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Solar System JEOPARDY REVIEW Sun Planets 100 – What element is 70% of the sun? hydrogen 100- What shape is a planet’s orbit around the sun? elliptical 200 – What’s the difference between a solar flare and a prominence? A prominence loops back to the sun’s surface but a solar flare does not 300 – Describe the rotation of the sun. the sun’s equator rotates faster than its poles (the top and the bottom of the sun) 200 – How is gravity important to our solar system? It caused it to form and it keeps everything in orbit around the sun 300 – Name the 4 gas giants and the 4 terrestrial planets. Gas giants: Saturn, Jupiter, Neptune, Uranus; Terrestrial: Earth, Mars, Mercury, Venus 400 – What is a 400 – What makes a gas sunspot? How often is giant planet different there a peak in from a terrestrial planet? sunspot activity? An Gas giant planets are area of the sun that is made from gas not cooler than the rock/metal; they are surrounding area – it less dense, cooler, and peaks every 11 years have rings 500 – Name the 6 500 – What is the order layers of the sun in of the formation of the order, starting with the solar system? Solar core. Core, radiative nebula→ protostellar zone, convective disk → nuclear fusion zone, photosphere, → sun → chromosphere, planetesimals → corona planets Small Bodies Vocab 100 – Where is the Kuiper Belt? The Oort Cloud? Kuiper Belt is past Neptune’s orbit; Oort cloud is past that on the way to the next star Anything Goes 100 – What is aphelion? Perihelion? Aphelion is part of an orbit closest to the sun, perihelion is when its furthest from sun st 200 – What is Kepler’s 1 200 – Define parallax. law of motion? The orbit of When something a planet around the sun seems to look like it is is an ellipse with the sun in a different spot at one focus when you look at it from a different spot 100 – What’s the difference between heliocentric and geocentric? Heliocentric is sun centered solar system and geocentric is Earth at the center 200 – What actually is a shooting star? A meteoroid that burns up in Earth’s atmosphere (a meteor) 300 – How often can we see comets passing the Earth? Not very often – it is very rare 300 – What is a small body giving off gas and dust as it passes close to the sun? a comet 300 – How old is the solar system? What force caused it to form? 4.5 billion years; gravity 400 – Describe a dwarf planet. A round body that orbits the sun but its gravity isn’t strong enough to clear its orbit 400 – What is an asteroid? A small rocky object that orbits the sun 400 – How does the sun create energy? Nuclear fusion – hydrogen bonds together to form helium and releases energy 500 – Explain the difference between meteoroid, meteor, and meteorite. Meteoroids are in space, meteors burn up in Earth’s atmosphere, meteorites make it to Earth’s surface 500 – What is a Kuiper Belt object? An object that orbits the sun in the Kuiper Belt 500 – Which historical astronomers believed in a geocentric model of the solar system? Heliocentric model? Heliocentric – Galileo, Copernicus, Aristarchus; Geocentric – Ptolemy, Aristotle Sun 100 200 300 400 500 Scores: Person 1 Sun 100 200 300 400 500 Scores: Person 1 Sun 100 200 300 400 500 Scores: Person 1 JEOPARDY CHART Planets Small Bodies 100 100 200 200 300 300 400 400 500 500 Vocab 100 200 300 400 500 Anything Goes 100 200 300 400 500 Person 2 JEOPARDY CHART Planets Small Bodies 100 100 200 200 300 300 400 400 500 500 Vocab 100 200 300 400 500 Anything Goes 100 200 300 400 500 Person 2 JEOPARDY CHART Planets Small Bodies 100 100 200 200 300 300 400 400 500 500 Vocab 100 200 300 400 500 Person 2 Anything Goes 100 200 300 400 500