Download Keiser College - HCC Learning Web

BIOL 1406: Biology I
Houston Community College – Southwest
Instructor: Evel yn I. Milian
Study Guide for Lab Exam # 2 – Exercises 8 to 12
* NOTE: This is just a guide. It is not a comprehensive list of what may be on the test.
* Studying tips: For every test, including lab tests and the final exam, you should start studying early. If you
start studying one or two days before a test, you will feel overwhelmed and you will be under too much stress.
Study every day using your textbook, class notes and any other resources available. *** Study the figures and
tables discussed in class as well as those that have not been discussed in detail as they might help you understand
the concepts. Study with a friend and quiz each other. It is essential for you to be able to recognize, understand
and apply the concepts, and use scientific vocabulary learned in class.
* The lab test will be practical. In other words, there will be “stations” or items to be identified or to use as a
reference to answer questions related to the activities performed in the laboratory. You will need to give short
answers or fill the blanks. Of course, you do not need to memorize all the steps in any lab procedure; instead,
have a general understanding of the procedure and its purpose. You will have to apply the concepts that you have
learned or reinforced during the laboratory activities, many of which have also been discussed in lecture.
LAB EXERCISE 8: Cellular Respiration
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Understand and be able to explain or define cellular respiration in one sentence, including the summarized
chemical equation (with chemical formulas and chemical names of substances), as learned in class and lab.
Understand and be able to briefly describe the stages of cellular respiration.
What is yeast?
What was the purpose of using phenolphthalein in this experiment?
What event indicates the production of CO2 (carbon dioxide) in this experiment with yeast?
In the demonstration of this experiment, what caused the change in color in the flask with phenolphthalein
and NaOH (in water) from pink to colorless (clear)?
Was any gas released in the flask with the boiled yeast mixture? Explain your answer.
In the experiment using straws: What, in the breath you exhaled into the beaker with phenolphthalein and
NaOH (by blowing into the water solution with a straw) caused the solution to become acidic and change
from pink to clear?
LAB EXERCISE 9: Photosynthesis
1.
2.
3.
4.
Understand and be able to explain or define photosynthesis in one sentence, including the summarized
chemical equation (with chemical formulas and chemical names of substances), as learned in class and lab.
In the demonstration of this experiment, how was it determined if the plant (Elodea) was carrying out
photosynthesis?
What was the purpose of using a sodium bicarbonate solution in the test tube?
What was the purpose of placing a container of clear water between the plant and the light?
LAB EXERCISE 10: Cell Division
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Know the phases of the cell cycle as learned in class and lab.
Understand and be able to define mitosis in one sentence.
Understand and be able to define meiosis in one sentence.
Phases of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
 Understand and be able to briefly describe the phases of mitosis.
 Be able to identify these phases in figures, models or microscopic slides, as practiced in the lab.
Understand the differences between mitosis and meiosis.
biol-1406-study-guide-LAB-exam-2-EM.doc – E. Milian
Page 1 of 2
BIOL 1406: Biology I
Houston Community College – Southwest
Instructor: Evel yn I. Milian
Study Guide for Lab Exam # 2 – Exercises 8 to 12
LAB EXERCISE 11: Genetics
1.
2.
3.
Understand the terms used in genetics, such as phenotype, genotype, gene, allele, homozygous,
heterozygous, recessive, dominant, etc. You should be able to apply these terms to genetics problems and
questions, as practiced in class and lab.
Understand how to solve genetics problems by following the steps learned and practiced in class and lab
(allele key, genotype of parents, Punnett square, etc.).
 Monohybrid cross
 Dihybrid cross
 Codominance and multiple alleles – example: ABO blood groups
 Sex linkage (X-linkage)
Understand how to read a pedigree chart.
LAB EXERCISE 12: DNA to Protein
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Know very well the structure of a nucleotide and be able to identify the components (molecules) of a
nucleotide in a figure or model.
Structure of DNA: Understand the structure of a DNA double helix and be able to identify all the parts of
the molecule in a figure or model. Be able to build or put together and identify the parts of a small DNA
molecule, as practiced in the lab, showing the 5’ and 3’ orientation of the strands.
Be able to write the complementary strand of a DNA strand by pairing or matching the nitrogenous bases,
as practiced in class and lab.
DNA replication: Know the stages of DNA replication and the main enzymes involved in this process:
 Unwinding, complementary base pairing/elongation, and joining – * Recognize them in figures.
 Enzymes: Helicase, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase
Transcription: synthesis of RNA (from DNA)
 Understand the differences between DNA and RNA.
 Understand and recognize the stages of transcription, in summary. * Recognize them in figures.
 Be able to write the sequence of an mRNA strand from a DNA template strand, as done in lab.
Translation: synthesis of protein (from RNA)
 Understand and recognize the stages of translation, in summary. * Recognize them in figures.
 Know how to use the Genetic Code, for example to translate an mRNA into its corresponding
amino acid sequence, as practiced in class and lab. In other words, be able to write the amino acid
chain (polypeptide) that will form from a given mRNA.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~ THE END ~
biol-1406-study-guide-LAB-exam-2-EM.doc – E. Milian
Page 2 of 2