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Chapter 7 Lesson 2 Life in the Americas The Maya • 1839 Archaeologists discovered the ancient city of the Maya. • The Maya were the ancestors of millions of Central Americans today. Maya Communities • AD 300 – The Maya built a complex culture in Mexico and C. Am. • Swamps and sinkholes gave access to water. • The Maya cleared forests, planted corn and built cities. • The Maya built over 50 city-states. What Was Maya Society Like? • Each city-state had a king descended from the sun-god. • Maya city-states had a strict class system. Nobles & priests then farmers, artisans & hunters. • Maya believed that the Gods controlled everything. Offered sacrifices. • Maya fought battles and took land and captives. • Ruling woman served as queens and royal woman married into other royal families, built alliances. Maya Achievements • The priests felt the Gods revealed their plans through the sun, moon and stars. • Developed a calendar and could predict eclipses • 260 day religious calendar and a 365 day calendar for seasons and agriculture. • Developed a counting system based on 20, used 0 • 900 Maya culture collapsed, may have been warfare or overuse of soil. The Aztec • Aztec came to power in Mesoamerica in the 1300’s. • The Aztec were hunters and warriors. Rise of the Aztec • Aztec searched for a home promised to them. Aztec sun god – Quetzalcoatl. • 1325 settled in Lake Texcoco. • The priests declared a great city be built. Tenochtitlan was built on an island. • The Aztec relied on Emperors selected by a council. • Montezuma was a powerful leader that expanded the empire. Aztec Life • Emperors followed by 4 classes, nobles, commoners, unskilled workers & slaves. • Boys were trained to be warriors. • Priests offered sacrifice, worked to preserve religion, history and lit. • Also used a 260 day religious calendar and a 365 day calendar for everyday use. • Aztec farmed using irrigation and fertilizer.