) The car’s kinetic energy is increasing and its potential energy is decreasing.
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Forms of Energy
11. Which one of the following situations involves potential energy changing into kinetic energy?
a) A moving ball being caught.
b) An airplane taking off from an airport.
c) A child kicking a ball that is standing still.
d) A car coming to a stop.
12. When does an airplane have kinetic energy?
a) When it takes off
b) When it is flying
c) When it lands
d) Both A and B
13. An example of gravitational potential energy is the energy of:
a) an object at height
b) any chemical
c) all moving objects
d) a parked car
14. Explain the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Potential energy is stored energy and kinetic energy is the energy of movement
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